Ukubaluleka Kwendima KaGajah Mada Emlandweni Wase-Indonesia
UGajah Mada wayengomunye wabantu abanethonya elikhulu emlandweni wase-Indonesia, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi soMbuso wamaMajapahit. Indaba yakhe kanye neminikelo yakhe kube yinto ebalulekile ekwakheni ubuzwe kanye nokuziqhenya. Lesi sihloko sizohlola indima kaGajah Mada, izinqubomgomo kanye nefa emlandweni wase-Indonesia.
### Isizinda sikaGajah Mada
UGajah Mada wazalwa cishe ngekhulu le-14, yize usuku oluqondile nonyaka wokuzalwa kwakhe kungabhalwanga emlandweni. Wayengu-patih (undunankulu) woMbuso wamaMajapahit, odumile ngesifungo sakhe sePalapa, efunga ukuthi ngeke adle izithelo zasePalapa kuze kube yilapho lezi ziqhingi zihlangene ngaphansi kokubusa kwamaMajapahit.
### Isifungo sikaPalapa
Esinye sezikhathi ezidumile nezingokomfanekiso empilweni kaGajah Mada kwakuyisifungo sikaPalapa. Lesi sifungo sabonakalisa ukuzimisela kwakhe kanye nesifiso sakhe sokuhlanganisa lonke isiqhingi saseNusantara, esihlanganisa ingxenye enkulu ye-Indonesia yanamuhla nangale kwayo. Wenza lesi sifungo phambi kweNkosi uJayanegara, owayeyiNkosi yaseMajapahit ngaleso sikhathi.
Embhalweni wePararaton, lesi sifungo sifundeka kanje:
"USira Gajah Mada pepatih amangkubhumi tan ayun amukti palapa. U-Sira Gajah Mada: 'Lamun huwus ulahlekelwe iqoqo leziqhingi i-isun amukti palapa, i-lamun ilahlekelwe indandatho yasogwadule, indandatho eyesabekayo, indandatho ye-huwun, indandatho ye-tanjung pura, i-Pahanging, i-haru, i-Haru Palembang, Tumasik, Samana Isun Amukti Palapa'."
Incazelo yalesi sifungo ukuthi uGajah Mada ngeke ajabulele izinjabulo zezwe, kulokhu ezifaniswa ne-"amukti palapa" (ukujabulela isithelo se-palapa), aze aphumelele ekunqobeni sonke isifunda saseNusantara, ngaleso sikhathi esasinemibuso nezizwe ezahlukene ezahlukene.
### Isu kanye neNqubomgomo
Ukuze agcwalise isifungo sakhe, uGajah Mada wasebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ezepolitiki nawezempi. Enye yezinto ezazidumile kakhulu kwakuyindlela yakhe yokunqoba uMbuso waseSunda emcimbini owaziwa ngokuthi "iMpi yaseBubat." Nakuba le mpi yaphela ngenhlekelele, umoya kaGajah Mada kanye nesifiso sakhe sokuhlanganisa lezi ziqhingi kwahlala kuqinile.
UGajah Mada wasebenzisa nobudlelwano kanye nezokuxhumana emizamweni yakhe. Ngale ndlela, waphumelela ekubopheni imibuso eminingana eziqhingini zase-Indonesia ukuze athonywe yiMajapahit ngaphandle kokusebenzisa impi evulekile. Lokhu kuxhumana kanye nezokuxhumana kwabonisa ukuhlakanipha nokuhlakanipha kukaGajah Mada ekufezeni imigomo yakhe yezepolitiki.
### Ithonya Nokwanda
Ngaphansi kobuholi bukaGajah Mada njengoPatih Amangkubhumi, okungahunyushwa ngokuthi undunankulu kanye nomkhuzi wezempi ophakeme, uMbuso wamaMajapahit wafinyelela esicongweni senkazimulo yawo. Izindawo eziningi ezazizimele ngaphambili, njengeBali, iSumatra, iKalimantan, kanye nezingxenye zeMalay Peninsula, ekugcineni zaba ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwamaMajapahit.
Lokhu kwanda akugcini nje ngokwandisa indawo yeMajapahit kodwa futhi kwandise nokuhweba kanye nokusebenzisana kwamasiko kuzo zonke lezi zifunda ezihlukahlukene. IMajapahit yaba yisikhungo sokuhweba esibalulekile sasolwandle ngesikhathi sayo, yaheha abahwebi abavela eShayina, eNdiya, ngisho nase-Arabia.
### Amasiko kanye neGugu Lesizwe
Ithonya likaGajah Mada ladlula indawo nesikhathi. Wakha ngempumelelo umbono wobunye kulo lonke leli qoqo leziqhingi kamuva owathonya umqondo wobuzwe banamuhla base-Indonesia. Isifungo sikaPalapa sibhekwa njengophawu lomoya wobunye besizwe, isici esibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni nasemasikweni ase-Indonesia.
Ekuhlonipheni kwakhe, u-Gajah Mada uye waphila njengomuntu ongafi ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kusukela emagameni enyuvesi nasezifanekisweni kuye emigwaqweni nakwezinye izimpawu ezibalulekile kulo lonke elase-Indonesia. IGajah Mada University, enye yamanyuvesi aphambili e-Indonesia, ese-Yogyakarta, yasungulwa ngokuhlonishwa kwakhe.
### Umbono Womlando
Indima kaGajah Mada emlandweni wase-Indonesia ayithandwa nje kuphela ezindabeni zendabuko kodwa nasezifundweni zezemfundo kanye nomlando wesimanje. Izazi-mlando nabacwaningi bavame ukujula ebuholini nasezinqubweni zikaGajah Mada ukuze baqonde ukuthi wakwazi kanjani ukuhlanganisa isifunda esikhulu nesihlukahlukene kangaka.
### Impikiswano Nokugxekwa
Naphezu kwenhlonipho yakhe ebanzi, izenzo nezinqubomgomo zikaGajah Mada zazigxekwa. Ezinye izazi-mlando zithi izindlela zakhe zokuhlanganisa lezi ziqhingi ngezinye izikhathi zazinonya futhi zinobuhlakani. Isibonelo, iMpi yaseBubat, eyabangela ukufa kwabantu abaningi, ivame ukukhunjulwa njengesici ebuholini bukaGajah Mada. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlola lezi zenzakalo ngokwezikhathi ezenzeka ngazo.
### Isiphetho
Ukubaluleka kukaGajah Mada emlandweni wase-Indonesia akunakuphikwa. Njengondunankulu waseMajapahit, wahlanganisa ngempumelelo ingxenye enkulu yeziqhingi zase-Indonesia, wandisa ukuhweba nokusebenzisana kwamasiko, futhi wabeka isisekelo sobuzwe banamuhla base-Indonesia. Isifungo sikaPalapa, asifunga futhi wasifeza ngempumelelo, saba uphawu lokuzimisela kwakhe okuqinile kanye nombono wobunye oqhubeka nokukhuthaza abantu base-Indonesia kuze kube namuhla.
Ifa likaGajah Mada liyaqhubeka likhona ezicini eziningi zesiko lase-Indonesia kanye nokuphila komphakathi, okumenza abe ngomunye wabantu ababaluleke kakhulu nabanomthelela emlandweni omude wesizwe. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile futhi ukubuka impumelelo yakhe ngeso elibukhali nelilinganiselayo, uqaphela ukuthi ubuqhawe bomlando buvame ukuhambisana nempikiswano kanye nobunzima.
UGajah Mada wayengeyena nje undunankulu, kodwa futhi wayewuphawu lomoya, umbono, kanye nokuzimisela okungashintsha isiphetho kanye nesiqondiso sesizwe.
