Matambudziko Akagadziriswa muFizikisi Yekutanga

Hukuru hwe torque yakakwana - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Simba P rinoiswa kumucheto mumwe wedanda rine hurefu hwemamita maviri. Hukuru hwetorque hwakaita sei ? Mutsetse wekutenderera panzvimbo A.

Hukuru hwe torque yakakwana - matambudziko nemhinduro 1Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba (F) = 10 N

Kureba kweAB (r AB ) = 2 m

Simba F rakamira rakanangana nedanda.

Ruoko rwechiredzo (l ) = r AB sin 90 o = (2 m)(1) = 2 m

Zvinodiwa: Kutenderera kwesimba remuchina wekutenderera

Solution:

Torque:

τ = F l = (10 N)(2 m) = 20 N m

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera nekuti danda rinotenderera richitenderera risingaenderane newachi.

[irp]

2. Kureba kwedanda reAB i2 m uye hukuru hwesimba F i10 N. Hukuru hwetorque chii? Akisi yekutenderera panzvimbo A.

Hukuru hwe torque yakakwana - matambudziko nemhinduro 2Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba (F) = 10 N

Kureba kweAB (r AB ) = 2 m

Ruoko rwechibato (l ) = r AB sin 60 o = (2 m)(0.5 √3 ) = √3 m

Zvinodiwa: Kutenderera kwesimba remuchina wekutenderera

Solution:

Torque:

τ = F l = (10 N)( √3 m) = 10 √3 N m

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera nekuti simba F rinoita kuti danda ritenderere richitenderera risingaenderane newachi.

[irp]

3. Kureba kwedanda i2 m. Hukuru hweF 1 i10 N uye hukuru hweF 2 i15 N. Tsvaga torque yakakwana pakati pedanda.

Chinotenderera pakati pedanda.

Hukuru hwe torque yakakwana - matambudziko nemhinduro 3Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba 1 (F 1 ) = 10 N

Daro riri pakati peF 1 nepakati pedanda (r 1 ) = 1 m

Ruoko rwechiredzo 1 (l 1 ) = r 1 sin 90 o = (1 m)(1) = 1 m

Simba F 1 rakamira rakanangana nedanda.

Simba 2 (F 2 ) = 15 N

Kureba pakati peF2 nepakati pedanda (r2 ) = 1 m

Simba F 2 rakamira rakanangana nedanda.

Ruoko rwechiredzo 2 (l 2 ) = r 1 sin 90 o = (1 m)(1) = 1 m

Zvinodiwa: Kutenderera kwemhepo kunoenderana ne axis yekutenderera

Solution:

Torque 1:

τ 1 = F 1 l 1 = (10 N)( 1 m) = 10 N m

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera nekuti simba reF 1 rinoita kuti danda ritenderere richitenderera risingaenderane newachi.

Torque 2:

τ 2 = F 2 l 2 = (15 N)( 1 m) = -15 N

Chiratidzo che minus nekuti simba F 2 rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

Torque yemagetsi:

Σ τ = τ 1 – τ 2 = 10 – 15 = – 5 N m

Chiratidzo chekusiya ndechekuti danda rinotenderera newachi.

[irp]

4. Kureba kwedanda reAB i2 m, hukuru hweF 1 i10 N uye hukuru hweF 2 i10 N. Sarudza torque yakakwana pakati pedanda.

Hukuru hwe torque yakakwana - matambudziko nemhinduro 4Chinotenderera pakati pedanda.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba 1 (F 1 ) = 10 Nn

Kureba pakati peF1 nepakati pedanda (r1 ) = 1 m

Ruoko rwechitsiko 1 (l 1 ) = r 1 sin 60 o = (1 m)(0.5 √3 ) = 0.5 √3 m

Simba 2 (F 2 ) = 10 N

Kureba pakati peF2 nepakati pedanda (r2 ) = 1 m

Simba F 2 rakamira rakanangana nedanda.

Ruoko rwechiredzo 2 (l 2 ) = r 2 sin 90 o = (1 m)(1) = 1 m

Zvinodiwa: Torque yakakwana pamusoro pe axis yekutenderera

Solution:

Torque 1:

τ 1 = F 1 l 1 = (10 N)( 0.5 √3 m) = 5 √3 = 8.7 Nm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera nekuti simba F 1 rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

Torque 2:

τ 2 = F 2 l 2 = (10 N)( 1 m) = -10 N m

Chiratidzo che minus nekuti simba F 2 rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

Torque yemagetsi:

Σ τ = τ 1 – τ 2 = 8.7 – 10 = – 1.3 N m

Chiratidzo chekusiya nekuti simba remagetsi rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

[irp]

5. Kureba kwedanda i10 m, hukuru hweF 1 i10 N, hukuru hweF 2 i10 N uye hukuru hweF 3 i15 N. Daro riri pakati pepoindi A nepoindi C i7.5 m. Simba F 2 riri pakati pedanda. Sarudza torque ine simba pamusoro pepoindi C iri pa2.5 m kubva poindi B.

Nzvimbo yekutenderera iri panzvimbo C

Hukuru hwe torque yakakwana - matambudziko nemhinduro 5Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba 1 (F 1 ) = 10 N

Daro riri pakati peF 1 nepoindi C (r 1 ) = 2.5 m

Simba F 1 rakamira rakanangana nedanda.

Ruoko rwechiredzo 1 (l 1 ) = r 1 sin 90 o = ( 2.5 m)( 1 ) = 2.5 m

Simba 2 (F 2 ) = 10 N

Daro riri pakati peF 2 nepoindi C (r 2 ) = 2.5 m

Simba F2 rakamira rakanangana nedanda.

Ruoko rwechiredzo 2 (l 2 ) = r 2 sin 90 o = ( 2.5 m)(1) = 2.5 m

Simba 3 (F 3 ) = 15 N

Daro riri pakati peF 3 nepoindi C (r 3 ) = 7.5 m

Simba F3 rakamira rakanangana nedanda.

Ruoko rwechiredzo 3 (l 3 ) = r 3 sin 90 o = (7.5 m)(1) = 7.5 m

Zvinodiwa: Torque yakakwana pamusoro pe axis yekutenderera

Solution:

Torque 1:

τ 1 = F 1 l 1 = (10 N)( 2.5 m) = 25 N m

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera nekuti simba F 1 rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

Torque 2:

τ 2 = F 2 l 2 = (10 N)( 2.5 m) = 25 N m

Chiratidzo che " plus" nekuti simba re "F2 " rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

Torque 3:

τ 3 = F 3 l 3 = (15 N)( 7.5 m) = -112..5 N m

Chiratidzo che minus nekuti simba F 3 rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

Torque yemagetsi:

Σ τ = τ 1 + τ 2 – τ 3 = 25 + 25 – 112.5 = – 62.5 N m

Chiratidzo chekusiya nekuti simba remagetsi rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

[irp]

6. Kureba kwedanda i10 m, hukuru hwaF1 iri 10 N, hukuru hwaF2 iri 10 N uye hukuru hweF3 iri 10 N. Tsvaga torque ine mambure pamusoro penzvimbo A, iri 5 m kubva papoiHukuru hwe torque yakakwana - matambudziko nemhinduro 6kushandiswa kwesimba F1.

Kutenderera kwechikamu chepakati peA.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba 1 (F 1 ) = 10 N

Daro riri pakati peF 1 nepoindi A (r 1 ) = 5 m

Ruoko rwechitsiko 1 (l 1 ) = r 1 sin 60 o = (5 m)(0.5 √3 ) = 2.5 √3 m

Simba 2 (F 2 ) = 10 N

Daro riri pakati peF 2 nepoindi A (r 2 ) = 0

Simba F2 rakamira rakanangana nedanda.

Ruoko rwechiredzo 2 (l 2 ) = r 2 sin 90 o = (0)(1) = 0

Simba 3 (F 3 ) = 10 N

Daro riri pakati peF 3 nepoindi A (r 3 ) = 10 m

Ruoko rwechiredzo 3 (l 3 ) = r 3 sin 30 o = (10 m)(0.5) = 5 m

Zvinodiwa: torque yakakwana pamusoro pe axis yekutenderera

Solution:

Torque 1:

τ 1 = F 1 l 1 = (10 N)( 2.5 √3 m ) = 25√3 = 43.3 N m

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera nekuti simba F 1 rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

Torque 2:

τ 2 = F 2 l 2 = (10 N)(0) = 0

Torque 3:

τ 3 = F 3 l 3 = (10 N)( 5 m) = -50 N m

Chiratidzo che minus nekuti simba F 3 rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

Torque yemagetsi:

Σ τ = τ 1 + τ 2 – τ 3 = 43.3 + 0 – 50 = – 6.7 N m

Chiratidzo chekusiya nekuti simba remagetsi rinoita kuti danda ritenderere newachi.

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Kubonderana kusina kusimba muchikamu chimwe chete - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Chinhu che500-gram , A, chichifamba pa10 m/s uye chinhu che200-gram, B, chichifamba pa12 m/s. Zvinhu zvinoswedera pedyo zvobonderana. Kana kumhanya kwechinhu A mushure mekubonderana kuri 6 m/s, chii chinonzi kumhanya kwechinhu B mushure mekubonderana?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwechinhu 1 (m 1 ) = 500 magiramu = 0.5 kg

Huremu hwechinhu 2 (m2 ) = 200 magiramu = 0.2 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga kwechinhu 1 (v 1 ) = -10 m/s

Kumhanya kwekutanga kwechinhu 2 (v 2 ) = 12 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwechinhu 1 (v 1 ') = 6 m/s

Zviratidzo zve "plus" ne "minus" zvinoratidza kuti zvinhu zviri kufamba nenzira yakasiyana.

Zvinodiwa : kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwechinhu 2 (v 2 ')

Solution:

m1 v1 +m2 v2 = m1 v1' + m2 v2'

(0.5)(-10) + (0.2)(12) = (0.5)(6) + (0.2)(v 2 ')

-5 + 2.4 = 3 + 0.2 v 2 '

-2.6 = 3 + 0.2 v 2 '

-2.6 – 3 = 0.2 v 2 '

-5.6 = 0.2 v 2 '

v 2 ' = -5.6 / 0.2

v 2 ' = -28 m/s

Kumhanya kwechinhu chechipiri mushure mekurovera i28 m/s.

Zviratidzo zve "plus" ne "minus" zvinoratidza kuti zvinhu zviri kufamba nenzira yakasiyana.

[irp]

2. Zvinhu zviviri zvakaenzana nehuremu zvinosangana zvosangana. Kumhanya kwechinhu 1 i6 m/s uye kumhanya kwechinhu 2 i8 m/s. Mushure mekusangana, chinhu 2 chinofamba kuruboshwe nekumhanya kwe5 m/s. Chii chiri kukura uye gwara rekumhanya kwechinhu 1 mushure mekusangana?

Ziva :

Huremu hwechinhu 1 (m 1 ) = m

Huremu hwechinhu 2 (m2 ) = m

Kumhanya kwekutanga kwechinhu 1 (v 1 ) = -6 m/s

kumhanya kwekutanga kwechinhu 2 (v 2 ) = 8 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwechinhu 2 (v 2 ') = -5 m/s

Zvinodiwa : hukuru uye kwakananga chinhu 1 mushure mekurovera

Solution:

Fomura yekuchengetedza simba rakatsetseka :

m1 v1 +m2 v2 = m1 v1' + m2 v2'

mv 1 + m v 2 = mv 1 ' + m v 2 '

m (v 1 + v 2 ) = m (v 1 ' + v 2 ')

v 1 + v 2 = v 1 ' + v 2 '

-6 + 8 = v 1 ' – 5

2 = v 1 ' – 5

2 + 5 = v 1 '

v 1 ' = 7 m/s

Kumhanya kwechinhu 1 mushure mekuroverana (v 1 ') i3 m/s.

Zviratidzo zve "plus" ne "minus" zvinoratidza kuti zvinhu zviri kufamba nenzira yakasiyana.

[irp]

3. Bhora re1-kg rine 1 ne2-kg rine divi rimwe chete uye rinobonderana zvisina kusimba. Bhora rekutanga risati rabonderana, bhora rekutanga rinofamba nekumhanya kwe10 m/s uye bhora rechipiri rinofamba nekumhanya kwe5 m/s. Kumhanya kwebhora rechipiri mushure mekubonderana i4 m/s. Sarudza kumhanya kwebhora rekutanga mushure mekubonderana.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Bhora rehuremu 1 (m1 ) = 1 kg

Bhora rehuremu 2 (m2 ) = 2 kg

Kumhanya kwebhora 1 (v 1 ) = 10 m/s

Kumhanya kwebhora 2 (v 2 ) = 5 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwebhora 2 (v 2 ') = 4 m/s

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chekukurumidza chinoratidza kuti mabhora ane divi rimwe chete.

Zvinodiwa : kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwebhora 1 (v 1 ')

Solution:

m1 v1 +m2 v2 = m1 v1' + m2 v2'

(1)(10) + (2)(5) = (1)(v 1 ') + (2) (4)

10 + 10 = v 1 ' + 8

20 – 8 = v 1 '

v 1 ' = 12 m/s

Kumhanya kwebhora 1 mushure mekurovera i12 m/s.

[wpdm_package id='1190′]

  1. Matambudziko emutsara uye mhinduro
  2. Matambudziko ekukurumidza uye ekukurumidza uye mhinduro
  3. Kuroverana kwakakwana mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro
  4. Kuroverana kwakakwana kwekusagadzikana mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro
  5. Kusangana kweinelastic mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro

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Kubonderana kweInelastic muchikamu chimwe chete - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Bara remagiramu makumi matatu richifamba ne30 m/s rinoroverana nebara re1-kg rakamira. Sarudza kumhanya kwebara kana bara nebara zvichibatana nekuda kwekuroverana.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwebara (m 1 ) = magiramu 30 = 0.03 kg

Huremu hwebhuroko (m2 ) = 1 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga kwebara ( v 1 ) = 30 m/s

kumhanya kwekutanga kweblock (v 2 ) = 0 ( block iri pakuzorora )

Zvinodiwa : kumhanya kwebara neblock mushure mekubonderana (v')

Solution:

m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v'

(0.03)(30) + (1)(0) = (0.03 + 1) v'

0.9 + 0 = 1.03 v'

0.9 = 1,03 v'

v' = 0.9 / 1,03

v' = 0.87 m/s

[irp]

2. Bhora rebhiriyadhi A rine huremu hwe 2 kg richifamba nekumhanya v A = 6 ms −1 rinoroverana zvakananga nebhora B rine huremu hwakaenzana. Kana kuroverana kwacho kusina kusimba zvakakwana, kumhanya kwemabhora maviri aya ndekupi mushure mekuroverana.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu A (m A ) = 2 kg

Huremu B (m B ) = 2 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga kwebhora A (v A ) = -6 m/s

Kumhanya kwekutanga kwebhora B (v B ) = 4 m/s

Zviratidzo zve "plus" ne "minus" zvinoratidza kuti zvinhu zviri kufamba nenzira yakasiyana.

Zvaidiwa : kumhanya kwemabhora maviri mushure mekuroverana. (v')

Solution:

m A v A + m B v B = (m A ' + m B ) v'

(2)(-6) + (2)(4) = (2 + 2) v'

-12 + 8 = 4 v'

-4 = 4 v'

v' = -4 / 4

v' = -1 m/s

[irp]

3. m1 = 3 kg uye m2 = 4 kg vanoswederana munzira yakasiyana nekumhanya kwe v1 = 10 m/s uye v2 = 12 m/s. Kana kuroverana kwacho kusina kunyatsosimba, mabhora maviri aya anomhanya zvakadii mushure mekuroverana?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwechinhu 1 (m1 ) = 3 kg

Huremu hwechinhu 2 (m2 ) = 4 kg

Kumhanya kwechinhu 1 (v 1 ) = -10 m/s

Kumhanya kwechinhu 2 (v 2 ) = 12 m/s

Zvinodiwa : kumhanya mushure mekubonderana (v')

Solution:

m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 ' + m 2 ) v'

(3)(-10) + (4)(12) = (3 + 4) v'

-30 + 48 = 7 v'

18 = 7 v'

v' = 18 / 7

v' = 2.6 m/s

[wpdm_package id='1157′]

  1. Matambudziko emutsara uye mhinduro
  2. Matambudziko ekukurumidza uye ekukurumidza uye mhinduro
  3. Kuroverana kwakakwana mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro
  4. Kuroverana kwakakwana kwekusagadzikana mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro
  5. Kusangana kweinelastic mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro

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Kubonderana kwakanyatsosimba muchikamu chimwe chete - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Bhora remagiramu 200, A, richifamba nekumhanya kwe10 m/s rinorova bhora remagiramu 200, B, parakambomira. Bhora remagiramu A neB rinomhanya sei mushure mekuroverana?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwebhora A (m A ) = 200 magiramu = 0.2 kg

Huremu hwebhora B (m B ) = 200 magiramu = 0.2 kg

Kumhanya kwebhora A usati waroverana (v A ) = 10 m/s

Kumhanya kwebhora B usati waroverana (v B ) = 0

Zvinodiwa: kumhanya kwebhora A (v A ') uye kumhanya kwebhora B (v B ') mushure mekubonderana

Solution:

v A ' = v B = 0

v B ' = v A = 10 m/s

[irp]

2. Zvinhu zviviri zvakaenzana zvinosangana, zvobonderana zvobva zvasvetuka. Kumhanya kwehukuru A usati waroverana i8 m/s uye kumhanya kwehukuru B usati waroverana i12 m/s. Chii chiri kukura uye gwara rekumhanya kwehukuru A uye huremu B mushure mekuroverana!

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu A (m A ) = m

Huremu B (m B ) = m

Kumhanya kwehuremu A usati wasangana (v A ) = -8 m/s

Kumhanya kwehuremu B usati wasangana (v B ) = 12 m/s

Zviratidzo zve "plus" ne "minus" zvinoratidza kuti zvinhu zviri kufamba nenzira yakasiyana.

Zvinodiwa: hukuru uye gwara rekumhanya kwehukuru A (v A ') uye huremu B (v B ') mushure mekuroverana

Solution:

Mukusangana kwakanyatsosimba, kana zvinhu zvine huremu hwakaenzana, ipapo kumhanya kwaA mushure mekusangana (v A ') = kumhanya kwaB pamberi pekusangana (v B ) uye kumhanya kwaB mushure mekusangana (v B ') = kumhanya kwaA pamberi pekusangana (v A ).

Kana A ichienda kurudyi uye B ichienda kuruboshwe, ipapo, mushure mekurovera, A inoenda kuruboshwe uye B inoenda kurudyi.

Zvinhu izvi zvine huremu hwakaenzana uye kuroverana kwacho kwakanyatsosimba saka zvinhu zvese zviri zviviri zvinochinjana kumhanya.

v A ' = -v B = -12 m/s

v B ' = v A = 8 m/s

Zviratidzo zve "plus" ne "minus" zvinoratidza kuti zvinhu zviri kufamba nenzira yakasiyana.

[irp]

3. Chinhu chinorema 2 kg, A, chichifamba nekumhanya kwe10 m/s chinorova bhora re4 kg, B, chichifamba nekumhanya kwe20 m/s. Kana kuroverana kwacho kwakanyatsopfava, chii chinomhanya chinhu A nechinhu B mushure mekuroverana?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu A (m A ) = 2 kg

Huremu B (m B ) = 4 kg

Kumhanya kwechinhu A usati wasangana (v A ) = 10 m/s

Kumhanya kwechinhu B chisati chasangana (v B ) = 20 m/s

Zvinodiwa : kumhanya kwechinhu A (v A ') uye kumhanya kwechinhu B (v B ') mushure mekubonderana

Mhinduro :

Mukukonana kwakanyatsosimba , kana zvinhu zviine huremu hwakaenzana uye zvichiswedera pedyo, kumhanya kwechinhu mushure mekukonana kunoverengerwa uchishandisa fomura iyi:

Kubonderana kwakanyatsosimba muchikamu chimwe chete - matambudziko nemhinduro 1

Kumhanya kwechinhu A mushure mekubonderana:

Kubonderana kwakanyatsosimba muchikamu chimwe chete - matambudziko nemhinduro 2

[irp]

4. 100-gram ichifamba ne20 m/s inorova madziro akapfava zvakakwana. Chii chiri kukura uye divi rekumhanya kwechinhu mushure mekurovera.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m A ) = magiramu zana = 0.1 kg

Huremu hwemadziro (m B ) = kusingaperi

Kumhanya kwehukuru usati warovera (v A ) = 20 m/s

Kumhanya kwehukuru mushure mekuroverana (v B ) = 0

Zvinodiwa : hukuru uye divi rekumhanya mushure mekurovera

Solution:

Kana v B = 0, m A diki kwazvo uye m 2 hombe kwazvo saka v A ' = -v A uye v 2 ' = 0.

Zviratidzo zve "plus" ne "minus" zvinoratidza kuti zvinhu zviri kufamba nenzira yakasiyana.

5. Mabhora maviri, A ane huremu hwe2-kg uye B ane huremu hwe5-kg, asati aroverana uye mushure maro anoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. Kana kurovana kwacho kwakanyatsopfava, chii chinomhanya bhora A risati raroverana?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwebhora A (m)A) = 2 kgKubonderana kwakanyatsosimba - matambudziko nemhinduro 1

Huremu hwebhora B (m B ) = 5 kg

Kumhanya kwebhora B usati waroverana (v B ) = 2 m/s

Kumhanya kwebhora A mushure mekuroverana (v A ') = 5 m/s

Kumhanya kwebhora B mushure mekuroverana (v B ') = 4 m/s

Mabhora ese ari maviri ari kufamba kurudyi saka kumhanya kwavo kwakaratidza kuti vane hunyanzvi.

Zvinodiwa: Kumhanya kwebhora A usati waroverana (v A )

Solution:

mA vA +mB vB = mA vA' + mB vB'

2(v A ) + (5)(2) = (2)(5) + (5)(4)

2(v A ) + 10 = 10 + 20

2(v A ) + 10 = 30

2(v A ) = 30 – 10

2(v A ) = 20

v A = 20/2

v A = 10 m/s

[irp]

6. Zvinhu A naB zvinofamba zvakatwasuka, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. Kana kuroverana kwacho kwakanyatsopfava uye kumhanya kwechinhu B mushure mekuroverana kuri 15 m/s 1 , chii chinonzi kumhanya kwechinhu A mushure mekuroverana.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwechinhu A (m)A) = 5 kgKubonderana kwakanyatsosimba - matambudziko nemhinduro 2

Huremu hwechinhu B (m B ) = 2 kg

Kumhanya kwechinhu A usati wasangana (v A ) = 12 m/s

Kumhanya kwechinhu B chisati chasangana (v B ) = 10 m/s

Kumhanya kwechinhu B mushure mekuroverana (v B ') = 15 m/s

Zvinhu zvose, zvisati zvaitika uye zvapera, zvinofamba kurudyi kuitira kuti kumhanya kwazvo kuratidze kuti zvakanaka.

Zvinodiwa: Kumhanya kwechinhu A mushure mekubonderana (v A ')

Solution:

mA vA +mB vB = mA vA' + mB vB'

(5)(12) + (2)(10) = (5)v A ' + (2)(15)

60 + 20 = (5)v A ' + 30

80 = (5)v A ' + 30

80 – 30 = (5)v A '

50 = (5)v A '

v A ' = 50/5

v A ' = 10 m/s

[wpdm_package id='1156′]

  1. Matambudziko emutsara uye mhinduro
  2. Matambudziko ekukurumidza uye ekukurumidza uye mhinduro
  3. Kuroverana kwakakwana mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro
  4. Kuroverana kwakakwana kwekusagadzikana mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro
  5. Kusangana kweinelastic mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro

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Kukurumidza uye kusundidzira - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Bhora diki rinokandwa rakatarisa divi ne speed yakaenzana ye 10 m/s. Bhora rinorova madziro uye rinodzoka ne speed imwe chete. Chii chiri kuchinja kwe linear momentum yebhora?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 0.2 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (vo o ) = -10 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t ) = 10 m/s

Zviratidzo zve "plus" ne "minus" zvinoratidza kuti zvinhu zviri kufamba nenzira yakasiyana.

Zvinodiwa : shanduko mumutsara wemutsara (Δp)

Solution:

Fomura yekuchinja kwemutsara wemutsara :

Δp = mv t – mv o = m (v t – v o )

Kuchinja kwemutsara wemutsara:

Δp = 0.2 (10 – (-10)) = 0.2 (10 + 10)

Δp = 0.2 (20)

Δp = 4 kg m/s

[irp]

2. Bhora remagiramu gumi rinodonha zvakasununguka kubva pakakwirira, rorova pasi pa15 m/s, rozodzoka richikwira mudenga pa10 m/s. Tsvaga kuti chii chinopa simba!

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = magiramu gumi = 0.01 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (vo o ) = -15 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t ) = 10 m/s

Kudiwa: Kusundidzira (I)

Solution:

Chiratidzo (I) chakaenzana nekuchinja kwesimba (Δp)

I = mv t – mv o = m (v t – v o )

Kufurirwa:

Ini = 0.01 (10 – (-15)) = 0.01 (10 + 15)

Ini = 0.01 (25)

I = 0.25 kg m/s

[irp]

3. Bhora remagiramu mazana maviri rakakandwa rakatwasuka nekumhanya kwe4 m/s, bhora rikabva rarohwa nenzira imwe chete. Nguva yebhora parinosangana nebat i2 mil seconds uye kumhanya kwebhora mushure mekubuda mubat i12 m/s. Simba guru rinoitwa nemubat pabhora i …

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = magiramu gumi = 0.2 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) = 4 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t ) = 12 m/s

Nguva (t) = 2 milliseconds = (2/1000) masekondi = 0.002 masekondi

Zvinodiwa : Hukuru hwesimba (F)

Solution:

Fomura yepfungwa:

Ini = F t

Fomura yekuchinja kwesimba:

mv t – mv o = m (v t – v o )

Chiratidzo (I) chakaenzana nekuchinja kwesimba (Δp)

Ini = Δp

F t = m (v t – vo o )

F (0.002) = (0.2)(12 - 4)

F (0.002) = (0.2)(8)

F (0.002) = 1.6

F = 1.6 / 0.002

F = 800 Newton

[wpdm_package id='1155′]

  1. Matambudziko emutsara uye mhinduro
  2. Matambudziko ekukurumidza uye ekukurumidza uye mhinduro
  3. Kuroverana kwakakwana mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro
  4. Kuroverana kwakakwana kwekusagadzikana mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro
  5. Kusangana kweinelastic mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro

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Kumhanya kwemutsara - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Chinhu chinofamba ne10 m/s. Verengai mutsetse wekufamba kwechinhu chacho.

Zvinozivikanwa :

Huremu (m) = 1 kg

Kumhanya (v) = 10 m/s

Zvinodiwa: linear momentum (p)

Solution:

Fomura yemutsara wemutsara:

p = mv

p = kumhanya kwakatwasuka, m = uremu, v = kumhanya

Mwero wemutsara:

p = mv = (1)(10) = 10 kg m/s 2

[irp]

2. Chivharo che2-kg nebhuroko re4-kg zvinofamba pa20 m/s. Chii chinonzi linear momentum yemabhuroko?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwebhuroko A (m A ) = 2 kg

Huremu hwebhuroko B (m B ) = 4 kg

Kumhanya kwebhuroko A (v A ) = 20 m/s

Kumhanya kwebhuroko B (v B ) = 20 m/s

Zvinodiwa: Linear momentum yeblock A (p A ) uye linear momentum yeblock B (p B )

Solution:

Mwero wemutsara webhokisi A :

p A = m A v A = (2) (20) = 40 kg m/s

Mwero wemutsara webhokisi B :

p B = m B v B = (4)(20) = 80 kg m/s

[irp]

3. Bhokisi re2-kg rinofamba ne 2 m/s uye bhokisi re2-kg rinofamba ne 4 m/s. Sarudza kuti mabhokisi acho akamira sei.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwebhuroko A (m A ) = 2 kg

Huremu hwebhuroko B (m B ) = 2 kg

Kumhanya kwebhuroko A (v A ) = 2 m/s

Kumhanya kwebhuroko B (v B ) = 4 m/s

Zvinodiwa: mwero wezvidhinha

Solution:

Mwero wemutsara webhokisi A :

p A = m A v A = (2) (2) = 4 kg m/s

Mwero wemutsara webhokisi B:

p B = m B v B = (2)(4) = 8 kg m/s

[irp]

4. Chinhu chinorema 5 kg chakazorora. Chii chinonzi linear momentum ye momentum?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 5 kg

Kumhanya kwechinhu (v) = 0

Zvinodiwa : musimboti wakatarwa (p)

Solution:

p = mv = (5)(0) = 0

[wpdm_package id='1155′]

  1. Matambudziko emutsara uye mhinduro
  2. Matambudziko ekukurumidza uye ekukurumidza uye mhinduro
  3. Kuroverana kwakakwana mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro
  4. Kuroverana kwakakwana kwekusagadzikana mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro
  5. Kusangana kweinelastic mumatambudziko echikamu chimwe chete uye mhinduro

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Simba - matambudziko nemhinduro

Simba ndiro chiyero chinoitwa basa munguva yakatarwa. Pamasvomhu, simba ndiro chiyero chebasa/nguva.

P = W/t

Tsananguro: P = simba (Joule/yechipiri = Watt), W = basa (Joule), t = nguva yechinguva (yechipiri)

Zvichibva pachiyero ichi, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti kana mwero webasa wakawanda, simba rawo rinokura. Kune rumwe rutivi, mwero webasa udiki, simba rawo rinoderera. Mwero webasa unoreva mwero unoitirwa basa.

[irp]

Simba i scalar. Chikamu cheSI chesimba ndiJoule/chechipiri. Joule/chechipiri = Watt (yakapfupikiswa saW), yakatumidzwa zita iri kuratidza rukudzo kuna James Watt. Chikamu cheumambo hweBritain chesimba i foot-pounds pasekondi.

Chishandiso ichi chidiki zvakanyanya kuti chishandiswe, saka chinoshandiswa simba guru remabhiza (rakapfupikiswa sehp). Simba rimwe chete remabhiza = 550 foot-pounds pasekondi = 764 Watts = ¾ kilowatt.

Huwandu hwebasa hunogonawo kuratidzwa mumagetsi x nguva, semuenzaniso, kilowatt-hours kana kWh. KWh imwe chete inoreva basa rinoitwa nechiyero chisingachinji che1 kiloWatt kweawa imwe chete.

1. Munhu anorema 50 kg anomhanya achikwira masitepisi akareba mamita gumi mumaminitsi maviri. Kumhanya kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) i10 m/ s 2. Sarudza simba.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 50 kg

Kureba (h) = mamita gumi

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2

Nguva (t) = maminetsi maviri = 2 (60) = 120 masekondi s

Kudiwa : Simba (P)

Solution:

Fomura yesimba:

P=W/t

P = simba , W = basa , t = nguva

Fomura Yebasa:

W = F s = wh = mgh

W = basa , F = simba , w = huremu , d = kusuduruka , h = kureba , m = huremu, g = kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti

W = mgh = (50)(10)(10) = 5000 Joules.

P = W / t = 5000 / 120 = 41.7 Joules/se c on d.

[irp]

2. Verenga simba rinodiwa nemunhu anorema 60 kg anokwira muti wakareba mamita mashanu mumasekonzi gumi. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti i10 m/s 2.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 60 kg

Kureba (h) = mamita mashanu s

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2

Nguva yepakati (t) = masekondi gumi

Kudiwa : Simba

Solution:

Basa:

W = mgh = (60)(10)(5) = 3000 maJoules

Simba:

P = W / t = 3000 / 10 = 300 Joules/se cond.

3. Mutambo wekusetsa unotenderera une simba rema watts mazana matatu nenguva yemaminitsi mashanu uchitenderera marounds mashanu. Simba raunoshandisa i….

A. 15 kJ

B. 75 kJ

C. 90 kJ

D. 450 kJ

Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba (P) = 300 Watts = 300 Joules/sekondi

Nguva (T) = maminetsi mashanu = 5 (masekondi makumi matanhatu) = masekondi mazana matatu

Nhamba yekutenderera = 5

Zvinodiwa: Simba rinoshandiswa nemutambo wemitambo inotenderera

Solution:

Simba - matambudziko nemhinduro

Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.

[wpdm_package id='1190′]

  1. Basa rakaitwa nechisimba matambudziko uye mhinduro
  2. Matambudziko esimba rekushanda nemhinduro
  3. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzesimba rebasa-remakanika
  4. Matambudziko esimba rinogona kukweva simba uye mhinduro dzaro
  5. Simba rinogona kuwanikwa mumatambudziko e elastic spring uye mhinduro dzaro
  6. Matambudziko emagetsi nemhinduro
  7. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti kufamba kwemahara kuwa
  8. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kumusoro nekudzika mukufamba kwemahara kwemvura
  9. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti rifambe pamusoro wakakombama
  10. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba mundege yakatsamira
  11. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kwezviratidziro

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Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba mundege yakatsamira - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Bhokisi rinotsvedza pasi rakatsetseka risina kukweshana . Chii chinonzi kumhanya kwebhokisi kana richisvika pasi? Kumhanya kunokonzerwa negiravhiti ndeye 10 m/s 2

Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kwendege yakatsamira 1Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba (h) = 8 m

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2

Zvinodiwa : kumhanya (v)

Mhinduro :

Simba rekutanga remakanika (ME o ) = simba regiravhiti (PE)

ME o = PE = mgh = m (10)(8) = 80 m

Simba remagetsi rekupedzisira (ME t ) = simba remagetsi (KE)

ME t = KE = ½ mv 2

Nheyo yekuchengetedza simba remakanika inoti simba rekutanga remakanika = simba rekupedzisira remakanika:

INI o = INI t

80 m = ½ mv 2

80 = ½ v 2

160 = v 2

v = √160 = √(16)(10) = 4√10 m/s

[irp]

2. Chinhu chinorema 1-kg chinotsvedza pasi nemamita masere. Tsvaga simba rekufamba mushure mekunge chinhu chacho chafamba nemamita mashanu… Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti g = 10 m/s 2

Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kwendege yakatsamira 2Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 0.2 kg

d = mamita zana nemakumi mashanu

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2

Zvinodiwa : kinetic energy (KE)

Solution:

chivi 30 o = h / d

0.5 = awa / 5

h = (0.5)(5) = 2.5 mamita

Kuchinja kwehurefu hwechinhu chacho mamita 2.5.

Simba rekutanga remakanika (ME o ) = simba regiravhiti (PE)

ME o = PE = mgh = (1)(10)(2.5) = 25 Joules

Simba rekupedzisira remakanika (ME t ) = simba rekinetic (KE)

ME t = KE

Nheyo yekuchengetedza simba remakanika inoti simba rekutanga remakanika = simba rekupedzisira remakanika:

INI o = INI t

25 = KE

Simba reKinetic = 25 Joules.

[wpdm_package id='1170′]

  1. Basa rinoitwa nechisimba matambudziko uye mhinduro
  2. Matambudziko esimba rekushanda nemhinduro
  3. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzesimba rebasa-remakanika
  4. Matambudziko esimba rinogona kukweva simba uye mhinduro dzaro
  5. Simba rinogona kuwanikwa mumatambudziko e elastic spring uye mhinduro dzaro
  6. Matambudziko emagetsi nemhinduro
  7. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti kufamba kwemahara kuwa
  8. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kumusoro nekudzika mukufamba kwemahara kwemvura
  9. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti rifambe pamusoro wakakombama
  10. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba mundege yakatsamira
  11. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kwezviratidziro

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Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba panzvimbo dzakakombama - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Bhokisi re 1-kg rinotsvedza pasi pamusoro wakatsetseka wakakombama. Sarudza simba rekufamba uye kumhanya kwebhokisi panzvimbo yakaderera. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti i10 m/s 2.

Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti rifambe pamusoro pekona 1Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 1 kg

Kuchinja kwehurefu (h) = 5 m

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2

Zvinodiwa: Kinetic energy (KE) uye kumhanya kweblock.

Solution:

(a) Simba reKinetic

Simba rekutanga remakanika = simba regiravhiti

ME o = PE = mgh = (1)(10)(5) = 50 Joules

Simba rekupedzisira remakanika = simba rekinetic

ME t = KE = ½ mv t 2

Nheyo yekuchengetedza simba remakanika inoti simba rekutanga remakanika = simba rekupedzisira remakanika:

INI o = INI t

PE = KE

50 = KE

Simba reKinetic (KE) = 50 Joules.

(b) Kumhanya kweBlock

Nheyo yekuchengetedza simba remakanika:

Simba rekutanga remakanika (ME o ) = simba rekupedzisira remakanika (ME t )

Simba regiravhiti (PE) = simba rekinetic (KE)

50 = ½ mv 2

2(50) / m = v 2

100 / 1 = v 2

100 = v 2

v = √100

v = 10 m/s

[irp]

2. Chinhu chinorema 2 kg chinotsvedza pasi pasina kukweshana. Chii chinonzi kinetic energy uye kumhanya kwechinhu chacho pamamita maviri kubva pasi. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negravity 10 m/s 2

Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti rifambe pamusoro pekona 2Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 2 kg

Kuchinja kwehurefu (h) = 10 – 2 = 8 m

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2

Zvinodiwa : kinetic energy (KE) uye velocity (v) pamamita maviri pamusoro pevhu.

Solution:

(a) Simba reKinetic riri pamamita maviri kubva pasi

Simba rekutanga remakanika = simba regiravhiti

ME o = PE = mgh = (2)(10)(8) = 160 Joules

Simba rekupedzisira remakanika = simba rekinetic

ME t = KE = ½ mv t 2

Nheyo yekuchengetedza simba remakanika inoti simba rekutanga remakanika = simba rekupedzisira remakanika:

INI o = INI t

PE = KE

160 = KE

Simba reKinetic (KE) riri pamamita maviri pamusoro pevhu i160 Joules.

(b) Kumhanya kwechinhu panzvimbo yakaderera

Nheyo yekuchengetedza simba remakanika:

Simba rekutanga remakanika (ME o ) = simba rekupedzisira remakanika (EM t )

Simba regiravhiti (PE) = simba rekinetic (KE)

160 = ½ mv 2

160 = ½ (2) v 2

160 = v 2

v = √160 = √(16)(10) = 4√10 m/s

[wpdm_package id='1167′]

  1. Basa rinoitwa nechisimba matambudziko uye mhinduro
  2. Matambudziko esimba rekushanda nemhinduro
  3. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzesimba rebasa-remakanika
  4. Matambudziko esimba rinogona kukweva simba uye mhinduro dzaro
  5. Simba rinogona kuwanikwa mumatambudziko e elastic spring uye mhinduro dzaro
  6. Matambudziko emagetsi nemhinduro
  7. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti kufamba kwemahara kuwa
  8. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kumusoro nekudzika mukufamba kwemahara kwemvura
  9. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti rifambe pamusoro wakakombama
  10. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba mundege yakatsamira
  11. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kwezviratidziro

Read more

Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kwezviratidziro - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Nhabvu inokandwa inobuda pasi nekona θ = 30 o nekumhanya kwekutanga kwe10 m/s. Huremu hwebhora = 0.1 kg. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti i1 0 m/s 2 . Sarudza (a) Simba regiravhiti rinogona kukweva panzvimbo yepamusoro (b) Nzvimbo yepamusoro kana kukwirira kwakanyanya

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 0.1 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) = 10 m/s

Angle = 30 o

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2

Solution:

(a) Simba regiravhiti

Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kwezvibodzwa - matambudziko nemhinduro 1

Verenga chikamu chakatarwa (v ox ) uye chikamu chakatwasuka (v oy ) chekukurumidza kwekutanga.

Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kwezvibodzwa - matambudziko nemhinduro 2Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kwezvibodzwa - matambudziko nemhinduro 2vox =vo cos θ = (10)(cos 30o) = (10)(0.5√3) = 5√3 m/s

v oy = v o chivi θ = (10)(chivi 30 o ) = (10)( 0.5) = 5 m/s

Simba rekutanga remakanika

Simba rekutanga remakanika (ME o ) = simba rekinetic (KE)

ME o = KE = ½ mv o 2 = ½ (0.1) (10) 2 = ½ (0.1) (100) = ½ (10) = 5 Joules

Simba rekupedzisira remakanika

Kinetic simba panzvimbo yepamusoro:

KE = ½ mv mombe 2 = ½ (0.1)(5√3) 2 = ½ (0.1)((25)(3)) = ½ (0.1)(75) = 3.75 Joules

Nheyo yekuchengetedza simba remakanika

Simba rekutanga remakanika (ME o ) = simba rekupedzisira remakanika (ME t )

KE = PE + KE

5 = EP + 3.75

PE = 5 – 3.75 = 1.25 Joule

Simba regiravhiti rinogona kukweva panzvimbo yakakwirira i1.25 Joules.

(b) Nzvimbo yepamusoro-soro kana kuti kukwirira kwakanyanya

PE = mgh

1.25 = (0.1)(10) h

1.25 = awa

Kureba kwakanyanya i1.25 metres.

[irp]

2. Bhora re 0.1-kg rinotaridzwa rakatwasuka ne velocity yekutanga v o = 10 m/s kubva pachivako chakareba mamita gumi. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negravity i10 m/s 2. Tsvaga simba rekufamba kwebhora kana rasvika pasi.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 0.1 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) = 10 m/s

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2

Kuchinja kwehurefu (h) = 10 – 2 = 8 m

Zvinodiwa: simba remagetsi riri pamusoro pevhu mamita maviri

Solution:

Simba regiravhiti (PE) = mgh = (0.1)(10)(10) = 10 Joules

Simba rekutanga rekinetic (KE)= ½ mv o 2 = ½ (0.1)(10) 2 = ½ (0.1)(100) = ½ (10) = 5 Joules

Simba rekupedzisira rekinetic = simba rekutanga regiravhiti + simba rekutanga rekinetic = 10 + 5 = 15 Joules

[wpdm_package id='1173′]

  1. Basa rinoitwa nechisimba matambudziko uye mhinduro
  2. Matambudziko esimba rekushanda nemhinduro
  3. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzesimba rebasa-remakanika
  4. Matambudziko esimba rinogona kukweva simba uye mhinduro dzaro
  5. Simba rinogona kuwanikwa mumatambudziko e elastic spring uye mhinduro dzaro
  6. Matambudziko emagetsi nemhinduro
  7. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti kufamba kwemahara kuwa
  8. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kumusoro nekudzika mukufamba kwemahara kwemvura
  9. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti rifambe pamusoro wakakombama
  10. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba mundege yakatsamira
  11. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika pakufamba kwezviratidziro

Read more