Kuchengetedza simba remakanika - matambudziko nemhinduro
1. Chivharo chem-kg chinoburitswa kubva pamusoro penzvimbo yakatsetseka , sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. Kuenzanisa pakati pesimba regiravhiti nesimba rekinetic rechivharo chiri panzvimbo M ndiko…
mhinduro
Simba rekukwevera pasi panzvimbo M:
PE M = mg (1/3a) = 1/3 mgh
Kinetic simba panzvimbo M:
KE M = EP = mg (2/3 h) = 2/3 mgh
EP M : EK M
1/3 mg: 2/3 mg
3/1: 3/2
1: 2
2. Mutambi wechando ari kutsvedza kubva pakukwirira kweA, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. Kana kumhanya kwekutanga = 0 uye kukurumidza nekuda kwegiravhiti kuri 10 ms -2 , saka kumhanya kwemutambi wechando panzvimbo B chii.
Zvinozivikanwa:
Kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) = 0
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2
Kuchinja kwehurefu = mamita makumi mashanu - mamita gumi = mamita makumi mana
Kudiwa: Kumhanya kwemutsvigiri panzvimbo B
Solution:
Nheyo yekuchengetedza simba remakanika inoti simba rekutanga remakanika = simba rekupedzisira remakanika.
Simba rekutanga remakanika = simba rinogona kuwanikwa panzvimbo B (kukwirira = mamita makumi mana)
Simba rekupedzisira remakanika = simba rekinetic panzvimbo B
Simba rekupedzisira remakanika = Simba rekutanga remakanika
½ mv t 2 = mgh
½ v t 2 = gh
½ v t 2 = (10)(50-10)
½ v t 2 = (10)(40)
½ v t 2 = 400
v t 2 = (2)(400) = 800
v t = √800 = √(2)(400) = 20√2 m/s
3. Chinhu chinotanga kutsvedza kubva panzvimbo yeA pasina kumhanya kwekutanga. Kana pasina simba rekukweshana, kumhanya kwechinhu chacho panzvimbo yakaderera chii?
Zvinozivikanwa:
Huremu hwechinhu = m
Kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) = 0
Kureba (h) = mamita mashanu
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2
Zvinodiwa: Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t )
Solution:
Simba rekutanga remakanika (ME 1 ) = Simba rekukwevera pasi panzvimbo A (PE A ) = mgh = (m)(10)(20) = 200 m
Simba remagetsi rekupedzisira (ME 2 ) = simba remagetsi (KE) = ½ mv t 2
Kumhanya kwechinhu panzvimbo yakaderera (v t )?
Shandisa musimboti wekuchengetedza simba remakanika unotaura kuti simba rekutanga remakanika = simba rekupedzisira remakanika.
EM1 = EM2
200 m = ½ mv t 2
200 = ½ v t 2
400 = v t 2
v t = 20 m/s
4. Bhora risina 2-kg rinodonha kubva panzvimbo A, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi (g = 10 ms -2 ). Mushure mekusvika panzvimbo B, simba rekinetic = ka2 simba rinokwanisa. Chii chinonzi kukwirira kwenzvimbo B pamusoro penyika?
Zvinozivikanwa:
Huremu hwebhora (m) = 2 kg
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 ms -2
Kureba kwenzvimbo A (h A ) = mamita makumi mapfumbamwe
Zvinodiwa: Kureba kwepoindi B (h B )
Solution:
Pakusvika panzvimbo B, simba rebhora panhamba B = simba regiravhiti rinowanwa kaviri pane simba regiravhiti panhamba B.
EK = 2 EP
½ mv 2 = 2 mph B
½ v 2 = 2 gh B
v 2 = 2(2)(10) h B
v 2 = 40 maawa B
Kumhanya (v) kwebhora parinosvika papoindi B mushure mekudonha kwemahara kubva papoindi A:
v 2 = 2 gh = 2(10)(90–h B ) = 20(90–h B )
Isa v 2 panzvimbo yemuenzaniso uri pamusoro apa uchishandisa v 2 panzvimbo iyi.
v 2 = 40 maawa B
20(90–maawa B ) = 40 maawa B
1800–20 maawa B = 40 maawa B
1800 = 40 maawa B + 20 maawa B
1800 = maawa makumi matanhatu B
h B = 1800 / 60
h B = mamita makumi matatu
5. Bhora re 1-kg rinoburitswa rotsvedza kubva panzvimbo A kuenda panzvimbo C, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. Kana kukurumidza nekuda kwegiravhiti = 10 ms -2 , chii chinonzi kinetic energy yebhora kana rasvika panzvimbo C.
Zvinozivikanwa:
Huremu hwebhora (m) = 1 kg
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2
Kuchinja kwehurefu (h) = 0.75 m
Simba rekutanga rinokwanisa kushanda (PE o ) = mgh = (1)(10)(0.75) = 7.5 Joules
Simba rekutanga rekinetic (KE o ) = ½ mv o 2 = ½ m (0) 2 = 0
Simba rekupedzisira regiravhiti (PE t ) = mgh = mg (0) = 0
Zvinodiwa: Kinetic simba rebhora panzvimbo C
Solution:
Simba rekutanga remakanika (ME o ) = Simba rekupedzisira remakanika (ME t )
Simba rekutanga regiravhiti (PE o ) + simba rekutanga regiravhiti (KE o ) = Simba rekupedzisira regiravhiti (PE t ) + simba rekupedzisira regiravhiti (KE t )
7.5 Joules + 0 = 0 + KE t
7.5 Joules = KE t
Simba rebhora reKinetic padanho C = 7.5 Joules.
6. Bhora re2-kg rinoburitswa kubva panzvimbo A, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. Nzira yekukombama yakatsetseka. Kana kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti kuri 10 ms -2 , chii chinonzi kinetic energy yebhora panzvimbo B?
Zvinozivikanwa:
Huremu hwebhora (m) = 2 kg
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s 2
Kuchinja kwehurefu (h) = 120 cm = 1.2 metres
Simba rekutanga regiravhiti (PE o ) = mgh = (2)(10)(1.2) = 24 Joules
Simba rekutanga rekinetic (KE o ) = ½ mv o 2 = ½ m (0) 2 = 0
Simba rekupedzisira regiravhiti (PE t ) = mgh = mg (0) = 0
Zvinodiwa: Kinetic simba rebhora panzvimbo B
Solution:
Simba remakanika panzvimbo A (simba rekutanga remakanika) = simba remakanika panzvimbo B (simba rekupedzisira remakanika)
Simba rekutanga remakanika (ME o ) = simba rekupedzisira remakanika (ME t )
Simba rekutanga regiravhiti (PE o ) + simba rekutanga regiravhiti (KE o ) = simba rekupedzisira regiravhiti (PE t ) + simba rekupedzisira regiravhiti (KE t )
24 Joules + 0 = 0 + KE t
24 Joules = KE t
Kinetic energy (KE) yebhora panzvimbo C = 24 Joules.
7. Chinhu chine simba remakanika rakagadzika, simba guru rekinetic, uye simba diki regiravhiti. Chinhu chacho…
A. Pakuzorora
B. famba uchienda kumusoro
C. famba pasi
D. Yakakurumidza kukwira
Solution:
Simba reKinetic riri kukura zvichireva kuti kumhanya kwechinhu kuri kukura uye simba regiravhiti riri kuderera zvichireva kuti kureba kwechinhu kubva pamusoro pevhu kudiki. Izvi zvinoitika kana chinhu chichifamba kubva pane imwe nzvimbo ichidzika pasi.
Hukama huripo pakati pekumhanya nesimba rekinetic hunoratidzwa ne kinetic energy formula:
KE = ½ mv 2
Tsananguro yefomura: KE = kinetic energy, m = mass, v = speed
Hukama huripo pakati pehurefu nesimba regiravhiti hunomiririrwa nefomura yesimba regiravhiti:
PE = mgh
Tsananguro yefomura: PE = simba rekukwevera pasi, m = uremu, g = kukurumidza kwegiravhiti, h = kukwirira
Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti C.
- Chii chinonzi simba remakanika?
- Pindura: Simba remakanika ndiro huwandu hwesimba rekinetic rechinhu uye simba rinogona kudzorwa. Simba rekinetic rine chekuita nekufamba kwechinhu, nepo simba rinogona kudzorwa rine chekuita nenzvimbo yacho kana magadzirirwo acho.
- Pfungwa yekuchengetedza simba remakanika inoti chii?
- Pindura: Nheyo yacho inoti muhurongwa hwakaparadzana hune masimba anochengetedza chete anoshanda, simba rese remuchina rinoramba riripo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti huwandu hwesimba remuchina nerinogona kushandiswa harichinji nekufamba kwenguva.
- Masimba ekuchengetedza neasingachengetedze anokanganisa sei kuchengetedzwa kwesimba remakanika?
- Pindura: Masimba anochengetedza, segiravhiti, haachinje simba rese remagetsi rehurongwa. Anogona kushandura simba rinogona kushandiswa kuita kinetic energy kana kuti zvinopesana, asi huwandu hwacho hunoramba huripo. Masimba asingachengetedze, sekukweshana, anogona kuparadzanisa simba remagetsi, achiwanzorishandura kuita simba rinopisa.
- Sei simba remakanika risingachengetedzwe mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo anosanganisira kukweshana?
- Pindura: Kukweshana isimba risingachengetedzi zvinhu. Sezvo zvinhu zvichifamba zvichienda kune mumwe nemumwe, kukweshana kunoshandura rimwe simba remuchina wesystem kuita simba rekupisa, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwesimba rese remuchina wesystem.
- Kuchengetedza simba remakanika kunoratidzwa sei mupendulum inotenderera?
- Pindura: Kana pasina simba rekudzivirira mhepo (simba risingachengetedzi), pendulum painotenderera kumusoro, simba rayo rekufamba rinoshandurwa kuita simba regiravhiti. Padanho repamusoro rekutenderera kwayo, ine simba guru rekufamba uye simba shoma rekufamba. Painodzokera pasi, simba iri rinoshandurwazve kuita simba rekufamba. Simba rese rekufamba rinoramba riripo, kunyangwe mafomu esimba achichinjana.
- Sei bhora rinosvetuka richizoguma ramira kunyangwe pasina simba rekunze?
- Pindura: Kana bhora rikasvetuka-svetuka, harisi simba rayo rese rekufamba rinoshandurwa kuita simba rinogona kuitika. Rimwe simba rinorasika, kazhinji seruzha kana shanduko yebhora, uye kunyanya nekuda kwekukweshana kwemukati mukati mebhora. Aya marudzi emasimba asingachengetedzeke ari kutamba, ayo anoderedza simba remuchina webhora nekusvetuka kwega kwega kusvika razorora.
- Mu roller coaster, simba remakanika rakakwirira uye rakaderera riri kupi?
- Pindura: Simba rese remuchina we roller coaster rinoramba rakafanana kana tikaregeredza kudzivirira mhepo nekukweshana. Zvisinei, panzvimbo yakakwirira, simba remuchina riri pahuwandu hwaro hwepamusoro nepo simba remuchina riri pahuwandu hwaro hwepamusoro. Parinodzika, simba remuchina rinoshanduka kuita simba remuchina, saka panzvimbo yakaderera, simba remuchina riri pahuwandu hwaro hwepamusoro uye simba remuchina riri pahuwandu hwaro hwepamusoro.
- Kuchengetedza simba remakanika kunobatsira sei pakunzwisisa marongero epasi?
- Pindura: Mapuraneti anotenderera nyeredzi seZuva ane simba rekufamba (nekuda kwekufamba kwawo) uye simba regiravhiti (nekuda kwenzvimbo yawo kana tichienzanisa neZuva). Sezvo puraneti ichifamba pedyo neZuva, inokurumidza, ichiwedzera simba rayo rekufamba ukuwo simba rayo regiravhiti richiderera, uye zvinopesana. Simba rese remagetsi repasi rinogara risingaperi nekufamba kwenguva, tichifunga kuti mamwe masimba (kufanana nemamwe mapuraneti) haana basa.
- Sei satellite iri mudenderedzwa rakagadzikana isingawire muPasi?
- Pindura: Kunyange zvazvo satellite iri kudhonzwa kuenda kuPasi nekuda kwesimba regiravhiti, simba rayo rekufamba rinoita kuti irambe ichifamba mudenderedzwa rayo. Kuenzana kwesimba iri rekinetic nesimba regiravhiti kunoita kuti satellite irambe iri mudenderedzwa rayo rakasimba nesimba remakanika rinoramba riripo.
- Kana munhu anotsvedza nechando anotanga ari pamusoro pegomo risina kukweshana ozotsvedza nechando, kumhanya kwake pasi kuchafanana sei nekumhanya kwaakaita ari pasi pegomo?
- Pindura: Pagomo risina kukweshana, simba rese remutambi anotsvedza rinochengetedzwa. Kana akatanga kubva kumusoro chaiko, achava nesimba rakawanda rekutanga naro pane kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma. Simba iri richashanduka kuita simba rekufamba richidzika. Saka, achakurumidza pasi kana akatanga kumusoro kupfuura kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma.