Basa uye kinetic energy - matambudziko nemhinduro

Simba reKinetic reBasa :

1. Mota inorema 5000 kg yakakurumidza kubva pakuzorora kusvika 20 m/s. Sarudza basa rakagadzirwa pamota.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 5000 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (vo _o ) = 0 m/s ( kuzorora kwemotokari )

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t ) = 20 m/s

Zvinodiwa : network

Solution:

Musimboti wesimba rekushanda-kinetic :

W _net = Δ EK

Mambure = ½ m (v _{t 2} ^– v _o ² )

W _net = basa remambure

Δ EK = shanduko musimba rekinetic

m = huremu (kg),

v _t = kumhanya kwekupedzisira (m/s),

v _o = kumhanya kwekutanga (m/s).

Network:

Mambure = ½ m (v _{t 2} ^– v _o ² )

W _mambure = ½ (5000) (20 ² - 0 ² )

W _net = (2500)(400 - 0)

W _net = (2500)(400)

W _net = 1000,000 Joule

2. Chinhu chinorema 10 kg chakakurumidziswa kubva pa5 m/s kusvika pa10 m/s. Sarudza basa remambure rakaitwa pachinhu chacho!

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 10 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v _o ) = 5 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t ) = 10 m/s

Zvinodiwa : network

Solution:

Network:

W _net = Δ EK

Mambure = ½ m (v _{t 2} ^– v _o ² )

W _mambure = ½ (10) (10 ² - 5 ² )

W _net = (5)(100 - 25)

W _net = (5)(75)

W _net = 375 Joule

3. Mota inorema 2000 kg inoderera kubva pa10 m/s kusvika pa5 m/s. Basa rei rinoitwa pamota iyi?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwemota (m) = 2000 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v _o ) = 10 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t ) = 5 m/s

Zvinodiwa: network

Solution:

Network:

W _net = Δ EK

Mambure = ½ m (v _{t 2} ^– v _o ² )

W _mambure = ½ (2000) (5 ² - 10 ² )

W _net = (1000)(25 - 100)

W _net = (1000)(-75)

W _net = -75,000 Joule

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti nzira yekutama yakatarisana nenzira yesimba remagetsi.

4. Simba risingaperi re60-N rinoitwa pachinhu chinorema 10-kg kwemasekonzi gumi nemaviri. Kumhanya kwekutanga kwechinhu i6 m/s uye kutungamira kwechinhu kwakafanana nekutungamira kwesimba.

(1) Basa rakaitwa pachinhu ichi i30,240 Joules

(2) Simba rekupedzisira rekinetic i30,240 joules

(3) Simba i2,520 Watts

(4) Kuwedzera kwesimba rekinetic rechinhu ichi i180 Joules

Mashoko echokwadi ndeekuti…

Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba (F) = 60 N

Nguva yepakati (t) = masekondi gumi nemashanu

Huremu hwechinhu (m) = 10 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v _o ) = 6 m/s

Zvinodiwa: Mashoko akarurama

Solution:

Kukurumidzisa kwechinhu:

∑F = ma

60 = 10 a

a = 60 / 10 = 6 m/s ²

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira:

v _t = vo ₊ pa

v _t = 6 + (6)(12)

v _t = 6 + 72

v _t = 78 m/s

Nharaunda yakafambwa mumasekonzi gumi nemaviri:

s = vot ₊ 1/2 pa ²

s = (6)(12) + 1/2 (6)(12) ²

s = 72 + (3)(144)

s = 72 + 432

s = mamita gumi

(1) Basa rinoitwa nechisimba

W = F s = (60)(504) = 30,240 Joules

(2) Simba rekupedzisira rekufamba kwemhepo

KE = 1/2 mv _t ² = 1/2 (10) (78) ² = (5) (6084) = 30,420 Joules

(3) Simba

P = W / t = 30,240 / 12 = 2,520 Joules/sekondi

(4) Kuwedzera kwesimba remagetsi

ΔKE = 1/2 mv _t ² – 1/2 mv _o ² = 1/2 m (v _t ² – v _o ² ) = 1/2 (10) (78 ² – 6 ² ) = 5 (6084 –36) = 5 (6048)

ΔKE = 30,240 Joule

5. Basa guru rinoitwa nenhamba yechinhu…

Solution:

Basa reNet = shanduko yesimba reKinetic

Mambure = ½ m (v _{t 2} ^– v _o ² )

Basa guru:

W ₁ = ½ (8)(4 ² – 2 ² ) = (4)(16 – 4) = (4)(12) = 48 Joules

W ₂ = ½ (8)(5 ² –3 ² ) = (4)(25 – 9) = (4)(16) = 64 Joules

W ₃ = ½ (10)(6 ² – 5 ² ) = (5)(36 – 25) = (5)(11) = 55 Joules

W ₄ = ½ (10)(4 ² – 0 ² ) = (5)(16 – 0) = (5)(16) = 80 Joules

W ₅ = ½ (20)(3 ² – 3 ² ) = (10)(9 – 9) = (10)(0) = 0 Joules

6. Mota inorema 4000 kg inofamba nemutsetse wakatwasuka pa25 m/s. Mota inoderedzwa speed zvekuti kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwemota kuri 15 m/s. Basa rakaitwa pamota nderei?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 4000 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v _o ) = 25 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t ) = 15 m/s

Zvaidiwa : Basa rakaitwa pamotokari

Solution:

W _net = ½ m (v _t ² – vo ₂ ⁾ = ½(4000)(15 ² -25 ² ) = (2000)(225-625) = (2000)(-400) = -800,000 Joules = -800 kJ

7. 0.1-kg inokandwa yakatwasuka pa 6 m/s kubva pakukwirira kwemamita mashanu. Kana kukurumidza kwegiravhiti kuri 10 m/s ² , saka chii chinonzi kinetic energy yebhora pakukwirira kwemamita maviri.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 0.1 kg

Kuchinja kwehurefu (h) = 5 m – 2 m = 3 metres

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Zvinodiwa: Simba rekufamba kwemhepo riri pakakwirira mamita maviri.

Solution:

Kufamba kweprojectile kunogona kunzwisiswa nekuongorora zvikamu zvekufamba zvakatwasuka uye zvakatwasuka zvakasiyana. Kufamba kwakatwasuka kunoongororwa sekufamba kwevelocity nguva dzose uye kufamba kwakatwasuka kunoongororwa sekufamba kwefree fall kana kufamba kwakatwasuka.

Simba rekutanga remakanika = simba regiravhiti.

PE = mgh = (0.1)(10)(3) = 3 maJoules.

Simba rekupedzisira remakanika = simba rekinetic.

KE = 3 maJoules.

8. Mota inorema 1000 kg inomhanya nekukurumidza kubva pakuzorora uye inofamba ne5 m/s. Ndeipi basa rinoitwa nemota?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 1000 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v _o ) = 0

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t ) = 5 m/s

Zvaidiwa: Basa (W) rinoitwa nemotokari

Solution:

Mambure = ½ m (v _{t 2} ^– v _o ² )

Basa rinoitwa nemota:

W _net = ½ (1000)(5 ² – 0 ² ) = (500)(25 – 0) = (500)(25) = 12,500 Joules

9. Bhora remagiramu mazana mashanu rinokandwa rakamira mudenga kubva pamusoro penyika nekumhanya kwekutanga kwe10 m/s ² . Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti i10 ms ^-2 . Ndeipi basa rinoitwa nesimba rinorema kana bhora rasvika pakukwirira kwakanyanya.

Zvinozivikanwa :

Huremu hwebhora (m) = 500 magiramu = 0.5 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v _o ) = 10 m/s ²

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t ) = 0 (kumhanya kwepamusoro-soro)

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Kudiwa: Basa (W) don neuremu

Solution:

Basa remambure rinoitwa nesimba remambure pachinhu = shanduko musimba remambure.

W _net = ΔEK = EK _t – EK _o

Wnet = ½ mv _t ² – ½ mv _o ² = ½ m (v _t ² – v _o ² )

KE _t = simba rekupedzisira rekinetic, KE _o = simba rekutanga rekinetic, m = huremu hwechinhu, v _t = kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwechinhu, v _o = kumhanya kwekutanga kwechinhu.

Network:

W _mambure = ½ m (v _t ² – v _o ² ) = ½ (0.5) (0 ² – 10 ² )

W _net = (0.25)(-100) = -25 Joules

Chiratidzo chekudzima chinoratidza kuti bhora rakananga kure kure neuremu hwaro. Bhora rakananga rakamira uye huremu hwaro hwakamira kure.

10. Chinhu chinorema 1-kg chinodonha chisina kusimba nekukwirira kwakasiyana = 2.5 metres. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti i10 ms ^-2 . Basa rakaitwa pachinhu chacho nderei?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwebhora (m) = 1 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v _o ) = 0 m/s

Kureba (h) = mamita mashanu

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Zvinodiwa: Basa repaindaneti panguva yekudzingwa

Solution:

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwebhora (v _t )

Yakaverengerwa uchishandisa equation yekufamba kwemahara. Inozivikanwa: Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ² , Kuchinja kwehurefu hwebhora (h) = 2.5 metres. Inodiwa: Kumhanya kwekupedzisira.

v _t ² = 2 gh = 2(10)(2.5) = 2(25)

v _t = √2(25)

v _t = 5√2

Basa reNet = shanduko musimba rekinetic

W _mambure = ΔEK = ½ m (v _t ² – v _o ² ) = ½ (1){(5√2) ² – 0 ² }

W _net = ½ (25)(2) = 25 Joule

11. Chinhu chinorema 2 kg chinofamba ne72 km/awa. Mushure mekufamba mamita 400, kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwechinhu chacho i144 km/awa. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti i10 ms ^-2 . Tsvaga basa remambure.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwechinhu (m) = 2 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v _o ) = 72 km/awa = 20 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t ) = 144 km/h = 40 m/s

Nhambwe (s) = mamita mazana mana

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Zvinodiwa: Network

Solution:

Basa remagetsi = shanduko dzesimba remagetsi

W _mambure = ΔEK = ½ m (v _t ² – v _o ² ) = ½ (2) (40 ² – 20 ² }

W _net = ½ (2)(1600 - 400) = 1200 Joules

12. Chinhu chinorema 2-kg chinofamba ne2 ms ^-1 . Basa rinoitwa pachinhu ichi i21 Joules. Chii chinonzi kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwechinhu?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu (m) = 2 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v _o ) = 2 m/s

Basa (W) = 21 Joule

Zvinodiwa: kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t )

Solution:

W _net = ΔEK

W _net = 1/2 mv _t ² -1/2 mv _o ²

W _mambure = 1/2 m (v _t ² – v _o ² )

21 = 1/2 (2) (v _t ² – 2 ² )

21 = (v _t ² – 2 ² )

21 = v _t ² – 4

v _t ² = 21 + 4 = 25

v _t = √25

v _t = 5 m/s

1 3. Simba risingaperi re8 N rinoshanda pachinhu chine huremu hwe16 kg. Kana chinhu chacho chikatanga chakamira, saka tarisa kumhanya kwechinhu mushure mekunge simba racho rashanda pachinhu chacho kwemasekondi mana.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba risingaperi (F) = 8 Newton

Huremu hwechinhu (m) = 16 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga kwechinhu (vo ₎ = 0 m/s

Simba rinoita basa pachinhu (t) = masekondi mana.

Kudiwa: Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t )

Solution:

Basa = Kuchinja kwesimba rekinetic

W = KE yekupedzisira – KE yekutanga

W = ½ mv _t ² – ½ mv _o ²

W = ½ mv _t ² – 0

W = ½ mv _t ² —— Equation 1

Basa = Simba x Kudzingwa

W = F d

W = 8 d

Shandisa equation yekufamba kwemutsara kusingaenderane iri pazasi kuti uverenge displacement (d):

d = vot ₊ ½ pa ²

d = kufamba, v _o = kumhanya kwekutanga, t = nguva yepakati, a = kukurumidza

d = 0 + ½ pa2 ⁼ ½ ^pa2 —-> a = (v _t – vo _o ) / t = v _t / t

d = ½ (v _t / t) t ²

^d = ½ (v _t ) t

Chinja displacement (d) pa equation yeBasa ne displacement (d) mu equation iyi:

W = 8 d

W = 8(1/2)(v _t )(t)

W = (4)(v _t )(t) —— equation 2

Equation 1 = Equation 2

W = W

½ mv _t ² = (4)(v _t )(t)

½ mv _t = (4)(t)

½ (16)(v _t ) = 4(4)

8 v _t = 16

v _t = 16 / 8

v _t = 2 mamita/sekondi

14. Kuti uwedzere kumhanya kwechinhu ka2 kupfuura kumhanya kwekutanga, sarudza basa rinodiwa mukuita…

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwechinhu (m) = 1 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (vo ₎ = 1 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t ) = 2 x kumhanya kwekutanga = 2 x 1 = 2 m/s

Zvinodiwa: Basa

Solution:

Simba rekutanga rekinetic:

KE kutanga = ½ mv _o ² = ½ (1) (1) ² = ½ (1) (1) = ½ (1) = 0.5

Simba rekupedzisira rekinetic kana kumhanya kwechinhu kwava kaviri kupfuura kumhanya kwacho kwekutanga:

KUNA yekupedzisira = ½ mv _t ² = ½ (1)(2) ² = ½ (4) = 2

Dzidziso yesimba rekushanda-kinetic:

Basa = Kuchinja kwesimba rekinetic

Basa = Simba rekupedzisira rekinetic – simba rekutanga rekinetic

Basa = 2 – 0.5

Basa = 1.5

Simba rekutanga rekinetic = 0.5

Basa = 3 x 0.5 = 1.5

Inodiwa kuti ishande ka3 kupfuura simba rayo rekutanga rekinetic.

15. Mota ine huremu hwe1500 kg inofamba nekumhanya kwe36 km/awa mumugwagwa wakatwasuka uye wakatsetseka. Mota yacho yakakurumidza kusvika 72 km/awa. Sarudza basa rinodiwa kuti mota imhanye.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwemota (m) = 1500 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga kwemotokari (v _o ) = 36 km/awa = 36,000 metres / 3600 second = 10 metres/second

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwemotokari (v _t ) = 72 km/awa = 72,000 metres / 3600 seconds = 20 metres/sekondi

Zvinodiwa: Basa rinodiwa kuti mota imhanye nekukurumidza

Solution:

Dzidziso yesimba rekushanda-kinetic:

W = EK yekupedzisira – EK yekutanga

W = ½ mv _t ² – ½ mv _o ² = ½ m (v _t ² –v _o ² )

W = ½ (1500)(20 ² - 10 ² )

W = ½ (1500)(400 - 100)

W = ½ (1500)(300)

W = (1500)(150)

W = 225,000 Joules

16. Chinhu chine huremu hwe2 kg chinotanga kufamba nekumhanya kwe72 km. awa ^-1 . Mushure mekufamba mumugwagwa wakatwasuka kusvika 400 m, kumhanya kwechinhu chacho i144 km. awa ^-1 . Sarudza basa rose pachinhu chacho.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwechinhu (m) = 2 kg

Kumhanya kwekutanga (v _o ) = 72 km/awa = 72,000 metres / 3600 seconds = 20 m/s

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t ) = 144 km/awa = 144,000 metres / 3600 seconds = 40 m/s

Kutamiswa kwechinhu = mamita mazana mana

Zvaidiwa: Basa reNet pachinhu chacho

Solution:

Dzidziso yesimba rekushanda-kinetic inoti basa remagetsi rinoshanda pachinhu zvakafanana nekuchinja kwesimba remagetsi rechinhu.

W net = KUSVIKA pakupera – KUSVIKA pakutanga

W net = ½ mv _t ² – ½ mv _o ²

Mambure = ½ m (v _t ² – v _o ² )

W mambure = ½ (2) (40 ² – 20 ² )

W net = 1600 - 400

W net = 1200 Joule

Description:

W = Basa, KE = simba remagetsi

Kinetic simba

17. Bara remagiramu gumi richifamba ne100 m/s. Chii chinonzi kinetic energy yebara.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwebara (m) = magiramu gumi = 10/1000 makirogiramu = 1/100 makirogiramu = 0.01 makirogiramu

Kumhanya kwebara (v) = mamita zana pasekondi

Zvinodiwa: Kinetic energy

Solution:

KE = 1/2 mv ²

KE = 1/2 (0,01 kg)(100 m/s) ²

KE = 1/2 (0,01 kg)(10.000 m2 ^/ s ² )

KE = (0,01 kg)(5000 m ² /s ² )

KE = 50 kg m ² /s ²

KE = 50 Joule

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2. Matambudziko esimba rekushanda nemhinduro
3. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzesimba rebasa-remakanika
4. Matambudziko esimba rinogona kukweva simba uye mhinduro dzaro
5. Simba rinogona kuwanikwa mumatambudziko e elastic spring uye mhinduro dzaro
6. Matambudziko emagetsi nemhinduro
7. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti kufamba kwemahara kuwa
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9. Kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza simba remakanika kuti rifambe pamusoro pekona
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