1. Bhokisi re2-kg rinodzika kubva pa10 m/s kusvika razorora. Chiyero chekukakavadzana kwekinetic i0.2. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti i10 m/s 2. Kukura kwekuchinjana chii?
Kuzivikanwa;
Huremu (m) = 2 kg
Kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) = 10 m/s
Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t ) = 0 m/s
Chiyero chekukweshana kwekinetic ( μk ) = 0.2
Huremu (w) = mg = (1 kg)(10 m/s 2 ) = 10 kg m/s 2 = 10 N
Zvinodiwa: Hukuru hwekutama (d)
Solution:
Musimboti wesimba rekushanda nemagetsi :
W nc = ΔEM
W nc = ΔEK + ΔEP
W nc = ½ m (v t 2 – vo 2 ) + mgh
W nc = basa rinoitwa nesimba risingachengetedzi richishanda pane chinhu
ΔEK = shanduko musimba remagetsi
ΔEP = shanduko musimba rinogona kuwanikwa
m = huremu
v = kumhanya
g = kukurumidza nekuda kwesimba rinokwevera pasi
h = kuchinja kwehurefu
Kuchinja kwehurefu h = 0 saka ΔEP = 0
W nc = ΔEK
Basa rinoitwa nemauto asingachengetedze tsika:
W nc = -F c d = – μ k N d = – μ k wd = – μ k mgd
W nc = -(0.2)(2)(10)(s)
W nc = – (4)(2)
Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti divi resimba rekukweshana kwekinetic rakapesana nedivi rekutama.
Kuchinja kwesimba rekinetic:
ΔEK = ½ m (v t 2 – v o 2 ) = ½ (2) (0 – 10 2 ) = 0 – 100 = -100
Kukura kwekutama:
W nc = ΔEK
– masekondi mana = – zana
s = -100/-4
s = 25 m
2. Bhurukwa rinotsvedza pasi padivi rakarerekera. Chiyero chekukweshana kwekinetic i0.4. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti g = 10 ms -2 . Sarudza kumhanya kwekupedzisira apo bhurukwa rinorova pasi.
Zvinozivikanwa:
Kureba kwekutanga (h o ) = 6 m
Kureba kwekupedzisira (h t ) = 0 m
Kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) = 0
Chiyero chekukweshana kwekinetic ( μk ) = 0.4
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 ms -2
cos θ = 8/10
Chikamu chehuremu chakamira = w y = w cos θ = mg cos θ = m (10) (8/10) = m (10)(4/5) = m (40/5) = 8 m
Simba rakajairika = N = w y = 8 m
Simba rekukweshana kwekinetic = f k = μ k N = μ k w y = (0.4)(8 m) = 3.2 m
Zvinodiwa: Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t )
Solution:
Musimboti wesimba rekushanda nemagetsi:
W nc = Δ EM
W nc = Δ EK + Δ EP
Kuchinja kwesimba rekinetic:
ΔEK = 1/2 m (v)t2 - vo2) = 1/2 m (v)t2 - 0) = 1/2 mvt2
Kuchinja kwesimba rinogona kushandiswa:
Δ EP = mg (h t – ho ) = m (10)(0-6) = m (10)(-6) = – 60 m
Basa rinoitwa nesimba rekukweshana kwekinetic:
W nc = – f ks = – ( 3.2 m)(10) = – 32 m
Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti divi resimba rekukweshana kwekinetic rakapesana nedivi rekutama.
Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t ):
W nc = Δ EK + Δ EP
– 32 m = 1/2 mv t 2 – 60 m
– 32 m = m (1/2 v t 2 – 60)
– 32 = 1/2 v t 2 – 60
– 32 + 60 = 1/2 v t 2
28 = 1/2 v t 2
2 (28) = v t 2
56 = v t 2
v t = √4.14
v t = 2 √14 ms -1
3. Bhiriko rinotsvedza pasi padenderedzwa rakakombama. Kumhanya kwekutanga i0 m/s uye kumhanya kwekupedzisira i10 ms -1 . Kana simba rekukweshana kwekinetic riri 2 N uye kukurumidza nekuda kwegiravhiti g = 10 ms -2 , chii chinonzi kureba (h)?
Zvinozivikanwa:
Huremu (m) = 1 kg
Kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) = 0 (kuzorora kwebhuroko)
Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t ) = 10 ms -1
Kureba kwekutanga (h o ) = h
Kureba kwekupedzisira (h t ) = 0
Simba rekukweshana kwekinetic (f k ) = 2 N
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 ms -2
Zvinodiwa: Kureba (h)
Solution:
Basa rinoitwa nesimba rekukweshana kwekinetic:
W nc = – f ks = – (2 )(15) = – 30
Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti divi resimba rekukweshana kwekinetic rakapesana nedivi rekutama.
Kuchinja kwesimba rekinetic:
ΔEK = 1/2 m (v)t2 - vo2) = 1/2 (1)(102 - 0) = 1/2 (102) = 1/2 (100= = 50
Kuchinja kwesimba rinogona kushandiswa:
Δ EP = mg (h t – ho ) = (1)(10)(0-h) = (10)(-h) = -10 maawa
Musimboti wesimba rekushanda nemagetsi:
W nc = Δ EK + Δ EP
– 30 = 50 – 10 maawa
Maawa gumi = 50 + 30
10 maawa = 80
h = 80/10
h = 8 m
4Kana bhokisi richifamba pasi rakarerekera zvakanyanya, saka….
A. Basa rinoitwa nesimba regiravhiti pabhuroko rakakura kupfuura shanduko yesimba ringangoitika rebhuroko
B. Simba remakanika rinowedzera
C. Huwandu hwesimba rekinetic uye simba raro rinogoneka zvinoderedzwa
D. Basa rinoitwa nesimba rekukweshana rakaenzana nekuchinja kwesimba rekinetic reblock
mhinduro
A haina kururama
Basa rinoitwa nesimba regiravhiti pabhuroko rakaenzana nekuchinja kwesimba regiravhiti rebhuroko.
B haana kururama
Kana plane ine c yakatsetseka, simba remuchina rebloki rinoramba riripo. Kana riri pamusoro peplane yakatsveyama uye risati rafamba, simba remuchina rebloki rakaenzana nesimba regravitational potential. Block richiripo saka simba rayo rekinetic harisi zero. Pakufamba pasi peplane yakatsveyama, kukwirira kwebloki kunoderedzwa saka simba regravitational potential rinoderedzwawo. Simba regravitational potential rinoderera nekuti rinochinja kuenda kusimba rekinetic. Kunyangwe simba regravitational potential richichinja kuita simba rekinetic, simba remuchina rinogara riripo.
Kana denderedzwa rakakombama rakashata, simba remuchina weblock rinodzikira nekuda kwebasa rakaipa rinoitwa nechisimba chemuchina. Simba remuchina we ...
C yakarurama
Nzvimbo yakakombama yakakombama saka pane simba rekukweshana rinoedza mafambiro eblock. Simba rekukweshana isimba risingachengetedzi. Theorem work-mechanical energy inoti basa rinoitwa nesimba risingachengetedzi (semuenzaniso simba rekukweshana) rakaenzana nekuchinja kwesimba remakanika. Mukutsvaga uku, simba remakanika riri kudzikira.
Simba remuchina reblock = simba regiravhiti + simba rekinetic.
D haana kururama.
Basa rinoitwa nesimba rekukweshana pabhuroko rakaenzana nekuchinja kwesimba remuchina rebhuroko, kwete kuchinja kwesimba remuchina rebhuroko. Ichokwadi kuti simba rekukweshana rinopikisa kufamba kwebhuroko saka rinoderedza kumhanya kwebhuroko uye rinoderedza simba remuchina rebhuroko. Asi ziva kuti simba remuchina rebhuroko rinobva kusimba regiravhiti. Saka ichokwadi kuti basa rinoitwa nesimba rekukweshana rakaenzana nekuchinja kwesimba remuchina (simba remuchina rinoderera).
Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti C.
5. Chinhu chiri paburiro rakashata chinorohwa saka chinofamba kwemasekonzi matatu chobva chamira. Kana huremu hunozivikanwa hwechinhu chacho huri magiramu gumi, simba rekukweshana pakati pechinhu chacho neburiro i2 kilodyne. Sarudza basa rinoitwa nesimba rekukweshana.
A. 0.18 J
B. -0.18 J
C. 0.36 J
D. -0.36 J
Zvinozivikanwa:
Nguva yepakati (t) = masekondi gumi nemashanu
Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t ) = 0 m/s (nzvimbo yekuzorora kwechinhu)
Huremu hwechinhu (m) = magiramu gumi = 10/1000 kg = 1/100 kg = 0.01 kg
Friction force (F) = 2 kilodynes = 2 x 10 3 dynes
Zvinodiwa: Basa (W) rinoitwa nesimba rekukweshana
Solution:
Kushandurwa kwezvikamu zvesimba:
1 Newton = 1 x 10 5 dyne
1 dyne = 1 / 10 5 Newtons = 1 x 10 -5 Newtons = 10 -5 Newtons
Simba rekukweshana (F) = 2 x 10 3 dyne = 2 x 10 3 x 10 -5 Newton = 2 x 10 -2 Newton = 2/100 Newton = 0.02 Newton
Theorem work-mechanical energy inotaura kuti basa rinoitwa nesimba risingachengetedzeki pachinhu chakaenzana nekuchinja kwesimba remechanical rechinhu chacho.
Kana chinhu chichifamba padenderedzwa rakanamira, simba remagetsi (ME) = simba regiravhiti (PE) + simba remagetsi (KE). Asi kana chinhu chichifamba padenderedzwa rakanamira chete saka hapana shanduko pakukwirira, simba remagetsi = simba remagetsi. Padenderedzwa rakanamira, simba regiravhiti harisi zero nekuti hapana shanduko pakukwirira.
Simba rekukweshana isimba risingachengetedzi. Simba rekukweshana rinowanzo kuderedza kumhanya kwechinhu uye simba rekukweshana rechinhu. Tinogona kugumisa kuti basa rinoitwa nesimba rekukweshana pachinhu rakaenzana nekuderera kwesimba remakanika.
Pamasvomhu:
Basa (W) = Kuchinja kwesimba remakanika (ΔEM)
F s = ΔEP + ΔEK
F s = mg Δh + ½ m (v t 2 – vo 2 )
F s = mg (0) + ½ m (0 2 – vo 2 )
Fs = 0 + ½ m (– (v o 2 ))
Fs = – ½ mv o 2 ———— Equation 1
Tsananguro: F = simba rekukweshana, d = kutama, m = huremu, v o = kumhanya kwekutanga
Kuchinja (d) uye kumhanya kwekutanga (vo o ) hazvisati zvazivikanwa nekuti tanga waverenga v o kana d. Basa rinoitwa nesimba rekukweshana rakaverengwa uchishandisa imwe ye equation mushure mekuzivikanwa v o kana d.
Equation yekutama (d) pakufamba kwemutsara kusingaenderane:
v t 2 = vo 2 + 2 (-a) s
Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t ) = 0 uye kukurumidza (a) kunosainwa negative nekuti chinhu chacho chaderera (kumhanya kwechinhu kwadzikira).
0 = vo2 - 2 kushambadzira
vo2 = 2 kushambadza
d = vo 2 / 2 a ———— Equation 2
Chinja d muequation 2 na d muequation 1:
F d = – ½ mv o 2
F (v o 2 /2a) = – ½ mv o 2
(F/2a) v o 2 = – ½ mv o 2
F/2a = – ½ m
F = (2)(a)(-1/2)(m)
F = – (a)(m)
a = – (F / m)
a = – 0.02 Newtons / 0.01 kg
a = – 2 Newton/kilogiramu
a = – 2 m/s 2
Equation yekuverenga kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) mukufamba kwemutsara kusingaenderane:
v t = vo o + pa —–> Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v t ) = 0, Kukurumidza (a) = 2 m/s 2 , nguva yechinguva (t) = masekondi matatu
0 = vo + (-2)(3)
0 = v o – 6
v o = mamita matanhatu/sekondi
Basa (W) rinoitwa nechisimba chemagetsi:
W = – ½ mv o 2 = -1/2 (0.01)(6 2 ) = -1/2 (0.01)(36)
W = -1/2 (0.36)
W = – 0.18 Joule
Basa rinoitwa nechisimba rinosainwa nechiratidzo chekuti harina simba zvichireva kuti basa racho rinoderedza simba remuchina wechinhu chacho.
Kana zvikazivikanwa d basa rinogona kuverengerwa uchishandisa equation yaW = F d.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.
[wpdm_package id='1178′]
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