Kufamba kwemahara kwemwaka wechando - matambudziko nemhinduro

Kufamba kwemahara kwemwaka wechando - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Dombo rinodonha zvakasununguka kubva pakakwirira kwemamita makumi mana nemashanu. Kana kukwira kwesimba nekuda kwegiravhiti kuri 10 ms ^-2 , kumhanya kwedombo kana rikarova pasi chii?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba (h) = mamita mashanu

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Zvinodiwa: Kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwedombo parinorova pasi (v _t )

Solution:

Kuenzanisa kwekufamba kwemahara kwekuwa :

v _t ² = 2 gh

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwedombo:

v _t ² = 2 (10)(45) = 900

v _t = √900 = 30 m/s ²

2. Chinhu chinodonha chisina kusimba kubva pakakwirira pasina kumhanya kwekutanga. Chinhu chinorova pasi mushure memasekonzi maviri. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti i10 ms ^-2 . Sarudza kukwirira

Zvinozivikanwa:

Nguva yepakati (t) = masekondi gumi nemashanu

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Zvinodiwa: Kureba (h)

Solution:

Kuenzanisa kwekufamba kwemahara kwekuwa:

h = ½ gt ²

Hurefu:

h = ½ (10)(2) ² = (5)(4) = mamita makumi maviri

3. Chinhu chinorema 2 kg chinodonha pasina kukwira kubva pakakwirira kwemamita makumi maviri kubva pasi. Nguva yechinhu chiri mumhepo ingani? Kukurumidza kwesimba regiravhiti i10 ms ^-2

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba (h) = mamita mashanu

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Zvinodiwa : Nguva (t)

Solution:

Kuenzanisa kwekufamba kwemahara kwekuwa:

h = ½ gt ²

Nguva yepakati:

20 = ½ (10)(t ² )

20 = (5)(t ² )

20/5 = t ²

4 = t ²

t = √4

t = masekondi maviri

4. Zvinhu zviviri, chinhu 1 nechinhu 2, zvinodonha zvakasununguka kubva pakukwirira kwe h ₁ ne h ₂ panguva imwe chete. Kana h ₁ : h ₂ = 2: 1, chiyero chenguva kubva pachinhu 1 kusvika pachinhu 2 chii.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwechinhu 1 (h ₁ ) = 2

Kureba kwechinhu 2 (h ₂ ) = 1

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti = g

Zvaidiwa: t ₁ : t ₂

Solution:

Chinangwa 1:

h ₁ = 1/2 gt _{​​​​1} ²

2 = 1/2 = ₁ ²

(2)(2) = gt ₁ ²

4 = gt ₁ ²

4/g = t ₁ ²

t ₁ = √4/g

Chinangwa 2:

h ₂ = 1/2 gt _{​​​​2} ²

1 = 1/2 = ₂ ²

(2)(1) = gt ₂ ²

2 = gt ₂ ²

2/g = t ₂ ²

t ₂ = √2/g

Chiyero chenguva dzinoenderana:

t ₁ : t ₂

√4/g : √2/g

(√4/g) ² : (√2/g) ²

4/g : 2/g

4: 2

2: 1

5. Chinhu chinodonha kubva pakakwirira kwe h pamusoro penyika. Kumhanya kwekupedzisira kana chinhu charova pasi i10 m/s. Ndeipi nguva inosvika ½ h pamusoro penyika. Kumhanya kunokonzerwa negiravhiti i10 m/s ².

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (v _t ) = 10 m/s

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Zvinodiwa: Nguva yekusvika 1/2 awa pamusoro pevhu

Solution:

Kureba kwe h:

v _t ² = 2 gh

10 ² = 2 (10) maawa

100 = maawa makumi maviri

h = 100/20

h = mamita mashanu

Kureba kwehafu yeawa = 1/2 (mamita mashanu) = 2.5 metres. Nguva inodiwa kuti isvike 2.5 metres pamusoro pevhu:

h = 1/2 gt ^{​​​​2}

2.5 = 1/2 (10) t ²

2.5 = 5 t ²

t ² = 2.5 / 5 = 0.5 = (0.25)(2)

t = √(0.25)(2) = 0.5√2 = 1/2 √2 masekonzi

6.

Kufamba kwekokonati pasina kudonha ( mufananidzo 1 ) uye kufamba kwebhora rakakandwa rakamira kusvika panzvimbo yakakwirira nemudzidzi (mufananidzo e 2). Sarudza rudzi rwekufamba kwese kuri kuviri.

Solution:

Mufananidzo 1 = kufamba kwemahara kwekuwa = Kukurumidza

Mufananidzo 2 = kufamba kwakamira = Kuderera kwesimba remagetsi

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti A.

7. Dombo rinodonha zvakasununguka kubva muchivako. Nguva inodiwa nedombo kuti risvike pasi imasekondi matatu uye kumhanya nekuda kwesimba rinokwevera pasi i10 m/s ² . Sarudza kukwirira kwechivako.

A. 15 m

B. 20 m

C. 30 m

D. 45 m

Zvinozivikanwa:

Nguva yepakati (t) = masekondi gumi nemashanu

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 ms ^-2

Zvinodiwa: Kureba kwechivako (h)

Solution:

Zvinozivikanwa: nguva (t) uye kukurumidza nekuda kwegiravhiti (g), kudiwa: kureba (h) saka shandisa equation yekufamba kwemahara kwekuwa: h = ½ gt ²

h = ½ (10)(3)

h = (5)(3)

h = mamita gumi nemashanu

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti A.

8. Muchero unodonha kubva pamuti wawo wakareba mamita gumi nemaviri kubva pasi. Kana kukwira kwemvura nekuda kwegiravhiti kuri g = 10 m/s ² uye kukweshana kwemhepo kukasatariswa, saka tarisa kureba kwemuchero uri pamusoro pevhu mushure mesekondi imwe chete.

A. 7 m

B. 6 m

C. 5 m

D. 4 m

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwemuti (h) = mamita gumi nemaviri

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Nguva yenguva (t) = sekondi imwe chete

Zvinodiwa: Kureba kwemuchero pamusoro pevhu

Solution:

Mushure mesekondi imwe chete, michero haidonhe kusvika pa:

h = ½ gt ² = ½ (10)(1) ² = (5)(1) = mamita mashanu

Kureba kwemuchero pamusoro pevhu mushure mesekondi imwe chete:

Mamita gumi nemaviri - mamita mashanu = mamita manomwe

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti A.

1. Chii chinonzi kufamba kwemahara kwekuwa?

   Mhinduro : Kufamba kwemahara kwemvura kunoreva kufamba kwechinhu chiri pasi pesimba regiravhiti chete, pasina mamwe masimba (senge kudzivirira kwemhepo) achishanda pachiri.

2. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti, kunowanzomiririrwa sei se $g$, zvinokanganisa chinhu chinodonha zvakasununguka here?

   Mhinduro : Zvinhu zvese zviri mukudonha kwakasununguka pedyo nepasi zvinosangana nekumhanya nguva dzose nekuda kwegiravhiti, $g$ , iyo iri inenge 9.81 m/s ² pasi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kumhanya kwechinhu kunowedzera nehuwandu uhwu pasekondi yega yega yekudonha kwakasununguka.

3. Kana kuramba kwemhepo kuri kushoma, huremu hwechinhu hunokanganisa sei kukurumidza kwacho kwekudonha kwakasununguka?

   Mhinduro : Kana pasina kudzivirira kwemhepo, huremu hwechinhu hahukanganisi kukurumidza kwayo kudonha. Zvinhu zvese, zvisinei nehuremu hwazvo, zvichadonha nekukurumidza kwakafanana nekuda kwesimba rinokwevera pasi, $g$.

4. Sei vatyairi vendege vachiratidzika kunge vanoyangarara mukati meInternational Space Station (ISS) kana simba regiravhiti richiripo imomo?

   Mhinduro : Vatyairi vendege vari muISS vanoita sevari kubhururuka kwete nekuti hapana simba rinokwevera pasi, asi nekuti vese vatyairi vendege neISS vari muchimiro chekudonha kwakasununguka nguva dzose vachitenderera Nyika. Vari kudonha nekukurumidza kwakafanana neISS, zvichiita kuti vanzwe vasina huremu.

5. Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pehuremu nehuremu kana tichitarisa kuwa kwemahara?

   Mhinduro : Huremu chinhu chinoyera huwandu hwechinhu chiri muchinhu uye chinoramba chakafanana pasinei nenzvimbo yacho. Huremu, kune rumwe rutivi, isimba rinoshandiswa pachinhu nekuda kwesimba rinokwevera pasi. Rinosiyana zvichienderana nesimba rinokwevera pasi. Munguva yekudonha kwakasununguka, chinhu chinonzwa chisina huremu nekuti hapana simba rakajairika rinoita basa pachiri, asi huremu hwacho hunoramba hwakachinja.

6. Kana chinhu chikakandwa mudenga, chii chinoitika kumhanya kwacho pachinokwira? Uye chii chinoitika pachinotanga kudonha pasi zvakare?

   Mhinduro : Kana chinhu chikakandwa mudenga, chinoderera simba kana chakanganiswa negiravhiti. Kumhanya kwacho kunoderera kusvika chava zero panzvimbo yacho yepamusoro. Pachinotanga kudonha pasi, chinowedzera simba nekuda kwegiravhiti, zvichiwedzera kumhanya kwacho munzira yekudzika.

7. Chii chinonzi terminal velocity kana tichitarisa free fall?

   Mhinduro : Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (terminal velocity) ndiko kumhanya kwepamusoro kunosvika chinhu chinodonha kana simba rekudzika regiravhiti rakaenzana nesimba remhepo rinokwira. Panguva ino, chinhu hachichamhanyi uye chinoramba chichidonha nekumhanya kusingagumi.

8. Kureba kunowira chinhu kubva pachiri kunokanganisa sei nguva yachinotora kusvika pasi?

   Mhinduro : Nguva inotorwa kuti chinhu chisvike pasi inoenderana nemidzi yekukwirira kwachinowira (tichifunga kuti hapana kudzivirira kwemhepo). Chinhu chinodonha kubva pakakwirira chinotora nguva yakareba kuti chisvike pasi pane chinodonha kubva pakakwirira pfupi.

9. Chii chinoitika kune simba rinogona kuwanikwa nechinhu kana chichidonha zvakasununguka pasi pesimba rinokwevera pasi?

   Mhinduro : Sezvo chinhu chichiwira pasi pesimba rinokwevera pasi, simba racho (kana richienderana nepasi) rinoderera. Kudzikira uku kwesimba rinoshanduka kuita simba remagetsi, zvichiita kuti kumhanya kwechinhu kuwedzere.

10. Kana zvinhu zviviri zvemaumbirwo akasiyana asi huremu hwakafanana zvikadonhedzwa kubva pakukwirira kwakafanana mu vacuum, chii chinotanga charova pasi?

Mhinduro : Munzvimbo isina mhepo inopindwa nemhepo, zvinhu zvese zvinorova pasi panguva imwe chete. Chimiro chazvo hachizokoshi nekuti simba remagetsi rinokwevera zvinhu pasi chete, uye huwandu hwazvo hwakafanana.