Te Āwhina a te Tātaritanga whetū i te Rererangi
Ko te rererangi tētahi o ngā hurihanga nui rawa atu o te kawe waka o ēnei rā, ā, he nui tōna pānga ki te huarahi e neke ai tātou me te taunekeneke ai. Heoi, ko te mea kāore pea i te tino mōhiotia ko te āhua o te mahi a te mātauranga whetū, e kiia whānuitia ana ko te ako i ngā tinana o te rangi, i roto i te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga me te whakatairanga i te rererangi. Ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te whakatere, te rangahau āhuarangi, me te hangarau matatau e kī ana he tata rawa atu te whanaungatanga i waenga i te mātauranga whetū me te rererangi i tō te whakaaro o mua.
Whakatere
Ko te whakatere te āhuatanga matua o te mahi a te whetū i roto i te rererangi. Mō ngā rautau, kua whakawhirinaki te tangata ki ngā whetū mō te whakatere moana. Nā te whanaketanga o te hangarau me te pūtaiao, kua whakamahia ngā mātāpono ōrite ki te rererangi.
I ngā rā tōmua o te rererangi, i mua i te Pūnaha Tūnga Ao (GPS), i whakawhirinaki ngā pailate ki te whakatere whetū hei whakatau i tō rātou tūranga i a rātou e rere ana i te pō, i runga rānei i ngā moana whānui. I whakamahia he ine ira, he taputapu e whakamahia ana hoki i runga i ngā kaipuke, hei ine i te koki i waenga i ngā whetū me te pae tawhiti hei whakatau i te whānui me te roa. He mea nui tēnei whakatere mō ngā rerenga tawhiti.
I te whanaketanga o te hangarau, kua whakakapia e ngā pūnaha whakatere amiorangi pērā i te GPS te whakatere whetū tuku iho. Heoi, ko te GPS tonu te hua o te mātauranga e tipu haere ana i roto i te arorangi. Ko ngā amiorangi GPS e hangai ana ki ngā mātāpono tika o te ahupūngao ātea, tae atu ki te ariā whanaungatanga a Einstein.
Rangahau Āhuarangi
He mea nui te āhuarangi ina kōrerohia te rererangi. Ko te āhuarangi o tō tātou ao he paparanga hau e karapoti ana i a Papatūānuku, ā, he maha ngā wāhanga me ngā paparanga e pā ana ki te rere o ngā waka rererangi. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pēhanga o te āhuarangi, te pāmahana, te haumākū, te hau, me ērā atu mea. Mā te rangahau ka āwhina te mātai whetū i a tātou ki te mārama ki te āhuarangi o Papatūānuku.
Hei tauira, ka whakamahia e ngā tohunga whetū ngā karu tiro me ētahi atu hangarau hei ako i ngā āhuarangi o ētahi atu aorangi, me te whakarite i a rātou ki ō te Ao. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei rangahau he māramatanga whai hua mō te mahi a tō tātou ake āhuarangi me te pānga ki te rererangi. Kei roto i tēnei ko te mārama ki ngā tauira hau rere, ngā tupuhi, me te awhiowhio o te hau, e pā ana ki ngā huarahi rere me te whakamarie o ngā pāhihi.
He nui hoki te awe o te hangarau huarere o ēnei rā i te arorangi whetū. Ko ngā amiorangi huarere , e whakatauhia ana ō rātou porowhita i runga i ngā tātaitanga whetū, e whakarato ana i ngā raraunga wā-tūturu e tika ana mō te matapae huarere me te tātari āhuarangi. Ka whakamahia ēnei raraunga e ngā kamupene rererangi hei whakamahere huarahi me te karo rautaki i ngā āhuatanga huarere kino ka pā ki te haumaru o te rere.
Hangarau Rererangi Matatau
Ehara i te mea ko te arorangi anake te mea e āwhina ana i a tātou ki te mārama ki te taiao rererangi, engari e akiaki ana hoki i ngā whanaketanga hangarau e whakamahia ana i roto i te umanga rererangi. He maha ngā hangarau matatau i whakawhanakehia i te tuatahi mō ngā misioni ātea e whakamahia ana i ēnei rā i roto i ngā waka rererangi arumoni me ngā waka rererangi hōia.
Hei tauira, kua tere te whanaketanga o ngā pūnaha whakahaere rererangi aunoa (autopilots) whai muri i te rangahau mō te whakahaere rererangi ā-mokowā a NASA. Mā ēnei pūnaha ka taea e ngā waka rererangi te rere motuhake me te iti o te wawaotanga a ngā pailate, he mea tino āwhina i ngā rerenga tawhiti, ā, ka āwhina hoki ki te whakaiti i te kawenga mahi a ngā pailate.
He mea nui anō hoki te hangarau rauemi. Ko ngā rauemi hiato māmā engari kaha, pērā i te muka waro me ētahi rauemi whakarewa i hangaia mō ngā waka rererangi, kei te whakamahia inaianei i roto i te hoahoa waka rererangi arumoni. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā waka rererangi te whakamahi pai ake i te wahie, ā, ka taea hoki te hanga hoahoa aerodynamic.
Pūnaha Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero me te Mātakitaki
I roto i te ao whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, kua tino angitu te ao whetū i te ao rererangi. Ko ngā pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero matatau e whakamahia ana e ngā waka rererangi hei whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki ngā pourewa whakahaere me ngā amiorangi whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, he hua nō te rangahau whetū ki ngā ngaru reo irirangi me ngā ngaru hikohiko. Mā ēnei pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ka noho haumaru, ka whakahaeretia hoki ngā rerenga, ahakoa he mano kiromita te tawhiti mai i uta.
Hei tāpiritanga, kua whakawhanakehia e te ao whetū ngā hangarau tirotiro maha e whakamahia ana i roto i te tirotiro rererangi. Ko ngā pūnaha radar me te LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), i hangaia i te tuatahi hei aroturuki i ngā mea o te rangi, kua whakamahia inaianei hei aroturuki i ngā waka rererangi me te karo i ngā tukinga i waenganui o te rangi. Ko ngā auahatanga i roto i te hangarau kāmera me te pūoko e whakamahia ana e ngā karu tirohanga ātea kua whakamahia hoki ki ngā pūnaha tirotiro rererangi hei whakatutuki i te haumaru teitei.
Rangahau Teitei
He maha ngā wā ka rere ngā waka rererangi i ngā teitei teitei, he rerekē rawa ngā āhuatanga o te hau i ērā i te mata o Papatūānuku. Kua whai wāhi nui ngā rangahau whetū o te hau o runga ki tō tātou māramatanga ki te whanonga o ngā waka rererangi i ēnei teitei.
Mā te arorangi whetū ka mārama ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā hihi o te rangi i te tihi o te āhuarangi, me pēhea te whakatau i aua mea, he mea nui tēnei mō ngā rererangi arumoni me ngā rererangi hōia e mahi ana i aua teitei. Mā te rangahau arorangi mō te aurora borealis, e puta ana i te āhuarangi o runga i muri i te taunekeneke a ngā matūriki o te rā ki te papa aukume o te Ao , ka whakaratohia hoki he kōrero nui mō te taunekeneke o ngā matūriki kaha-tiketike ki te āhuarangi, he mea nui tēnei mō te hoahoa waka rererangi me te amiorangi.
Whakamutunga
Ahakoa te āhua rerekē o ngā mara e rua o te arorangi me te rererangi, he tata tonu te hononga. Mai i te whakatere i runga i ngā whetū i ngā wā o mua o te rererangi ki te hangarau GPS matatau, mai i ngā rangahau āhuarangi e āwhina ana ki te mārama ki te huarere me te aueue ki te hangarau rauemi me ngā pūnaha tirotiro, he nui te awe o te arorangi ki te rererangi.
Kāore e kore, mā te whanaketanga hangarau me ngā rangahau anō i ngā mara e rua, ka tipu tonu te mahi tahi i waenga i te arorangi me te rererangi. Mā tēnei ka whakatakoto huarahi mō te auahatanga nui ake, ka whakapai ake i te haumaru me te whai huatanga o te rere, ā, ka homai he māramatanga hohonu ake ki te taiao e nohoia ana e tātou, e haereerea ana hoki i ia rā. Ehara i te mea ka āwhina noa te arorangi i a tātou ki te mārama ki te ao whānui i tua atu, engari he mahi nui anō hoki tāna i roto i tā tātou haerenga i roto i ngā rangi mutunga kore i runga ake i a tātou.
