Izimiso Zokubambisana: Isisekelo Nokusetshenziswa Kwezomnotho
Ama-cooperative awuhlobo lwebhizinisi olunezici ezihlukile, okungukuthi aphathwa ngentando yeningi futhi aphethwe ngamalungu awo. Esimweni sezomnotho, ama-cooperative adlala indima ebalulekile ngoba, ngaphezu kokusebenza njengezinhlangano zezomnotho, anemigomo eqinile yezenhlalo. Izimiso zokubambisana ziyisisekelo esizihlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo zebhizinisi, njengezinkampani ezizimele noma amabhizinisi omphakathi. Lesi sihloko sizogxila kakhulu ezimisweni zokubambisana nokuthi zisetshenziswa kanjani esimweni sezomnotho sanamuhla.
1. Incazelo kanye nomlando omfushane wama-Cooperatives
I-cooperative yinhlangano yebhizinisi ephethwe futhi iqhutshwa ngabantu ngabanye ngenxa yenzuzo evamile. Le modeli yaqala ukwethulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 ngabacabangi bezenhlalo nezomnotho eYurophu ababekhathazekile ngezimo zokusebenza nezomnotho zomphakathi ngaleso sikhathi. Isibonelo sokuqala se-cooperative kwakuyiRochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers, eyasungulwa eNgilandi ngo-1844. Babengabokuqala ukwakha izimiso eziningana zokubambisana kamuva ezaba umhlahlandlela wenhlangano yokubambisana emhlabeni jikelele.
2. Izimiso Zokubambisana
Izimiso zokubambisana eziqashelwa emhlabeni wonke, njengoba zamukelwe yi-International Co-operative Alliance (ICA), zihlanganisa izici eziningana ezibalulekile:
a. Ubulungu Bokuzithandela Nobuvulekile
Ama-cooperative avulekele bonke abafisa ukuwasebenzisa futhi abazimisele ukwamukela imithwalo yemfanelo yobulungu, ngaphandle kokubandlululwa ngokusekelwe kubulili, isimo senhlalo, uhlanga, ezombusazwe, noma inkolo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ubani ovumelana nemigomo nezimiso ze-cooperative angajoyina futhi abe yilungu.
b. Ukulawulwa Kwamalungu Edemokhrasi
Ama-cooperative abuswa ngentando yeningi ngamalungu ahlanganyela ngenkuthalo ekwenzeni izinqubomgomo nasekuthathweni kwezinqumo. Lolu hlelo lokwenza izinqumo ngokuvamile lusekelwe esimisweni esithi "ilungu elilodwa, ivoti elilodwa," okusho ukuthi ilungu ngalinye linamalungelo okuvota alinganayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi linikela ngemali engakanani.
c. Ukuhlanganyela Kwamalungu Kwezomnotho
Amalungu e-cooperative anikela ngokulinganayo enhlokodolobha ye-cooperative futhi alawula leyo nhlokodolobha ngentando yeningi. Ilungu ngalinye livame ukuba nelungelo lokuthola isinxephezelo esilinganiselwe, uma sikhona, senhlokodolobha abayinikelayo njengombandela wobulungu. Inzuzo etholakala yi-cooperative ivame ukwabelwa amalungu ngokulingana nokuthengiselana kwawo noma iminikelo yawo ku-cooperative noma esetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa i-cooperative.
d. Ukuzimela Nokuzimela
Ama-cooperative ayizinhlangano ezizimele, eziphethwe ngamalungu azo. Uma ama-cooperative engena ezivumelwaneni nezinye izinhlangano, okuhlanganisa nohulumeni, noma efuna imali evela emithonjeni yangaphandle, kumele enze kanjalo ngemibandela eqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwentando yeningi ngamalungu futhi alondoloze ukuzimela kwe-cooperative.
e. Imfundo, Ukuqeqeshwa, kanye Nolwazi
Ama-cooperative ahlinzeka ngemfundo nokuqeqeshwa kwamalungu awo, abameleli abakhethiwe, abaphathi, kanye nabasebenzi ukuze bakwazi ukufaka isandla ngempumelelo ekuthuthukisweni kwamabhizinisi abo. Aphinde azise umphakathi jikelele, ikakhulukazi intsha kanye nabaholi bemibono, ngokuba khona kanye nezinzuzo zama-cooperative.
f. Ukubambisana Phakathi Kwabasebenzisanayo
Ama-cooperative akhonza amalungu awo ngempumelelo enkulu futhi aqinisa ukunyakaza kokubambisana ngokusebenzisana ngezinhlaka zendawo, zezwe, zesifunda, nezamazwe ngamazwe.
g. Ukukhathazeka Ngomphakathi
Ama-cooperative asebenzela intuthuko esimeme yemiphakathi yawo ngezinqubomgomo ezivunyiwe ngamalungu.
3. Ukuqaliswa Kwezimiso Zokubambisana Emnothweni
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimiso zokubambisana kungahluka kuye ngesimo senhlalo nezomnotho lapho inhlangano yokubambisana isebenza khona. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, nazi ezinye izindlela ezisetshenziswa ngazo lezi zimiso:
a. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamalungu
Ama-cooperative avame ukusebenza njengamathuluzi okunika amandla amalungu awo. Isibonelo, izinyunyana zezikweletu zinikeza ukufinyelela kwezinsizakalo zezimali kubantu abangase babe nobunzima bokufanelekela ukuxhaswa ngezimali ezikhungweni zezimali zendabuko. Ngokunikeza amalungu ukufinyelela emalini, ama-cooperative asiza ekunikezeni amandla okuthuthukisa izimo zawo zomnotho.
b. Intuthuko Yezomnotho Wendawo
Ama-cooperative avame ukugxila ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wendawo futhi angasebenza njengabaqhubi bokukhula komnotho emiphakathini asebenza kuyo. Ngokuthenga nokuthengisa imikhiqizo yendawo, ama-cooperative asiza ekuqiniseni nasekudaleni imisebenzi endaweni.
c. Ukusimama kanye Nomthwalo Wemfanelo Womphakathi
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-cooperative aqhutshwa ngamalungu awo futhi azuzisa wona, avame ukuqhutshwa kakhulu yizindinganiso futhi ngenxa yalokho anethuba elikhulu lokusebenzisa imikhuba yebhizinisi esimeme nenesibopho emphakathini. Lokhu kungafaka ukugxila emikhiqizweni enobungani nemvelo, ukunciphisa ukushaqeka kwekhabhoni, noma ukusekela izinhlelo zomphakathi emiphakathini yawo.
d. Imfundo Nokuthuthukiswa Kwamakhono
Ngokuhlinzeka ngokufinyelela ekuqeqeshweni nasemfundweni, ama-cooperative athuthukisa amakhono kanye namandla amalungu awo. Lokhu akuzuzisi amalungu kuphela kodwa futhi kuqinisa i-cooperative uqobo kanye nemiphakathi esebenza kuyo.
4. Izinselele kanye Namathuba Okubambisana Ezweni Lanamuhla
Nakuba ama-cooperatives edlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni womhlaba, abhekene nezinselelo eziningana. Ubukhulu bawo bokusebenza obuncane uma buqhathaniswa nezinkampani ezinkulu buvame ukuvimbela ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuncintisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-cooperatives kumele abhekane nezinselelo zomthetho kanye nenqubomgomo ezingahluka kuye ngezwe.
Kodwa-ke, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-cooperative anikeza amathuba abalulekile ezweni lanamuhla. Izinkinga ezifana nokusimama, ukuziphatha kwebhizinisi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho wendawo ziya ngokuya zibaluleke kakhulu enkathini yanamuhla. Ama-cooperative, ngokwemvelo yawo, asesimweni esihle sokuphendula kulezi zindlela. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe, ukuthuthukisa ukubambisana phakathi kwama-cooperative, kanye nokuguqula njalo amasu awo ebhizinisi ukuze avumelane nezidingo nezindinganiso zanamuhla, ama-cooperative angaqhubeka nokukhula futhi abe amandla abalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komnotho kanye nomphakathi.
5. Isiphetho
Izimiso zokubambisana azizona nje iziqondiso zokusebenza, kodwa kunalokho ziyisisekelo sefilosofi esakha indlela ama-cooperative asebenza futhi asebenzisana ngayo namalungu awo kanye nemiphakathi ewazungezile. Phakathi kwezinselele zomnotho womhlaba wonke, ama-cooperative anikeza imodeli eqhubekayo nehlanganisa wonke umuntu engazuzisi amalungu awo kuphela kodwa nomphakathi obanzi. Ngokunamathela kulezi zimiso, ama-cooperative angabhekana nezinselele zesikhathi futhi asebenzise amathuba akhona ukuze anikele kakhulu emnothweni womhlaba.
