Incazelo ye-Cooperative
I-cooperative yibhizinisi eliphethwe futhi liqhutshwa yiqembu labantu ngenhloso yokuhlangabezana nezidingo zabo zezomnotho, zenhlalo, nezamasiko kanye nezifiso ngebhizinisi eliphethwe ngentando yeningi. Njengemodeli yebhizinisi eyingqayizivele, ama-cooperative ahlose ukuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yamalungu awo ngezimiso zobunye nokuzimela. Ku-cooperative, ilungu ngalinye linamalungelo okuvota alinganayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imali enikelwe ingakanani. Lokhu kuhlukile enkampanini evamile, lapho ithonya lamalungu livame ukulingana nenani lamasheya aphethwe.
Umlando kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Kwama-Cooperatives
Umqondo wama-cooperatives waqala eYurophu ngekhulu le-19, ngesikhathi seNguquko Yezimboni, lapho abasebenzi abaningi babebhekene nezimo zokusebenza ezingezinhle kanye nokungazinzi komnotho. I-Rochdale Cooperative, eyasungulwa eNgilandi ngo-1844, ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi iphayona lama-cooperatives anamuhla. Abasunguli bayo, abaziwa ngokuthi amaRochdale Pioneers, bakha izimiso zokubambisana ezamukelwa kabanzi kamuva yinhlangano yama-cooperative emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-cooperative akhule ngokushesha futhi athola udumo emhlabeni wonke njengezixazululo ezihlangene zezinkinga zomnotho nezenhlalo. Emazweni amaningi, ama-cooperative aseyingxenye ebalulekile yomnotho, enikela emikhakheni efana nezolimo, izindlu, ezezimali kanye nezimpahla ezisetshenziswa ngabathengi.
Izimiso Zokubambisana
Ama-cooperative asebenza ngokusekelwe ezimisweni eziyisisekelo eziqondisa yonke imisebenzi yawo. Lezi zimiso zimi kanje:
1. Ubulungu Obuzimele Nobuvulelekile: Ubulungu kuma-cooperative bungokuzithandela futhi buvulelekile kubo bonke abantu abakwazi ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zokubambisana futhi abazimisele ukwamukela imithwalo yemfanelo yokuba yilungu, ngaphandle kokubandlululwa ngokobulili, ngokwezenhlalo, ngokobuhlanga, ngokwezepolitiki noma ngokwenkolo.
2. Ukulawulwa Kwamalungu Entando Yeningi: Ama-cooperative ayizinhlangano zentando yeningi ezilawulwa ngamalungu azo, ahlanganyela ngenkuthalo enkambisweni yokwenza izinqumo. Ilungu ngalinye linamalungelo alinganayo okuvota.
3. Ukubamba iqhaza Kwezomnotho Kwamalungu: Amalungu anikela ngokulinganayo enhloko-dolobha ye-cooperative futhi ayisebenzisele inzuzo yomphakathi. Ingxenye yesabelomali esengeziwe ibekwa njengezimali ezigciniwe, ukuthuthukisa i-cooperative, kanye nokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yamalungu.
4. Ukuzimela kanye Nenkululeko: Ama-cooperative ayizinhlangano ezizimele ezilawulwa ngamalungu azo. Uma engena ezivumelwaneni namanye amaqembu noma eqoqa imali yangaphandle, enza kanjalo ngendlela egcina ukulawula kwamalungu kanye nokuzimela kwe-cooperative.
5. Imfundo, Ukuqeqeshwa, kanye Nolwazi: Ama-Cooperative ahlinzeka ngemfundo nokuqeqeshwa kumalungu awo, abaphathi, abaphathi, kanye nabasebenzi ukuze bakwazi ukufaka isandla ngempumelelo ekuthuthukisweni kokubambisana. Anesibopho sokwazisa umphakathi jikelele ngohlobo kanye nezinzuzo zama-cooperative.
6. Ukubambisana Phakathi Kwama-Cooperatives: Ama-Cooperatives akhonza amalungu awo ngempumelelo enkulu futhi aqinisa ukunyakaza kwama-cooperative ngokusebenzisana ngezinhlaka zasendaweni, zezwe, zesifunda kanye nezamazwe ngamazwe.
7. Ukukhathalela Umphakathi: Ama-Cooperatives anikela ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwemiphakathi yawo ngezinqubomgomo ezivunyelwene ngazo ngamalungu.
Izinhlobo Zama-Cooperative
Ama-cooperative angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana ngokusekelwe emisebenzini yawo, okuhlanganisa:
1. Ama-Consumer Cooperatives: Akhonza izidingo zamalungu awo zansuku zonke zezimpahla nezinsizakalo. Izibonelo zemikhiqizo evame ukunikezwa zifaka phakathi ukudla nezinye izidingo zasekhaya.
2. Ama-Cooperative Abakhiqizi: Amalungu angosomabhizinisi noma abakhiqizi abahlangana ndawonye ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokumaketha kwemikhiqizo yabo. La ma-cooperative avame ukutholakala emikhakheni yezolimo neyokudala.
3. Ama-Cooperative Okonga Nemalimboleko: Ahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zezimali ngendlela yokonga nemalimboleko kumalungu awo anezinga lenzalo eliphansi kunezikhungo zezimali ezivamile.
4. I-Marketing Cooperative: Ihlose ukuqoqa, ukucubungula kanye nokumaketha imikhiqizo yamalungu ukuze ikwazi ukuncintisana emakethe.
5. Ama-Cooperative Ezinsizakalo: Ahlinzeka ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsizakalo ezidingwa amalungu awo, njengemfundo, ukuqeqeshwa, impilo kanye nezokuthutha.
Izinzuzo Zemifelandawonye Yamalungu Nemiphakathi
Ukuba khona kwama-cooperatives kunikeza izinzuzo ezahlukahlukene kumalungu ayo kanye nomphakathi ozungezile, okuhlanganisa:
– Ukuthuthukisa Inhlalakahle Yezomnotho: Ngokuhlanganisa izinsiza kanye namandla amalungu, ama-cooperative angavula amathuba ebhizinisi amasha, andise ukusebenza kahle, futhi aqinisekise amanani angcono emikhiqizo nezinsizakalo.
– Imfundo Nokunika Amandla: Ama-cooperative asiza amalungu awo ukuthuthukisa amakhono nolwazi olufanele, okwandisa ikhono lawo lokuphatha amabhizinisi azimele.
– Ukuhlinzekwa Kwezinsizakalo Zezezimali Ezifanele: Ngama-cooperative okonga nemali mboleko, amalungu athola ukufinyelela ezinsizeni zezimali ezingabizi kakhulu, okuvimbela ukuncika ezikhungweni zezimali zezentengiselwano ezingase zikhokhise amazinga enzalo aphezulu.
– Intuthuko Yomphakathi: Ngokugxila ekunakekelweni komphakathi, ama-cooperative anegalelo ekuthuthukisweni komphakathi okusimeme kanye nokuchuma okwabelana ngakho.
Izinselele kanye namathemba ezinkampani zokubambisana
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zazo eziningi, ama-cooperative abhekene nezinselelo ezahlukahlukene okumele zinqotshwe ukuze zisinde futhi zichume. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuphathwa okungenabo ubungcweti, imali elinganiselwe, izinselelo zehhovisi, kanye nezinguquko kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nemakethe.
Kodwa-ke, ngentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe bolwazi, ama-cooperative anethuba lokwandisa ukufinyelela kwawo nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinsizakalo kumalungu awo. Ukwenziwa kwedijithali kanye namapulatifomu aku-inthanethi kuvula amathuba ama-cooperative okukhulisa ukuncintisana kwawo, isibonelo ngezinsizakalo ze-e-commerce kanye nezezezimali zedijithali.
Esikhathini esizayo, ama-cooperatives anethemba eliqhakazile njengemodeli yebhizinisi eqhubekayo nehlanganisa wonke umuntu. Ngokunamathela ezimisweni eziyisisekelo kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezinguquko esimweni sezomnotho nesenhlalo, ama-cooperatives angaqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni inhlalakahle yamalungu awo kanye nokwenza umnikelo omuhle emphakathini obanzi.
Isiphetho
Ama-cooperative ayizinhlangano zebhizinisi ezinikeza izixazululo ezahlukahlukene zezomnotho nezenhlalo ngendlela ehlukile kunezamabhizinisi avamile. Ngezimiso ezifana nobulungu bokuzithandela, ukulawulwa kwentando yeningi, kanye nokubamba iqhaza kwezomnotho kwamalungu, ama-cooperative ayithuluzi eliphumelelayo lokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yamalungu awo kanye nemiphakathi yawo.
Ngenxa yezinselelo namathuba akhona, ama-cooperative kumele aqhubeke nokuqamba izinto ezintsha nokuzivumelanisa nezikhathi ezishintshayo ukuze ahlale efanele futhi ephumelela ekuthuthukiseni umphakathi ngezixazululo ezihlanganisa wonke umuntu neziqhubekayo. Ngokubambisana okuqinile kanye nobumbano phakathi kwamalungu awo, ama-cooperative anamandla amakhulu okwakha umnotho onobulungiswa nolinganayo.
