Isisekelo kanye Nezimiso Zokubambisana
Ama-cooperative, njengohlobo lwenhlangano yezomnotho eyaziwa kabanzi emhlabeni wonke, adlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komnotho nasekuthuthukiseni inhlalakahle yomphakathi. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izisekelo nezimiso zama-cooperative, ezisebenza njengesisekelo esiyinhloko sokusebenza nokuphathwa kwalezi zinhlangano. Ngokuqonda lezi zimiso eziyisisekelo, singabona ukuthi ama-cooperative asebenza kanjani nokuthi anikela kanjani ekuthuthukisweni komnotho.
Umlando Omfushane Wezinkampani Zokubambisana
Ama-cooperative aqala ukuvela eYurophu ngekhulu le-19 njengempendulo yeNguquko Yezimboni, eyashintsha kakhulu izakhiwo zomnotho. Umphakathi omncane eRochdale, eNgilandi, wasungula i-cooperative yokuqala ngo-1844 ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa izimo zawo zenhlalo nezomnotho. Izimiso ezisetshenziswa yi-cooperative kamuva zaba umhlahlandlela wokwakhiwa kwama-cooperative emhlabeni jikelele.
Inhlangano Yokubambisana
Isisekelo se-cooperative singachazwa njengesisekelo noma izimiso eziyisisekelo ezisekela ukuba khona nokusebenza kwe-cooperative. Lesi sisekelo sakhiwe yizinto ezintathu eziyinhloko:
1. Isisekelo Semibono
Isisekelo semibono yama-cooperatives, ikakhulukazi e-Indonesia, yi-Pancasila, eqondisa yonke imisebenzi kanye nezinqumo zokubambisana. Izimiso eziqukethwe ku-Pancasila, njengobulungiswa bezenhlalo kanye nokucabanga, zisebenza njengesiqondiso sokwenza izinqumo kanye nokuhlela uhlelo lokubambisana.
2. Isisekelo Sesakhiwo
Isisekelo sesakhiwo sihlobene nemithetho nemigomo elawula ukusebenza kwama-cooperatives. E-Indonesia, lesi sisekelo sibekwe kuMthetho No. 25 ka-1992 ophathelene nama-Cooperatives. Lo mthetho uchaza incazelo, izimiso, izinhloso, kanye nemisebenzi yama-cooperatives, kanye nokulawula izindlela zokusungulwa nokuphathwa kwawo.
3. Isisekelo Sokusebenza
Isisekelo sokusebenza kwe-cooperative yizindinganiso nezimiso eziqondisa imisebenzi yayo yansuku zonke. Lezi zimiso zifaka:
– Ubulungu Obuzithandela Nobuvulelekile: Ubulungu ku-cooperative bungokuzithandela futhi buvulelekile kubo bonke abantu abangasebenzisa izinsizakalo ze-cooperative futhi abazimisele ukwamukela imithwalo yemfanelo yobulungu ngaphandle kokubandlulula.
– Ukuphathwa Kwamalungu Edemokhrasi: Ama-cooperative aphathwa ngentando yeningi ngamalungu awo. Ilungu ngalinye linezwi elilinganayo ekwenzeni izinqumo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lingakanani inani lemali eliyitshalile.
– Ukubamba iqhaza Kwezomnotho Kwamalungu: Amalungu e-Cooperative ahlanganyela ngentando yeningi ekulawuleni imali ye-cooperative.
– Ukuzimela kanye Nenkululeko: Ama-cooperative ayizinhlangano ezizimele ezilawulwa ngamalungu azo. Uma engena ezivumelwaneni namanye amaqembu, okuhlanganisa nohulumeni, enza kanjalo ngaphansi kombandela wokuthi aqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwamalungu.
– Imfundo, Ukuqeqeshwa, kanye Nolwazi: Ama-Cooperative ahlinzeka ngemfundo nokuqeqeshwa kwamalungu awo, abaphathi, kanye nabasebenzi ukuze bakwazi ukufaka isandla ngempumelelo.
– Ukubambisana phakathi kwamaCooperatives: AmaCooperatives asebenzisana namanye amaCooperatives ukuqinisa ukunyakaza kwamaCooperatives.
– Ukunakekelwa Komphakathi: Ama-Cooperative alwela ukusebenzela intuthuko esimeme yemiphakathi yawo ngokusebenzisa izinqubomgomo ezivunyiwe ngamalungu awo.
Izimiso Zokubambisana
Ngaphandle kwalezi zisekelo, ama-cooperative alandela nezimiso eziyizici ezikhethekile zalo mkhankaso. Izimiso zama-cooperative zifaka:
1. Isimiso Somndeni
Ama-cooperative asungulwa futhi aphathwa ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zomndeni. Ilungu ngalinye liphathwa njengengxenye yomndeni omkhulu onemithwalo yemfanelo nemigomo efanayo. Lokhu kudala izibopho eziqinile ngokomzwelo, kukhuthaza ukwethembana, futhi kusiza ukubambisana ekufezeni imigomo efanayo.
2. Isimiso Sobulungiswa
Ubulungiswa buyisimiso esibalulekile kuma-cooperative. Ilungu ngalinye linamalungelo nezibopho ezilinganayo futhi lithola isabelo esifanele senzuzo etholwayo. Ukwabelana ngenzuzo kuvame ukusekelwe ekubambeni iqhaza kwamalungu kwezomnotho, hhayi usayizi wemali.
3. Izimiso Zentando Yeningi
Izimiso zentando yeningi ziyasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwama-cooperative. Wonke amalungu anelungelo lokuveza imibono yawo nokuhlanganyela ekwenzeni izinqumo. Lokhu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuhlangana kwamalungu kanye nohlelo lwevoti elilodwa lelungu elilodwa.
4. Isimiso Sobunye
Ubunye phakathi kwamalungu buyisihluthulelo sempumelelo ye-cooperative. Isimiso sobunye sigcizelela ukubaluleka kokusebenza ndawonye nokusekelana ukuze kufezwe imigomo efanayo. Ngobunye obuqinile, ama-cooperative angabhekana nezinselele nezinkinga ngempumelelo enkulu.
5. Isimiso Sokuzimela
Naphezu kokubambisana namaqembu angaphandle, ama-cooperative agcina ukuzimela njengesimiso esiyinhloko. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kumele akwazi ukusebenza futhi aphile ngaphandle kokuthembela ngokuphelele osizweni lwangaphandle, kungaba ngokwezimali noma ngokwenqubomgomo.
Ukuqaliswa Kwezisekelo Nezimiso Zama-Cooperatives
Ukuqaliswa kwezisekelo nezimiso zama-cooperative kungabonakala ezicini ezahlukene zokuphila kwansuku zonke kokubambisana. Emihlanganweni yamalungu, isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezimiso zentando yeningi nezomndeni kubonakala enkambisweni yokwenza izinqumo ehilela wonke amalungu. Izinqumo zenziwa ngokusekelwe ekuxoxisaneni nasekuvumelaneni, kucatshangelwa izintshisekelo zawo wonke amalungu.
Ngokuphathelene nokuphathwa kwezezimali, izimiso zobulungiswa kanye nokubamba iqhaza kwezomnotho zibonakala ekusatshalalisweni kwe-Operating Surplus (SHU). I-SHU isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngokusekelwe emnikelweni welungu ngalinye, ikhuthaza ukubamba iqhaza okusebenzayo emisebenzini yezomnotho ye-cooperative.
Ama-cooperative nawo akhuthele ekuhlinzekeni ngemfundo nokuqeqeshwa kumalungu awo ukuze athuthukise ulwazi namakhono awo. Lokhu kuwukubonakaliswa okucacile kwezimiso ze-cooperative zemfundo, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nolwazi. Lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali emandleni amalungu kuhlose ukwakha umphakathi oqinile nokusekela ukuzimela kwe-cooperative.
Igalelo Lama-Cooperative Ekuthuthukisweni Komnotho
Ama-cooperative adlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komnotho, emazingeni endawo, kazwelonke, kanye nawomhlaba wonke. Asebenza njengethuluzi lokuqinisa amandla okuxoxisana emiphakathini yesigaba esiphansi futhi asebenza njengebhuloho lokubamba iqhaza okubanzi kwezomnotho. Yonke isimiso sokubambisana kanye nesisekelo senzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinzuzo zijatshulelwa yiwo wonke amalungu, hhayi abambalwa abakhethiwe kuphela.
Isibonelo, emkhakheni wezolimo, ama-cooperative asiza abalimi abancane ukuthi bathole ukufinyelela okungcono ezimakethe nasezinsizeni. Ama-cooperative abathengi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, anikeza imikhiqizo ngamanani angabizi kakhulu futhi akhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwendawo.
Emakethe yomhlaba wonke, ama-cooperative asebenza njengezinhlangano zomnotho ezinganikeza uhlelo lwezomnotho oluhlukile, olunobulungiswa noluzinzile. Ngokubeka phambili inhlalakahle yamalungu kanye nomphakathi, ama-cooperative anamandla okuhlinzeka ngezixazululo enkingeni evamile yokungalingani kwezomnotho.
Isiphetho
Izisekelo nezimiso zama-cooperatives zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwawo kahle nokunikeza izinzuzo ezibonakalayo kumalungu awo. Lezi zimiso ziqinisekisa ukuthi ama-cooperatives ayaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuhambisana nomgomo wawo oyinhloko wokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yamalungu awo kanye nomphakathi. Ngokubeka phambili izindinganiso ezifana nentando yeningi, ubulungiswa, kanye nobumbano, ama-cooperatives angasebenza njengethuluzi lentuthuko yezomnotho ehlanganisa wonke umuntu futhi eqhubekayo. Inhlangano yama-cooperative, uma iphethwe kahle, inamandla amakhulu okunikeza izixazululo ezinseleleni ezahlukene zomnotho ezibhekene nomphakathi womhlaba namuhla.
