Kukosha Kwetsika Dzebasa Muhupenyu Hwezuva Nezuva Hunhu hwebasa hunowanzoonekwa semitemo inoshanda muhofisi chete, muimba yemisangano, kana kana mumwe munhu akapfeka yunifomu yebasa. Zvisinei, tsika dzebasa dzakakura kupfuura kungova gwara repamutemo kubasa. Dzine chekuita zvakananga nemaitiro edu, zvatinoita, zvatinoita, zvatinoita, uye zvatinotora mutoro webasa rinokanganisa... Read more
Kutsoropodzwa kwaPlato kweDemocracy Democracy inowanzoonekwa senzira yehurumende yakarurama nekuti inobvumira vagari kutora chikamu uye inoisa hutongi mumaoko evanhu. Zvisinei, kare kare democracy yemazuva ano isati yatanga, Plato akanga atotsoropodza hurongwa uhwu zvakanyanya. Mumabasa ake—kunyanya Politeia (Republic)—Plato haana kungopokana nekushanda kwedemocracy chete asiwo akataura kuti democracy… Read more
Kuvapo kwemunhu uye Dzidziso yekushaya revo Kuvapo kwemunhu ndeimwe yezvikoro zvine simba zvikuru zvepfungwa dzepfungwa mukugadzirisa ruzivo rwevanhu: kuzvidya mwoyo, rusununguko, sarudzo, uye kutsvaga zvinoreva. Hazvibvunzi zvakanyanya kuti, "Chii chiri musimboti wenyika?" asi kuti, "Zvakaita sei kuva munhu munyika isingape mhinduro nguva dzose?" Munzira, kuvapo kwemunhu kunowanzo sangana nepfungwa ye "kusava nerevo" kana "kusava nerevo"... Read more
Pfungwa yaJohn Stuart Mill yeRusununguko Rwezvematongerwo Enyika John Stuart Mill (1806–1873) aive mumwe wevafungi verusununguko vane simba munhoroondo yehuzivi hwezvematongerwo enyika hwemazuva ano. Pfungwa dzake pamusoro perusununguko hadzina kungoumba tsika yerusununguko rwekare chete asiwo dzakaisa hwaro hwakakosha hwehurukuro dzemazuva ano pamusoro pekodzero dzemunhu, miganhu yesimba renyika, uye hukama huripo pakati perusununguko nedemocracy. Mubasa rake rakakosha… Read more
Zvinoreva Chokwadi Sekureva kwaThomas Aquinas Kukurukurirana nezve "chokwadi" muuzivi kunowanzo tanga nemubvunzo uri nyore asi wakakosha: chii chiripo zvechokwadi, uye tinoziva sei kuti chimwe chinhu ndechechokwadi? Kuna Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274), nyanzvi yezvechitendero uye muzivi ane simba guru wepakati nepakati, chokwadi hachisi kungoonekwa nepfungwa, kana kungori pfungwa chete… Read more
Maonero Ekushandisa Chirango Utilitarianism ndeimwe yedzidziso dzetsika dzine simba guru muuzivi hwetsika nezvematongerwo enyika hwemazuva ano. Pfungwa huru yaro iri nyore: chiito chakarurama kusvika padanho rekuti chinopa zvakanaka kana mufaro mukuru kuvanhu vazhinji. Kana iyi nheyo ikashandiswa panyaya yechirango, utilitarianism inopa imwe nzira yakasiyana uye inowanzo… Read more
Dzidziso yeMutemo Wechisikigo weKururamisira Dzidziso yemutemo wechisikigo weKururamisira ndeimwe yepfungwa dzekare uye dzine simba guru munhoroondo yekufunga kwemutemo. Chaizvoizvo, dzidziso iyi yakavakirwa pakutenda kwekuti mitemo yetsika inowanikwa muhunhu hwevanhu uye kurongeka kwechisikigo, saka, mutemo wechokwadi unofanirwa kuenderana nemiyero iyi. Nemamwe mashoko, mutemo hau... Read more
Kuvapo Kwezvinhu Uye Pfungwa Yechokwadi Kuvapo Kwezvinhu Kwezvinhu Chikoro cheuzivi chinoisa zviitiko zvechokwadi zvevanhu—kushushikana, rusununguko, sarudzo, kusurukirwa, uye mutoro—pakati pehurukuro yacho. Kusiyana nenzira dzeuzivi dzinotsvaga tsananguro yakagadzika yehunhu hwevanhu, kuvapo kwezvinhu kunoramba pfungwa yekuti vanhu vane "chinhu" chakafanotarwa. Mukati meiyi gadziriro, vanhu vanonzwisiswa sezvisikwa zvisingachinji… Read more
Pfungwa yeChitendero muUzivi: Chitendero chimwe chezvinhu zvekare uye zvine simba guru munhoroondo yevanhu. Chinoonekwa muzvitendero, tsika, masangano, uye kunyange zviitiko zvemweya zvakaoma kutsanangura mumutauro wezuva nezuva. Muhupenyu hwemagariro evanhu, chitendero chinogona kuva sosi yetsika dzakanaka, kuzivikanwa kwakafanana, uye simba rinosimudzira shanduko. Zvisinei, chitendero chinogonawo kumutsa mibvunzo yakakosha: … Read more
Dzidziso yaAlfred Schutz yeFenomenological Alfred Schutz (1899–1959) anozivikanwa semumwe wevanhu vakakosha vanobatanidza uzivi hwefenomenology nesainzi yemagariro evanhu, kunyanya sociology. Kunyange hazvo phenomenology yaEdmund Husserl yainyanya kutarisa pachimiro chepfungwa uye kuti zvinhu zvinoonekwa sei muzviitiko, Schutz akaunza nzira iyi muhupenyu hwemazuva ese hwemagariro evanhu. Kuna Schutz, chokwadi chemagariro evanhu hachisi chinhu "chiripo... Read more
