Ngā Koroiti: He Kupu Whakataki Hōhonu
He pūnaha rerekē te kōroiti kei roto ko ngā matū e rua, neke atu rānei, e horapa ōrite ana ngā matūriki iti o tētahi matū puta noa i tētahi atu. Ka neke ēnei matūriki, e mōhiotia ana ko te wāhanga marara, mā roto i te reo marara. He mahi nui tā ngā kōroiti i roto i ngā momo mara, mai i te koiora, te matū, me te ahupūngao ki te hangarau me te rongoā.
Hanganga me te Whakarōpūtanga o ngā Colloids
E rua ngā wāhanga matua o ngā koroid: te wāhanga marara me te reo marara. Ka taea te totoka, te wai, te hau rānei te wāhanga marara, engari ka taea te rite tonu te reo marara. Mā te whakakotahitanga o ēnei wāhanga ka puta he momo koroid rerekē, ka whakarōpūtia i runga i tō rātou wāhanga.
Ngā Momo Colloids i runga i te Wāhanga
1. Āerosol: Ka hangaia ina marara ngā matūriki totoka, wai rānei ki roto i te hau.
– Tauira: Auahi (totoka i roto i te hau), kohu (wai i roto i te hau).
2. Emulsion: He pūnaha e marara ai te wai i roto i tētahi atu wai.
– Tauira: Miraka (ngako i roto i te wai), mayonnaise (hinu i roto i te wai).
3. Ngā rā: Ngā matūriki totoka e marara ana i roto i te wai.
– Ngā Tauira: Peita, waituhi, wairewa koura kōrori.
4. Heri: He pūnaha totoka-haurua e mau ai ngā matūriki wai i roto i tētahi hanganga totoka.
– Ngā tauira: He tiēre, he agar-agar.
5. Huka: Hau e marara ana i roto i te wai, i te totoka rānei.
– Ngā Tauira: Pahu hopi (hau i roto i te wai), māshmallow (hau i roto i te totoka).
Ahakoa he rerekē ngā momo kōrori e hangaia ana i runga i te āhua marara me te reo marara, ko te arotahi matua kei te tohatoha me te hihiri o ngā matūriki i roto i ngā āhua rerekē.
Ngā Āhuatanga o ngā Koroiti
Pānga Tyndall
Ko te pānga Tyndall he āhuatanga e marara ana te mārama e ngā matūriki korōra i a ia e haere ana i roto i tētahi reo rerekē. Mā tēnei pānga ka kitea te ara o ngā hihi mārama i roto i ngā ranunga korōra. Ka whakamahia te pānga Tyndall hei wehewehe i ngā otinga pono mai i ngā pūnaha korōra.
Nekehanga Brownian
Ko te nekehanga Brownian te nekehanga matapōkere o ngā matūriki colloidal i roto i te reo marara. Ka puta tēnei āhuatanga i ngā tukinga koretake i waenga i ngā matūriki colloidal me ngā ngota o te reo marara. Ka āwhina te nekehanga Brownian ki te pupuri i te pumau o te colloid mā te aukati i te whakatōnga o ngā matūriki.
Te mimiti
He nui te horahanga o te mata o ngā matūriki korōra, ā, ka taea e rātou te mimiti i ngā ngota ki runga i ō rātou mata. Ka pā te mimiti ki te pumau o te korōra. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā katote, ngā ngota rānei kua mimiti te whakakore i te utu hiko i runga i te mata o ngā matūriki korōra, ka ārai i te totohu, i te whakakotahi rānei o ngā matūriki.
Te hikohiko
Ko te hikohiko te nekehanga o ngā matūriki korōra i roto i te papa hiko. Ka neke ngā matūriki utu ki ngā irahiko he rerekē ngā utu. Ka whakamahia tēnei tikanga hei wehewehe me te tautuhi i ngā matūriki korōra.
Ngā Whakamahinga o ngā Colloid i te Oranga o Ia Rā
Ahumahi Kai
He mea nui ngā koroid i roto i te umanga kai, hei tauira, i roto i te hanga hua miraka, i ngā ranu, me ngā whakamomona. Ko ngā whakamomona pēnei i te mayonnaise me te pata he tauira e whakatau ana te pumau o te koroid i te kounga o te hua.
Rongoā me te Rongoā
I roto i te umanga rongoā, ka whakamahia ngā korori hei hanga i ngā whakatārewatanga me ngā whakamomona rongoā hei whakapai ake i te wairewatanga me te waatea o ngā matū hohe. Ka āwhina hoki ngā pūnaha tuku rongoā e hangai ana ki te korori ki te tuku tika i ngā rongoā ki ngā pūtau, ki ngā kiko rānei e whai pānga ana.
poke
Ko ngā hua whakapaipai pērā i ngā hinu kiri, ngā kirīmi, me ngā hopi he tauira o ngā whakamahinga korōiti. Ka āwhina ngā hanganga korōiti ki te tohatoha ōrite i ngā kai hohe, me te whakanui ake i te whai huatanga me te mimiti o te hua.
Te Hangarau Whakahaere Taiao
Kei roto ngā koroid i ngā tikanga purenga wai me te maimoatanga wai para. Hei tauira, ko te kaha mimiti o ngā matūriki koroid e āwhina ana ki te tango i ngā poke waro me ngā poke kore-waro mai i te wai. Ka whakamahia hoki ngā tikanga whakapūmau me te whakapūpū e hangai ana ki te koroid i roto i te umanga maimoatanga wai para.
Hangarau Nano
I roto i te hangarau nano, he mea nui te mahi a ngā koroid ki te waihanga me te whakahaere i ngā matūriki nano. He whānui ngā tono a ngā matūriki nano e marara ana i roto i ngā pāpāho koroid i roto i ngā rauemi, ngā hikohiko, me te rongoā koiora.
Ngā Wero me ngā Huarahi ā-Māui
Te Pūmautanga o te Colloidal
Ko tētahi o ngā wero matua o te rangahau korōia ko te pupuri i tōna pumau. Ka piri, ka taupatupatu rānei ngā matūriki korōia mai i ngā otinga korōia. Ko te māramatanga hohonu ake ki ngā tikanga o ngā taunekeneke i waenga i ngā ngota ngota me te whakamahinga o ngā mea whakaū, ngā mea whakaora rānei, he mea nui ki te wikitoria i tēnei wero.
Ngā Colloid i roto i ngā Biopharmaceuticals
He nui ngā whai wāhitanga nui o te whanaketanga o ngā korori i roto i ngā rongoā koiora, hei tauira, i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā pūnaha tuku rongoā tika ake, whai hua ake hoki. Ko ngā wero matua ko te whakahaere i te rahi o te matūriki me te utu o te mata, ā, e rua ēnei e pā ana ki te arotahi me te tauhohenga o ngā pūnaha korori i roto i te tinana.
Ngā Colloid i roto i ngā Rauemi Hou
He painga motuhake ngā koroid i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā rauemi hou, pērā i ngā pūoko, ngā whakakorikori, me ngā rauemi rokiroki pūngao. E tūmanakohia ana kia hangaia he rauemi koroid me ngā mahi me ngā āhuatanga ka taea te whakahaere tika.
Whakamutunga
He pūnaha uaua engari he mea nui ngā colloid, he maha ngā whakamahinga i roto i te oranga o ia rā me te ahumahi. Ko ō rātou āhuatanga ahurei, pērā i te pānga Tyndall, te nekehanga Brownian, te adsorption, me te electrophoresis, he maha ngā whai wāhitanga mō te rangahau me te whanaketanga hangarau. Ko te mārama ki te hanganga, ngā āhuatanga, me ngā whakamahinga o ngā colloid te taahiraa tuatahi ki te whakamahi i te pūmanawa katoa o tēnei āhuatanga.
I runga i ngā whanaketanga hangarau me te whānui haere o te māramatanga pūtaiao, he mārama te āhua o te heke mai o ngā korori, me ngā tūmanakohanga mō te auahatanga i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā mara. Ka whai wāhi nui te rangahau tonu me te mahi tahi a ngā momo marautanga ki te aro atu ki ngā wero me te whakatutuki i te pūmanawa o ngā korori i roto i te ao hou.
Ko te whāinga o tēnei tuhinga he whakarato i te māramatanga hōhonu ki ngā kaipānui mō ngā ariā taketake, ngā āhuatanga, me ngā whakamahinga rerekē o ngā kōrori. Mā tēnei māramatanga nui ake mō ngā kōrori ka huaki te kuaha ki ngā kitenga me ngā mahi auaha nui ake ā muri ake nei.
