Te Hiranga o ngā Toka Pūtake i roto i te Huringa Toka Ko te huringa toka he tukanga taiao tonu e whakaatu ana i te hanganga, te whakarerekētanga, te whakangaromanga, kātahi ka whakahoutia ngā toka o te Ao ki ngā āhua rerekē. I roto i tēnei tukanga ngāwari noa iho, kotahi te ariā matua e warewarehia ana: ko te toka pūtake. Ka taea te mārama ki te toka pūtake hei… Pānuihia atu
Me pēhea te Aromatawai i te Pūmanawa Rauemi Kohuke Ko te aromatawai i te pūmanawa rauemi kohuke he raupapa o ngā mahi pūtaiao, hangarau, me te ōhanga hei whakatau mēnā he putunga kohuke whai hua kei tētahi rohe, tōna whānuitanga, tōna ngāwari ki te keri, me te mea ka taea te mahi i ngā mahi keri i te taha pūtea me te taiao me te taha pāpori. Kāore e taea te... Pānuihia atu
He aha te Āhuatanga o El Niño me tōna Pānga ki te Matawhenua? Ko El Niño tētahi o ngā āhuatanga āhuarangi tino whai mana ki te Ao. Ahakoa he maha ngā kōrero mō te āhuarangi tino kino—pērā i te tauraki roa, te waipuke, te nekehanga rānei o ngā wā—he pānga nui ā-kore a El Niño ki ngā tukanga matawhenua. Ka ako te matawhenua i ngā toka, ngā hanganga papa whenua, ngā puia, me ngā āhua whenua… Pānuihia atu
Ngā Momo Toka Igneous E ai ki te Ihirangi o te Kohuke Ka hangaia ngā toka igneous mā te whakamatao me te whakatiotanga o te magma, o te rangitoto rānei. Ka taea tēnei tukanga te puta i raro i te mata o te Ao (whakauru/plutonic) i runga rānei i te mata o te Ao (whakaputa/pūia). Ahakoa he maha ngā wā ka whakarōpūtia ngā toka igneous i runga i te wāhi i hangaia ai, i te kakano rānei, ko tētahi o ngā tikanga whakarōpūtanga tino nui i roto i te matawhenua ko te ihirangi o te kohuke. … Pānuihia atu
Te Pānga o te Pāmahana me te Pēhanga ki te Hanganga Kohuke Ko te hanganga kohuke he tukanga whenua e puta ana i roto i te wā roa rawa, ā, e pāngia ana e ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ā-matū. Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga tino nui ko te pāmahana me te pēhanga. Mā ēnei āhuatanga ka whakahaere te pumau o te kohuke, ka whakatau i ngā momo kohuke ka taea te hanga, ā, ka whakahaere i te huringa o ngā kohuke tawhito ki ngā mea hou. Pānuihia atu
He aha ngā Anticline me ngā Syncline i roto i te Hanganga Whenua? I roto i te hanganga whenua, ko tētahi o ngā kī ki te mārama ki te hītori o te whakarerekētanga o te kiri o te Ao ko te mōhio me te whakamārama i ngā takai. Ka puta ngā takai ina pāngia ngā paparanga toka i mua he papatahi e te pēhanga, te kutikuti, te whakakotahitanga rānei o ēnei kaha, ka piko ai. Ko ngā momo takai e rua e tino kitea ana me… Pānuihia atu
Me pēhea te Whakatau i te Pūtake o te Parahanga Wai Whenua Ko te wai whenua tētahi o ngā puna wai tino nui mō te oranga o ia rā, inā koa mō ngā hapori e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā puna wai mō te inu, te tunu kai, te kaukau, me te whakamakuku. Heoi, kāore i te haumaru te kounga o te wai whenua i ngā wā katoa. Ka puta puku te parahanga wai whenua, he uaua ki te kite, ā, he maha ngā wā ka kitea i muri i te putanga mai o ngā pānga ki te hauora... Pānuihia atu
Te Hononga i waenga i te Ahupūngao Whenua me te Ahupūngao Whenua Ko te whenua me te ahupūngao Whenua (geophysics) he kaupapa pūtaiao e rua e hono tata ana ki te mārama ki te ao e noho nei tātou. Ko te Ahupūngao Whenua e aro ana ki ngā rauemi e hanga ana i te Whenua, tōna hītori, me ngā tukanga e hanga ana i tōna mata me roto. I taua wā, ka whakamahia e te Ahupūngao Whenua ngā mātāpono o te ahupūngao hei tirotiro i te hanganga, ngā āhuatanga, me ngā hihiri o te Whenua… Pānuihia atu
Ngā Tikanga Ine Ahuwhenua i roto i te Tūhuratanga Whenua Ko ngā tikanga ine ahuwhenua he tikanga whenua ā-tinana e whakamahi ana i ngā rerekētanga o te whakaterenga ā-hauwhenua o te Ao hei whakamārama i ngā āhuatanga o raro i te whenua. I roto i te tūhuratanga whenua—ahakoa mō ngā rangahau kohuke, hinu me te hau, waiariki, hanganga ā-rohe rānei—he mahi nui tā te ine ahuwhenua nā te mea ka taea e ia te whakarato i tētahi pikitia o te rerekētanga o te matotoru o te toka me te kore e hiahiatia he keri. … Pānuihia atu
Te Pānga o te Hanganga o Papatūānuku ki ngā Takahanga Taiao Ehara a Papatūānuku i te mea he pōro toka nui "kore e kōrero" ana i te wāhi. Kei raro i tōna mata āhua pumau kei reira he pūnaha hihiri, maha-paparanga: ko ētahi he totoka, ko ētahi he kirihou, he rite ki te paraoa matotoru, me te pokapū tino wera. Ko tēnei hanganga o roto e whakahaere ana i te nekehanga o te pūngao wera, te nekehanga o ngā pereti... Pānuihia atu