Tikanga mō te Whakarite i te Tahua a te Kāwanatanga
He taputapu nui te Tahua ā-Motu (APBN) mō te whakahaere i te ōhanga o tētahi whenua. I Initonīhia, he mahi nui tā te APBN ki te whakamahere i ngā moni whiwhi me ngā whakapaunga a te kāwanatanga, e whakaata ana i ngā kaupapa matua o ngā kaupapa here me ngā rautaki whanaketanga. Ehara i te mea he tatau noa iho te whakarite APBN, engari he tukanga rautaki e uru ana ngā rōpū maha me te whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga ōhanga, pāpori, me te tōrangapū. E whakamārama ana tēnei tuhinga i te tikanga mō te whakarite APBN i Initonīhia, me ngā mātāpono me ngā wāhanga e whai wāhi ana ki te tukanga.
Ngā Mātāpono o te Whakarite Tahua a te Kāwanatanga
I mua i te matapaki taipitopito i ngā tikanga, he mea nui kia mārama ki ētahi mātāpono matua e pā ana ki te whakarite i te APBN:
1. Te Haepapa me te Māramatanga: Me whakarite e te kāwanatanga kia tika te whakahaere o te tahua a te kāwanatanga ki te marea. He mea nui te māramatanga o te whakarite me te whakatinanatanga o te tahua hei pupuri i te whakawhirinaki o te marea.
2. Te Whai Hua me te Whai Huatanga: Me tohatoha te tahua ki ngā mahi e whakarato ana i ngā painga nui ki te hapori, me te utu iti rawa.
3. Taurite: Ahakoa i roto i te mahi ka puta pinepine ngā hapa tahua, ko te mātāpono o te taurite i waenga i te moni whiwhi me te whakapaunga he aratohu tonu, me te whāinga roa kia tutuki te hauora o te tahua.
4. Ngāwari: Me whakarite te tahua me te nui o te ngāwari kia taea ai te aro atu ki ngā āhuatanga ōhanga me ngā huringa o ngā matea nui puta noa i te tau tahua o nāianei.
5. Te Whai Wāhi: Ko te tukanga whakarite i te APBN e uru ana ki te whai wāhi kaha mai i ngā kaipupuri moni maha, tae atu ki ngā manatū/whare whakahaere, ngā kāwanatanga ā-rohe, me te hapori.
Ngā Wāhanga o te Whakarite Tahua a te Kāwanatanga
Ka taea te wehewehe i te tukanga whakarite APBN i Initonīhia ki ētahi wāhanga matua:
1. Te Whakarite i te Mahere Mahi a te Kāwanatanga (RKP)
Ko te wāhanga tuatahi o te whakarite i te Tahua ā-Motu (APBN) ka tīmata mā te whakarite i te Mahere Mahi a te Kāwanatanga (RKP). Ko te RKP he tuhinga whakamahere ā-tau e whakaatu ana i ngā kaupapa here, ngā kaupapa, me ngā mahi hei whakatinana e te kāwanatanga i roto i te tau pūtea kua whakaritea. I runga i te Mahere Whakawhanake Wā-Waenga ā-Motu (RPJMN) me te aromatawai mahi o te tau o mua, ka hangaia te RKP e Bappenas ( Te Tari Whakamahere Whakawhanake ā-Motu ) ā, ka whakaaetia e te Perehitini. Ko te RKP te pūtake mō te whakarite i te Kaupapa Here Tahua Whānui me te Taupoki Matua Tahua Wāpoto (KUA-PPAS).
2. Te Whakaritenga o te KUA-PPAS
I runga i te RKP, ka whakarite te kāwanatanga i te KUA-PPAS. Ko te Kaupapa Here Tahua Whānui he aratohu e whakaatu ana i ngā kaupapa here tahua , ngā whāinga moni whiwhi, me ngā matapae ōhanga whānui mō te tau tahua e haere ake nei. I taua wā, ko te Taupoki Matua Tahua Wā poto e whakatau ana i ngā herenga whakapaunga mōrahi mō ia rāngai whanaketanga. Kei roto i tēnei tukanga te mahi tahi i waenga i te Manatū Pūtea me Bappenas, me ngā whakaaro mai i ētahi atu manatū/tari.
3. Te Whakarite i ngā Tuhipoka Pūtea me te Tauira Tahua ā-Motu
I muri i te whakaaetia o te KUA-PPAS, ka whakaritea e te Manatū Pūtea te Tuhipoka Pūtea me te Tauira Tahua ā-Motu (RAPBN). Ka whakamāramahia e te Tuhipoka Pūtea ngā kaupapa here pūtea, ngā āhuatanga ōhanga, me ngā whakaaro taketake mō te tahua, ā, kei roto i te RAPBN ngā mahere taipitopito mō ngā moni whiwhi me ngā whakapaunga a te kāwanatanga. I tēnei wā, ka tukuna e ngā minitatanga/whare whakahaere ā rātou tono tahua i runga i ngā kaupapa matua kua whakatūria me ngā tuanui tahua.
4. Te kōrero mō te Tahua Tauira a te Kāwanatanga me te DPR
Kia oti te tuhi, ka tukuna e te Perehitini te tauira tahua ā-motu (RAPBN) ki te Whare o ngā Māngai (DPR) hei whakaaroaro. Kei roto i tēnei tukanga he kōrero nui i waenganui i ngā komihana o te DPR me te kāwanatanga. Ka arotakehia e te DPR, ka hoatu he whakaaro, ā, ka tono pea kia hurihia te tahua kua whakaarohia i mua i te whakaae. Ka whai whakaaro hoki ēnei kōrero ki ngā whakaaro mai i te Kaunihera Māngai Rohe (DPD) e pā ana ki ngā tohatoha tahua mō ngā rohe.
5. Te Whakamanatanga o te Tahua a te Kāwanatanga
Whai muri i te whakaaroaro nui me te whakaae tahi, ka whakamanahia e te Whare o ngā Māngai (DPR) te Tauira Tahua ā-Motu (RAPBN) hei Tahua ā-Motu (APBN). Ko te tikanga ka oti tēnei wāhanga i te mutunga o te tau pūtea o mua. Whai muri i tēnei ko te whakaputanga o te Ture APBN, hei pūtake ture mō te whakatinanatanga o te tahua i te tau e whai ake nei.
Te Whakatinanatanga me te Tirotiro i te Tahua a te Kāwanatanga
Kia whakamanahia te Tahua ā-Motu (APBN), ka riro te kawenga mō te whakatinanatanga o tēnei tahua ki ia manatī/whare whakahaere me te kāwanatanga ā-rohe. I roto i tēnei tukanga, kei reira ngā tikanga aroturuki me te aromatawai hei whakarite kia whakatinanahia te tahua kia rite ki te mahere, kia tutuki hoki ki ngā whakaritenga ture. He mahi tā te Tari Arotake Matua (BPK) me te Tari Tirotiro Pūtea me te Whakawhanake (BPKP) ki te tirotiro me te arotake i te whakatinanatanga o te tahua.
Kei roto hoki i te tirotiro te whai wāhi a te marea, e whakatenatenahia ana mā roto i ngā tikanga mārama o te tahua me te whakarato i ngā mōhiohio e ngāwari ana te uru atu. He mea nui tēnei hei whakatairanga i te kawenga me te whakarite kia whai hua te whakamahinga o te tahua.
Ngā Wero i te Tuhi i te Tahua a te Kāwanatanga
He maha ngā wero e pā ana ki te whakarite i te APBN e hiahia ana kia aro nui atu ki ēnei, tae atu ki:
– Te matapae ōhanga whānui tika: He uaua te whakarite i ngā matapae ōhanga tika, inā koa i roto i ngā āhuatanga o te ao hurihuri. Me nui ake ngā whakaaro tika hei whakatutuki i ngā whāinga moni whiwhi me ngā whakapaunga tūturu.
– Te nama tāpui: He wero tonu te whakahaere me te whakaiti i te nama tāpui. Me kimi e te kāwanatanga he taurite i waenga i ngā whakapaunga whanaketanga e tika ana me tōna kaha ki te whakaputa moni whiwhi.
– Ngā kaupapa matua mō te whanaketanga: Me whakatakoto e te kāwanatanga ngā kaupapa matua mārama hei whakatutuki i ngā whāinga whanaketanga mō te wā roa, me te aro atu hoki ki ngā raruraru mō te wā poto me te wā waenga.
– Te whakahaere i te mana whakahaere pūtea: I roto i te horopaki o te mana motuhake ā-rohe, he wero nui te whakarite kia tika, kia whai hua hoki te tohatoha tahua mō ngā rohe.
Whakamutunga
He tukanga uaua te whakarite i te Tahua ā-Motu (APBN) e uru ana ngā kaiwhakaari maha, ā, e whai whakaaro ana ki ngā āhuatanga maha. I runga i tōna tūranga rautaki i roto i te whakahaere i te ōhanga o te whenua , he mea nui kia whai wāhi kaha ngā rōpū katoa—mai i te kāwanatanga, te whare ture, ki te marea—ki ia wāhanga o tana whakarite. Ko ngā tikanga mārama me te kawenga, me te tirotiro whai hua, he mea nui ki te whakarite kia whakamahia pono tēnei tahua hei whakapai ake i te oranga o te marea me te whanaketanga pumau i Indonesia.
