Sainzi

Tsanangudzo yeKubika

Kufashaira inzira yekushandura mamiriro emvura kuita mamiriro egasi. Kufashaira kunoitika kana kumanikidzwa kwemhepo yakasviba kwakaenzana nekumanikidzwa kwemhepo yekunze (kumanikidzwa kwemhepo yekunze = kumanikidzwa kwemhepo). Pachiitiko ichi tichakurukura nezvemvura iri kufashaira chete. Kumanikidzwa kwemvura yakasviba kwakaenzana zvakananga nekupisa kwemvura, kana tembiricha yemvura yakakwira, kumanikidzwa kwemvura yakasviba kwakawedzera. Patinodziisa mvura, mabubble madiki anowanzoonekwa pasi pemudziyo. Kuvapo kwemabubble kunoratidza shanduko kubva pamvura kuenda kugasi. Kana kumanikidzwa kwemhepo yakasviba mububble kwakaderera pane kumanikidzwa kwemhepo yekunze, bubble rinodzikira uye rinodonha risati rasvika pamusoro. Bhubhu rinodonha nekuti simba rekusunda remhepo yekunze rakakura kupfuura simba rekusunda remhepo iri mukati mebubble. Kumanikidzwa kwemhepo yekunze kwakakura kupfuura kumanikidzwa kwemhepo iri mububble, saka mhepo yekunze ine simba guru (P = F/A).

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Dzidziso yeKinetic

Maitiro ekubuda kwemvura anogona kutsanangurwa uchishandisa dzidziso yekinetic. Kufanana nemamorekuru egasi, mamorekuru emvura anofambawo. Musiyano ndewekuti mamorekuru emvura haagone kupatsanurana nekuti masimba anokwezva ari pakati pawo achiri kukwanisa kuabatanidza pamwe chete. Kusiyana neizvi, masimba anokwezva ari pakati pemamorekuru egasi haana simba, saka mamorekuru egasi haagone kunamatirana pamwe chete. Pakufamba, mamorekuru emvura ane kumhanya. Mamwe mamorekuru emvura ane kumhanya kwakanyanya, nepo mamwe aine kumhanya kwakaderera. Kupararira kwemamorekuru emvura kwakafanana nekugoverwa kwaMaxwell.

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23 Mienzaniso yemibvunzo ye transformer Transformers

1. Transformer ine ma coil ekutanga neechipiri ane ma turns mazana mashanu nemazana mashanu zvichiteerana, akabatana ne network ye 220 V alternating current. Chii chinonzi output voltage?

A. 220 volts

B. 1.100 volts

C. 2.200 volts

D. 22.000 volts

Kukurukurirana

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Van der Waals izita renyanzvi yefizikisi yekuDutch, J.D. van der Waals (1837–1923). Equation yemamiriro ekunze yevan der Waals iequation yemamiriro ekunze yegasi, yakafanana neequation yemamiriro ekunze yegasi . Musiyano ndewekuti equation yemagetsi ekunze haigone kupa mhinduro dzakarurama kana kumanikidzwa uye huwandu hwegasi rechokwadi hwakakura zvakakwana. Equation yemamiriro ekunze yevan der Waals inogona kupa mhinduro dzakarurama.

Equation iyi yakatanga naVan der Waals, uyo akaona miganhu ye equation yegesi yakanaka yemamiriro ezvinhu. Waals akachinja equation yegesi yakanaka yemamiriro ezvinhu nekuwedzera zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinopesvedzera mamiriro egesi chaiyo kana kumanikidzwa uye density yegesi chaiyo yakakwira zvakakwana.

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Kuchinja kwezvinhu muState Critical Temperature Points Triple Points

Mukukurukurirana kwemutemo wegasi rakakodzera, zvakatsanangurwa kuti mutemo wegasi rakakodzera unotsanangura nemazvo maitiro egasi chairo chete kana kumanikidzwa uye huwandu hwegasi chairo zvisina kukwira zvakanyanya. Kana kumanikidzwa uye huwandu hwegasi chairo hwakakura zvakakwana, mutemo wegasi rakakodzera unoburitsa mhedzisiro isiriyo. Izvi ndezvechokwadiwo kana tembiricha yegasi chairo yasvika padanho rayo rekufashaira.

Izvi zvine chekuita nekudyidzana kunoitika pakati pemamorekuru egasi chaiwo. Kumanikidzwa kwegasi kwakaenzana zvakanyanya nehukuru hwegasi. Kana kumanikidzwa kwegasi kwakakwira zvakakwana, huwandu hwegasi hunova hudiki. Nekuti huwandu hwegasi hudiki, daro riri pakati pemamorekuru egasi rinova pedyo. Kana daro riri pakati pemamorekuru riri pedyo, mamorekuru anokweverana. Zvakafanana nepaunoswededza chidimbu chesimbi pedyo nemagnet. Kana daro riri pakati pemagnet nesimbi rakakwana, magineti haakwanise kukwevera simbi. Asi kana daro riri pakati pemagnet nesimbi riri pedyo, simbi inokweverwa pedyo.

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Dzidziso yeAtomu uye Zvinhu zveKinetic Dzidziso

Kwezviuru zvemakore, maGiriki ekare aidavira kuti chinhu chega chega chakachena (semuenzaniso, goridhe rakachena, simbi yakachena 😉, nezvimwewo) chaive nemaatomu. Sekureva kwavo, kana chinhu chakachena chaive chakachekwa kuita zvidimbu zvidiki, zvidimbu zvidiki izvozvo zvaichekwa zvakare, zvozochekwa zvakare… zvichingodaro, paizova nechidimbu chidiki chaive chisingakwanise kuchekwa zvakare. Chidimbu chidiki chaive chisingakwanise kuchekwa zvakare chainzi atomu . Atomu zvinoreva kuti "haigone kupatsanurwa" (muchiGiriki).

Panguva iyoyo , maatomu aifungidzirwa kuti haagone kupatsanurwa. Zvisinei, masayendisiti akazowana maerekitironi nemaatomu (maprotoni nemanyuturoni), zvichiratidza kuti pfungwa yekuti maatomu haagone kupatsanurwa . Maatomu anoumbwa nemaerekitironi (ane chaji isina kunaka) uye nucleus. Maerekitironi anotenderera nucleus. Mukati menucleus mune mapurotoni (ane chaji yakanaka) nemanyuturoni (asina kusimba, zvichireva kuti haana chaji).

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Marudzi echinhu (zvichibva pahunhu hudiki)

Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, tinowanzo sangana nemhando nhatu dzakasiyana dzezvinhu. Kune zvinhu zvakasimba (semuenzaniso, matombo, simbi, nezvimwewo ) , zvinwiwa (mvura, peturu, nezvimwewo ) , uye magasi (mhepo, nezvimwewo ) . Mhando nhatu idzi dzezvinhu dzinogona kusiyaniswa zvichienderana nekukwanisa kwadzo kuchengetedza chimiro chadzo nehukuru hwadzo (nehukuru, tinoreva vhoriyamu).

Zvinhu zvakaoma zvinowanzo chengetedza chimiro chakasimba uye huwandu hwacho hwakagadzikana. Zvinwiwa hazvigadziri chimiro chakasimba, asi zvinogadzirisa chimiro chazvo zvichienderana nechirongo chazviri. Semuenzaniso, kana tikaisa mvura mugirazi, chimiro chayo chinoshanduka kuita chegirazi. Kana mvura ikaiswa mubhavhu, chimiro chayo chinoshanduka kuita chebhavhu. Kana ikaiswa mupurasitiki inodonhedza mvura, mvura inodonha... iye ... Huwandu hwemvura hunowanzo gara hwakafanana. Kana girazi remvura rikaiswa mubhavhu , huwandu hwemvura hunoramba hwakafanana negirazi. Chimiro chemvura chinogona kuchinja, asi huwandu hwayo hahumbochinji. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti huwandu hwezvinhu zvakaoma nezvinwiwa hunogona kuchinja chete kana simba guru rikashandiswa.

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Kushandiswa kwemutemo waBernoulli uye equation

Dzidziso yaTorriceli

Imwe nzira yekushandisa Bernoulli's equation ndeyekuverenga kumhanya kwemvura inobuda pasi pemudziyo.

Tinoshandisa equation yaBernoulli papoint 1 (pamusoro pemudziyo) uye point 2 (pamusoro pegomba). Sezvo dhayamita yegomba riri pasi pemudziyo iri diki zvikuru pane dhayamita yemudziyo, kumhanya kwemvura pamusoro pemudziyo kunofungidzirwa kuva zero (v ₁ = 0). Pamusoro pemudziyo nepamusoro pegomba zvakavhurika kuitira kuti kumanikidzwa kwakaenzana nekumanikidzwa kwemhepo (P ₁ = P ₂ ). Saka, equation yaBernoulli yenyaya iyi ndeiyi:

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Zvinhu zveBernoulli zvePrinciple and Equation

Kana tichityaira mudhudhudhu nekukurumidza, mbatya dzatinopfeka dzinoita sedzinoputika kumashure. Kana usingakwanise kutasva mudhudhudhu parizvino, teerera vabereki vako kana shamwari dzinotyaira mudhudhudhu. Kumashure kwembatya dzavo kunowanzoita sedzinoputika kumashure kana mudhudhudhu uchimhanya. Dzimwe nguva kana mhepo ikavhuvhuta nesimba, musuwo wemba unogona kuvharika wega. Kunyangwe mhepo ichivhuvhuta kunze kwemba, musuwo uri mukati memba.

Izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa uchishandisa musimboti waBernoulli. Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782) akawana musimboti unogona kushandiswa kutsanangura zvimwe zvezvinhu zviri pamusoro apa.

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Zvinhu zveEquation yekuenderera mberi

Edza kuvhura pombi yemvura zvishoma nezvishoma uchitarisa kuyerera kwemvura ichibuda mupombi. Kana pombi yamira kutenderera, vhara pombi zvishoma neruoko rwako. Zvino enzanisa kuti ndeipi mvura yakakura kupfuura mvura. Kana yakavharwa zvishoma kana kuti isina kuvharwa? Kana uine pombi inowanzo shandiswa kudiridza maruva, rega mvura iyerere nepakati payo. Vhara pombi zvishoma neruoko rwako kana munwe. Kana chikamu chikuru chepombi chakavharwa, mvura ichabuda nekukurumidza. Kusiyana neizvi, kana pombi isina kuvharwa, mvura ichayerera zvishoma nekukurumidza. Sei zvakadaro? Kuti unzwisise izvi, ndapota dzidza nezve continuity equation.

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