Kimia

Chii Chinonzi Mhinduro yeHypertonic? Mumakirasi emakemikari nebiology, izwi rekuti mhinduro yehypertonic rinowanzo taurwa kana tichikurukura nezvekufamba kwemvura kuburikidza nemasero, kuenzana kwemvura mumuviri, uye mashandisirwo ayo mukurapa. Kunyange zvazvo zvinganzwika sezvehunyanzvi, pfungwa yemhinduro yehypertonic iri nyore kunzwisisa kana tikanzwisisa kiyi: mutsauko mukuwanda kwemvura uye kuti mutsauko iwoyo "unodhonza" sei mvura kuti ifambe. … Read more

Hunhu uye Mashandisirwo eSilicon Compounds Silicon ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakakosha muhupenyu hwemazuva ano, kunyangwe ichiwanzovhiringidzwa ne "silica" kana "silicon" mumamiriro ezvinhu ezuva nezuva. Silicon (Si) chinhu chemakemikari chine atomu nhamba 14 uye chakawanda muganda rePasi, kazhinji mumakomponi, kwete sechinhu chakasununguka. Ndiyo hwaro hwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana—kubva... Read more

Kuchinjana Kwemakemikari Mukuita Kwengura Kuchinjana ndeimwe yemakemikari ane chekuita zvakanyanya nehupenyu hwezuva nezuva, asi kukanganisa kwayo kunogona kuva kwakakura. Kubva pafenzi dzine ngura kusvika kumafuremu emotokari asina simba kusvika kumapombi eindasitiri anodonhedza mvura—zvese zvinogona kutanga nekuita kwengura. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ngura inogona kunzwisiswa sekuora kwezvinhu (kunyanya simbi) nekuda kwekuita kwemakemikari kana... Read more

Kunzwisisa Kuchinja Kwemuviri Kwekutanga Nekwechipiri Kuchinja kwemuviri (metabolism) imhando yese yemakemikari anoitika mukati memasero ezvipenyu kuti zvirambe zvichirarama. Kuburikidza nekuchinja kwemuviri, zvipenyu zvinowana simba, zvinovaka nekugadzirisa zvimiro zvemuviri, uye zvinochinjika kushanduko dzenharaunda. Kazhinji, kuchinja kwemuviri kwakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri makuru: kuchinja kwemuviri kwekutanga uye kuchinja kwemuviri kwechipiri. Ose akakosha zvakaenzana, … Read more

Basa reNessler Tube muAnalytical Chemistry Mukuongorora kemesitiri, kururama kwekuyera kunowanzo tariswa nekuti muongorori anodzora sei zvinhu zvidiki zvinokanganisa mhedzisiro. Kunze kwezvishandiso zvemazuva ano zvakaita sespectrophotometers, kunewo zvinhu zvegirazi zviri nyore zvinoramba zvichikosha nekuda kwebasa razvo uye rinoshanda. Chimwe chishandiso chakadaro iNessler tube. Kunyangwe ichitaridzika seyero yekuyedza yakajairika, … Read more

Chii chinonzi Acid-Base Titration? Acid-base titration inzira yekuongorora makemikari inowanzoshandiswa mumarabhoritari kuona huwandu hweacid kana base solution. Nzira iyi iri nyore mupfungwa, asi yakakosha zvikuru mukuita, kunyanya mudzidzo, maindasitiri, mishonga, chikafu, uye nharaunda. Titration inotibvumira kuona huwandu hwechinhu... Read more

Mashandisirwo eGasi reNitrogen muMaindasitiri Gasi reNitrogen (N₂) ndeimwe yemagasi akawandisa mumhepo yepasi rose, inoumba inenge 78% yemhepo. Pasinei nekuwanda kwayo, nitrogen ine gasi ine hunhu hwakasiyana: haina simba (haiite nyore), haina ruvara, haina hwema, uye haina chepfu kana yakaenzana. Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti nitrogen ive yakakosha zvikuru mu... Read more

Hunhu hweMakemikari eAlkaline Earth Zvinhu zveAlkaline earth iboka rezvinhu zviri mutafura yeperiodic zviri muboka reIIA (boka rechipiri), zvinoti beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), uye radium (Ra). Boka iri rinonzi "alkaline earth" nekuti maoxide avo ndiwo akakosha (alkaline) uye mumazuva ekutanga emakemikari aiwanzo kuwanikwa mumaminerari e "earth"... Read more

Kuziva Asidhi Nezvigadziko Kuziva asidhi nezvigadziko hunyanzvi hwakakosha mukemistri, kungave kuri kwechikoro, kuyedza murabhoritari, kana kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvatinosangana nazvo mumba—zvakaita sevhiniga, michero yecitrus, sipo, nesipo—zvine zvinhu zvine acid kana kuti zvinhu zvinokosha. Nekunzwisisa maitiro ekuzviziva, tinogona kuva vakachengeteka pakushandisa makemikari, zvimwe... Read more

Kushandiswa kweBenzoic Acid Sechinochengetedza Benzoic acid chinhu chinochengetedza chagara chichishandiswa muindasitiri yezvikafu nezvinwiwa. Chinhu ichi chinozivikanwa kuti chinoshanda mukudzivirira kukura kwetupukanana tunokonzera kuora kwechikafu, kunyanya chakuvhuvhu nembiriso. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakagadzikana, nyore kushandisa, uye mutengo wayo wakaderera, benzoic acid isarudzo inozivikanwa yekuchengetedza mhando yechikafu... Read more