Sainzi

Mvura, zvose zvinwiwa nemagasi, zvine mwero wakasiyana wekusimba. Kusimba kwesimba ndiko kusimba kwekukweshana pakati pemamorekuru anoumba mvura. Mamorekuru anoumba mvura inokweshana painoyerera. Mumvura, kusimba kwesimba kunokonzerwa nekubatana (kukwezvana pakati pemamorekuru akafanana). Mumagasi, kusimba kwesimba kunokonzerwa nekusangana kwemamorekuru.

Mvura inoyerera inowanzo yerera zviri nyore, semuenzaniso mvura. Kusiyana neizvi, mvura yakakora yakaoma kuyerera, semuenzaniso mafuta ekubikisa, mafuta, huchi, nezvimwewo. Unogona kuratidza izvi nekudurura mvura nemafuta ekubikisa pasi rakatsetseka. Mvura inoyerera nekukurumidza kupfuura mafuta ekubikisa kana mafuta. Kusimba kwemvura kunoenderanawo nekupisa. Kana tembiricha yemvura yakakwira, mvura yacho inotsvedza zvishoma. Semuenzaniso, kana amai vakagocha hove mukicheni, mafuta ekubikisa akakora pakutanga anova mvura yakawanda kana apiswa. Kusiyana neizvi, tembiricha yegesi yakakwira, ndipo panowedzera kutsvedza kwemhepo.

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Wakamboona kenduru here? Ndinovimba uchaishandisa. Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza chatinogona kuona kana kenduru iri kupfuta. Pasi petambo yekenduru iri kupfuta kazhinji panogara pakanyorova newakisi yakanyunguduka (patambo). Kuvapo kwewakisi yakanyunguduka patambo kunoreva kuti kenduru inogona kupfuta kwenguva yakareba. Chii chinoita kuti wakisi yakanyunguduka ifambe ichikwira ichienda kutambo yekenduru iri kupfuta? Tinogona kuona chiitiko chimwe chete mumatochi.

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinonakidza muhupenyu hwedu zvakafanana nezviitiko zvinoitika mumakenduru nemwenje yemafuta. Zvinoita sekunge mvura ine makumbo, zvichiita kuti ifambe ichikwira kumusoro. Unogona kutsanangura izvi nesainzi here? Imwe pfungwa yefizikisi inogona kutsanangura zviitiko zvinoitika mumakenduru, marambi emafuta, nezvimwe zviitiko zvakawanda zvine chekuita nazvo ndeye capillarity.

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Zvinyorwa zveMutemo zvaArchimedes

Wakamboona ngarava here? Kana usati waiona uri wega, ndinovimba wakamboiona paterevhizheni kana paindaneti. Ngarava ine huremu hwakakura kwazvo hainyuri, nepo dombo diki, rakareruka richigona kunyura. Sei zvakadaro? Mhinduro yacho iri nyore kana uchinzwisisa pfungwa dzekudzikama uye musimboti waArchimedes.

Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, tichaona kuti zvinhu zvakaiswa mumvura, zvakaita sedombo, zvine huremu hushoma pane kana chinhu chisiri mumvura. Ungave uchinetseka kusimudza dombo kubva pamusoro pevhu, asi dombo rimwe chete rinosimudzwa nyore nyore kubva pasi pedziva. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nesimba remvura. Kusimba kunoitika nekuda kwemusiyano wekumanikidzwa kwemvura pakadzika kwakasiyana. Kumanikidzwa kwemvura kunowedzera nekudzika, kudzika kwemvura, kumanikidzwa kwemvura kunowedzera. Kana chinhu chikaiswa mumvura, pachava nemusiyano wekumanikidzwa pakati pemvura iri pamusoro pechinhu nemvura iri pasi pechinhu. Mvura iri pasi pechinhu ine kumanikidzwa kukuru kupfuura mvura iri pamusoro pechinhu.

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Zvinhu Zvinodzvinyirira Mvura

Mufizikisi, kumanikidzwa kunotsanangurwa sesimba pachikamu chimwe nechimwe, uko kutungamira kwesimba kwakatarisana nenzvimbo yepamusoro. Pamasvomhu, kumanikidzwa kunoratidzwa ne equation P = F/A, apo P = kumanikidzwa, F = simba uye A = nzvimbo yepamusoro. Chikamu chesimba (F) ndiNewton (N), chikamu chenzvimbo chiri square metres (m ² ). Sezvo kumanikidzwa kuri simba pachikamu chimwe nechimwe, chikamu chesimba iN/m ^2. Rimwe zita reN/m ² ndipascal (Pa). Pascal inoshandiswa sechikamu chesimba mukukudza Blaise Pascal.

Kana mvura yakamira, inoshandisa simba rakamira pamusoro pese painosangana nayo. Semuenzaniso, funga nezvemvura iri mugirazi; chikamu chimwe nechimwe chemvura chinoshandisa simba rakamira pamadziro egirazi. Nokudaro, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chemvura chinoshandisa simba rakamira panzvimbo yega yega yemudziyo wainogara. Ichi chinhu chakakosha chemvura isingachinji, mvura yakamira. Kana mvura ikashandisa simba pamusoro, apo simba risiri rakamira, pamusoro payo pachava nesimba rekuita, kwete rakamira. Izvi zvichaita kuti mvura iyerere. Zvisinei, muchokwadi, mvura inoramba yakamira. Naizvozvo, mumvura yakamira, simba rinogara rakamira pamusoro pemudziyo wainogara.

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Kunzwisisa ma static uye dynamic fluids

Mufizikisi, mvura inotsanangurwa sechinhu chinogona kuyerera. Makadzidza kuti zvinhu zvatinosangana nazvo muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvakasimba, mvura, uye magasi. Izwi rekuti mvura rinosanganisira mvura nemagasi, nekuti mvura yakaita semvura nemagasi akaita semhepo inogona kuyerera. Zvinhu zvakaoma zvakaita sedombo kana simbi hazvigone kuyerera saka hazvigone kuverengerwa semvura. Kuti munzwisise tsananguro iyi zviri nani, zvinobatsira kufunga nezvemimwe mienzaniso kubva muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Paunogeza, zvechokwadi unoda mvura. Kuti usvike padziva, mvura inoyerera kubva pachitubu kana kuti inotorwa kubva mutsime. Mvura muenzaniso mumwe wemvura. Kune mimwe mienzaniso yemvura, yakaita semafuta ekuzora, mukaka, nezvimwewo. Zvese izvi zvinonwiwa zvinogona kuverengerwa semvura nekuti zvinogona kuyerera kubva panzvimbo imwe kuenda kune imwe. Magasi zvakare mvura. Magasi anogonawo kuyerera kubva panzvimbo imwe kuenda kune imwe. Mhepo inovhuvhuta muenzaniso wemhepo inofamba kubva panzvimbo imwe kuenda kune imwe.

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Kunzwisisa Kushushikana Kwepamusoro

Kuomarara kwemvura kunoitika nekuti pamusoro pemvura panowanzooma, zvichiita kuti pave nechitarisiko chakaita se membrane yakatetepa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekubatana kwemasimba pakati pemamorekuru emvura. Kuti unzwisise tsananguro iyi zviri nani, funga nezvemufananidzo unotevera. Ngatifungei nezvemvura iri mumudziyo.

Mamorekuru emvura anowanzo kwezvana. Mukati memvura, molekyuru yega yega yemvura yakakomberedzwa nemamwe mamorekuru kumativi ese; asi pamusoro pemvura, pane mamorekuru emvura chete kumativi ese nepasi. Hakuna mamwe mamorekuru emvura ari pamusoro. Nekuti mamorekuru emvura anokwezvana, pane simba re zero pamamorekuru ari mukati memvura. Kusiyana neizvi, mamorekuru emvura ari pamusoro anokwezvwa nemamorekuru emvura ari kumativi ese nepasi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, pane simba re net pamusoro pemvura rinonangidzirwa pasi. Nekuda kwesimba iri re net pasi, mvura iri pamusoro inowanzo kuderedza nzvimbo yayo yepamusoro, ichiderera zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.

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Inonzi Poiseuille equation nekuti yakawanikwa naJean Louis Marie Poiseuille (1799-1869) mushakabvu. Sezvakatsanangurwa, mvura yega yega inogona kunzi mvura yakakwana. Mvura yakakodzera haina viscosity. Kana tikafungidzira mvura yakakodzera inoyerera mupombi, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chemvura chinofamba nekumhanya kwakafanana (v). Kusiyana nemvura yakakodzera, mvura chaiyo, kana mvura yatinosangana nayo muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, ine viscosity. Nekuti ine viscosity, kana ichiyerera mupombi, semuenzaniso, kumhanya kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe chemvura kunosiyana. Rutivi rwemvura pakati runofamba nekukurumidza (v yakakura), nepo rutivi rwemvura rwakabatana nepombi rusingafambi, zvakare (v = 0). Saka, kubva pakati kusvika kumucheto wepombi, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chemvura chinofamba nekumhanya kwakasiyana. Kuti zvive nyore kwauri kunzwisisa, tarisa mufananidzo uri pazasi…

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Kuwanda kwezvinhu uye simba regiravhiti

Kuwanda kwevanhu

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvechinhu kuwanda. Kuwanda kwechinhu chiyero chehukuru hwechinhu nehukuru hwacho. Panyaya yemasvomhu, zvakanyorwa seizvi:

ρ = m/V

ρ ibhii rechiGiriki rinowanzo shandiswa kureva density, m inomiririra mass, uye V inomiririra volume. Density yemvura yakafanana yakasiyana zvakanyanya nedensity yechinhu chakasimba chakafanana. Semuenzaniso, simbi kana chando zvine density yakafanana muchikamu chimwe nechimwe. Izvi zvakasiyana nemvura, senge mhepo kana mvura. Mumhepo yePasi, density yemhepo yakakwira kubva pamusoro pePasi, density yakaderera, nepo mumvura yegungwa, semuenzaniso, density yakadzika, density yakakura. Density yemvura yakafanana inogona kutsamira pazvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvakaita setembiricha nekumanikidzwa.

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Musoro wekuyedza: Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton

Chinangwa chekuedza uku: – Kuongorora hukama huripo pakati pesimba nekukurumidzisa

- Kuongorora hukama huripo pakati pehukuru nekukurumidzira

Zvishandiso nezvinhu: Njanji, simba remagetsi, danda rematanho akawanda, dhiraivha yemagetsi, rekodhi yenguva, tepi, huremu hwemagiramu makumi mashanu (3), tambo dzinobatanidza.

Matanho ekugadzirira:

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Musoro wekuyedza: Kufamba kwakarongeka kwakakurumidza

Chinangwa chekuedza uku: - Kuona zvinhu zvichifamba mumutsara wakatwasuka nemwero usingachinji.

- Ziva girafu yekumhanyisa-nguva, girafu yekumhanya-nguva, girafu yekureba-nguva

- Kuverenga kukurumidza kwechinhu

Zvishandiso nezvinhu: Njanji, magetsi, matanda ane nhanho dzakawanda, dhiraivha yemagetsi, rekodhi yenguva, tepi, mutoro wemagiramu makumi mashanu, tambo dzinobatanidza.

Matanho ekugadzirira:

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