IKHEMISTRI YESIKOLO SAMAPHAKATHI

Imibuzo Nezingxoxo Eziyisibonelo: Incazelo Nesakhiwo Sama-Polymers Ama-Polymer ayizinhlanganisela zama-macromolecular ezakhiwe ngamayunithi aphindaphindayo aziwa ngokuthi ama-monomers. Kumakhemikhali, ama-polymer adlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, kusukela ezimbonini zepulasitiki nezendwangu kuya kwezokwelapha nge-biomedicine. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngencazelo yama-polymer kanye nesakhiwo sawo, kanye nokunikeza imibuzo eminingana yezibonelo kanye nezingxoxo ukuze sijulise ukuqonda kwethu… Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Nezingxoxo Zesibonelo Se-Organic Macromolecule Ama-macromolecule e-organic angama-molecule amakhulu kakhulu futhi ayinkimbinkimbi adlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni ezahlukene zezinto eziphilayo. Ama-macromolecule e-organic aziwa kakhulu afaka ama-carbohydrate, amafutha, amaprotheni, nama-nucleic acid. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngemibuzo eminingana eyisibonelo kanye nezingxoxo zayo mayelana nama-macromolecule e-organic. 1. Ama-carbohydrate Umbuzo 1 I-molecule… Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Yezibonelo Exoxa Ngezakhi Eziningana Ezibalulekile Ze-Organic Nezinzuzo Zazo Isingeniso Amakhemikhali e-organic ayingxenye ebalulekile ye-chemistry yokuphila. Lawa makhemikhali ngokuvamile aqukethe ikhabhoni esakhiweni sawo sama-molecule futhi adlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni ezahlukene ze-biological. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngamakhemikhali amaningana abalulekile e-organic, aphelele ngemibuzo yesibonelo nezingxoxo ukukusiza uqonde kangcono izinzuzo zawo. … Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Nezingxoxo Eziyizibonelo Ngokusabela Okuthile Kwamaqembu Asebenzayo Kumakhemikhali e-organic, iqembu elisebenzayo yiqembu lama-athomu ngaphakathi kwe-molecule elinomthwalo wezakhiwo zamakhemikhali kanye nokusabela kwalo. Ukuqonda kahle ukusabela okuthile okubandakanya amaqembu ahlukahlukene asebenzayo kubalulekile ekuqondeni kahle le nsimu. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngemibuzo eminingana eyisibonelo… Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Eyisibonelo Exoxa Ngokuqanjwa Kwamagama Kwama-Organic Compounds I-organic chemistry iyigatsha le-chemistry elifunda isakhiwo, izakhiwo, ukwakheka, ukusabela, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwama-carbon compounds, ama-molecule ayisisekelo okuphila. Ku-organic chemistry, ukuqamba igama le-compound akuyona into engahleliwe. Kunemithetho ejwayelekile eyaziwa ngokuthi i-IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) ethi… Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Yesibonelo Exoxa Ngamaqembu Asebenzayo Njengezikhungo Ezisebenzayo Kumakhemikhali Ezinto Eziphilayo Amaqembu asebenzayo amaqembu athile ama-athomu kuma-molecule anquma izici zokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Kumakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo, amaqembu asebenzayo asebenza njengezikhungo ezisebenzayo, okungukuthi, izindawo lapho kwenzeka khona ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngemibuzo yesibonelo ehlobene namaqembu asebenzayo njengezikhungo ezisebenzayo… Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Yezibonelo kanye Nengxoxo Ngama-Organic Compounds Akhiwe Ngama-Carbon Chains Ama-organic compounds ayisigaba esiyinhloko sama-chemical compounds aqukethe i-carbon ehlanganiswe nezinye izakhi eziningana, ikakhulukazi i-hydrogen, i-oxygen, i-nitrogen, i-sulphur, nama-halogens. Esinye sezici zama-organic compounds ukuba khona kwama-carbon chains angakha izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene njengama-straight chains, ama-branched chains, noma … Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Yezibonelo Exoxa Ngamaqembu Asebenzayo Kuma-Carbon Compounds Amaqembu asebenzayo amaqembu athile ama-athomu ku-molecule anesibopho sezakhiwo ezithile zamakhemikhali. Ku-chemistry yezinto eziphilayo, ukuqaphela amaqembu asebenzayo kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukusabela, i-polarity, izigaba zomzimba, kanye nezinye izakhiwo zama-carbon compounds. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngemibuzo eminingana yezibonelo mayelana namaqembu asebenzayo… Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Yesibonelo Exoxa Ngokusetshenziswa Kwe-Electrochemical Ezimotweni Zikagesi Isingeniso I-Electrochemistry iyigatsha le-chemistry elihlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwamandla kagesi nezinguquko zamakhemikhali. Ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kwe-electrochemistry ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri noma amaseli e-electrochemical ezimotweni zikagesi. Lawa mabhethri ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ezisekela ukusebenza kwezimoto zikagesi. Isihloko esilandelayo… Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Eyisibonelo kanye Nengxoxo Yezicelo Ze-Electrochemical: I-Metal Plating I-Electrochemistry iyigatsha le-chemistry elifunda ubudlelwano phakathi kokusabela kwamakhemikhali kanye nogesi kagesi. Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu neziwusizo ze-electrochemistry i-metal plating, noma i-electrodeposition. I-Metal plating isetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ekuhlobiseni kuya ekusebenzeni, njengezimbozo ezingamelani nokugqwala noma ukwanda kokuqhuba kukagesi. Lesi sihloko… Funda kabanzi