Ngā Āwhata o ngā Porowhita: Te Huaki i te Mea Ngaro me te Ataahua o te Āhuahanga
Ko te porowhita tētahi o ngā āhua ā-ira e tino kitea ana, ā, e kiia ana ko te mea tino tika. Ko ngā kōpae hurihuri, ko ngā wira hurihuri, tae atu ki ngā porowhita tata-tino o ngā aorangi e whakaata ana i te noho mai o ngā porowhita. Heoi, kotahi te wāhanga o te porowhita kāore e arohia ana: ko te pewa. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga he aha te pewa, me pēhea te tatau i tōna roa, me ōna whakamahinga me tōna ataahua i roto i te oranga o ia rā.
Te Whakamāramatanga o te Āwhata Porowhita
Ko te pewa te wāhanga o te porowhita e toro atu ana i waenganui i ngā pūwāhi e rua o te porowhita. Ki te whakaaro noa tātou he porowhita he porowhita nui, ko te pewa he wāhanga o taua porowhita. I roto i te āhuahanga, ka kiia ngā pewa he "pewa" ā, he maha ngā momo e pā ana ki te roa: ngā pewa roa (ngā pewa nui) me ngā pewa poto (ngā pewa iti).
I roto i te horopaki o te pāngarau, ka taea te tautuhi i tētahi pewa e ētahi huānga, pērā i ōna pito e rua e kiia nei ko te pūtake me te pito whakamutunga, me te pokapū, ina honoa ki te pokapū o te porowhita, ka hanga he koki.
Te Tātai i te Roa o te Āwhata Porowhita
Ko te tatau i te roa o te pewa porowhita me whai mōhiohio taketake, inā koa te radius o te porowhita me te koki pokapū i hangaia e ngā pito e rua o te pewa. Ko te tikanga o tēnei koki pokapū ka whakaatuhia i roto i ngā nekehanga, i ngā rātiana rānei.
Ko te tātai e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te roa o te pewa porowhita koia tēnei:
– Roa Pewa (s) = θ/360° × 2πr
Kei hea:
– Ko θ te rahi o te koki (i roto i ngā nekehanga),
– ko r te pūtoro o te porowhita.
Mena ka whakaaturia te koki i roto i ngā rātiana, ka māmā ake te tātai:
– Te Roa o te Āwhata (s) = θ × r
Ko θ te koki i roto i ngā rātiana.
Hei tauira, mēnā he porowhita tā tātou he 10 cm te whānui, ā, he 60° te koki pokapū, ka taea e tātou te whakamahi i te tātai tuatahi:
– Te Roa o te Āwhata = (60/360) × 2π × 10 = (1/6) × 20π ≈ 10,47 cm
E whakaatu ana tēnei tikanga tatau i te kaha o te whanaungatanga i waenga i te koki pokapū, te pūtoro o te porowhita, me te roa o te pewa.
Ngā Āhuatanga me ngā Āhuatanga o ngā Kopere
He maha ngā āhuatanga whakamere o ngā pewa porowhita hei tirotiro māu:
1. Āhua ōrite: He āhua āhua ōrite te porowhita. Nō reira, he āwhata hoa tō ia pewa, ā, ina honoa, ka hanga i te porowhita o tētahi porowhita katoa.
2. Te Āhuatanga Taurite: He rite tonu te roa o te pewa ki te rahi o te koki pokapū e hangaia ana e ia. Ko te pewa i hangaia e te koki pokapū o te 180° ka rite te roa ki te haurua o te porowhita.
3. Koki Whakararo: He hononga motuhake tō ngā koki i roto i te porowhita e anga atu ana ki te pewa. Mena ka honoa ngā pūwāhi tīmatanga me ngā pūwāhi mutunga o te pewa ki tētahi pūwāhi i runga i te porowhita, ka mōhiotia te koki ko te koki o te porowhita, ā, he rite tonu ki te koki pokapū e whakararohia ana e te pewa taketake.
Taupānga Āwhata Porowhita
Ko te ataahua o te pewa porowhita ehara i te mea kei roto i ōna āhuatanga pāngarau anake, engari kei roto hoki i ōna whakamahinga maha i roto i te oranga o ia rā. Anei ētahi tauira:
1. Te Hanga Whare me te Hoahoa: I roto i te hoahoa whare, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā pewa porowhita hei hoahoa i ngā piriti, i ngā tuanui, me ngā tatau. Ehara i te mea he ātaahua noa iho te hoahoa piko engari he kaha ake hoki te hanganga.
2. Te Whakamahere Ā-Wāhi me te Whakamahere Tāone: I roto i te whakamahere tāone, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā rori me ngā huarahi kawe waka ngā pewa porowhita hei whakarite kia maeneene ake, kia pai ake hoki te haere o ngā waka. Hei tauira, ko ngā piko o ngā huarahi tere he mea hanga ki ngā piko pewa hei whakapai ake i te haumaru me te whakamarie o ngā taraiwa.
3. Te Āhuahanga me te Ahupūngao: I roto i te ako i te āhuahanga, ka whakamahia te ariā o te pewa porowhita hei mārama ki te ara nekehanga o tētahi mea e hurihuri ana, e neke ana rānei i roto i tētahi ara piko. Hei tauira, i roto i te nekehanga parabolic, i te ara rānei o tētahi pere, ka taea te whakatauira i te ara hei wāhanga o tētahi pewa porowhita.
4. Toi: I roto i te toi, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā pewa porowhita i roto i ngā tito me ngā hoahoa hei waihanga i tētahi āhua ataahua whakamere. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaitoi me ngā kaihoahoa whakairoiro te ariā o ngā pewa hei waihanga i ngā huānga taurite me te taurite i roto i ā rātou mahi.
Te Ataahua o ngā Porowhita i te Oranga o Ia Rā
Haunga ōna whakamahinga mahi, he ataahua whakamiharo te pewa porowhita e tūtakihia ana e tātou i ia rā. Mai i ngā āniwaniwa e piko ana i te rangi ki ngā hoahoa whakapaipai huatau, e tohu ana te pewa porowhita i te taurite me te tino pai.
Hei tauira, he āhuatanga taiao ataahua te āniwaniwa e puta mai ana i te wa e huri ai te hihi o te rā mā roto i ngā pata wai i te āhuarangi. Kei roto i te pewa āniwaniwa ngā tae katoa o te whānuitanga kua whakaritea kia rite ki te pūnaha, ka hangaia he tirohanga whānui whakamiharo.
I te ao o ngā mahi tunu kai, he maha ngā wā ka kitea e tātou ngā pewa porowhita i runga i ngā kai reka, i ngā papa keke piko rānei, hei tāpiri atu i tētahi āhua ataahua ki te titiro.
I roto i ngā hākinakina, he mea hanga ngā ara oma hei āhua porowhita, arā, e rua ngā pewa porowhita me ngā rārangi tika e rua. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā kaitākaro te pupuri i te tere me te kore e ngaro te kaha i te wā e huri ana.
Whakamutunga
He huānga āhuahanga te pewa, e kī ana i te ataahua me ngā tono mahi. Mā te mārama ki te roa o te pewa, ōna āhuatanga motuhake, me ōna tono maha, ka taea e tātou te maioha ake ki te whakakotahitanga o te pāngarau i roto i te oranga o ia rā. Mai i te hoahoanga whakamiharo me te whakamahere ā-wāhi whai hua ki te whakamarie ataahua i roto i te toi, kei te whai tonu te pewa i tētahi tūranga nui e kore e taea te whakakapi. I runga i tōna whai wāhi nui, kia titiro tonu tātou ki te pewa ehara i te mea he wāhanga noa iho o tētahi porowhita, engari he tohu o te ataahua parakore me te whakakotahitanga i roto i tō tātou ao.
