Te Mahi a te Teihana Wāhi Ātea o te Ao
Ko te Teihana Wāhi Ātea o te Ao (ISS) tētahi o ngā whakatutukitanga nui rawa atu a te tangata i roto i te tūhuratanga ātea. Ehara i te mea he taiwhanga rangahau anake te ISS engari he wāhi noho roa hoki mō ngā kairangi whenua mai i ngā whenua rerekē. Mā te ako i te mahi a te ISS ka tuwhera ō tātou kanohi ki ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te ātea, mai i te hangarau me te pūtaiao ki te oranga o ia rā. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka matapakihia e tātou te mahi a te Teihana Wāhi Ātea o te Ao mai i ngā tirohanga rerekē.
Hanganga me ngā Kōwae ISS
Kei roto i te ISS ētahi kōwae honohono e mahi tahi ana hei whakatutuki i ngā mahi maha. Kei roto i ēnei kōwae he kōwae taiwhanga, he kōwae whare, he kōwae pūngao, me te kōwae taunga.
1. Ngā Wāhanga Rangahau: Ka whakamahia ngā wāhi pēnei i a Destiny (USA) me Columbus (ESA) hei whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau pūtaiao. I roto i ēnei wāhi, ka whakahaerehia e ngā kairangi te maha o ngā rangahau i roto i te koiora, te ahupūngao, te matū, te hangarau rauemi, me te hauora e kore e taea i runga i te Ao nā ngā pānga o te kaha ā-papa.
2. Wāhanga Noho: Ko ngā wāhi noho pēnei i a Zvezda (Rūhia) e whakarato ana i ngā ratonga noho taketake pēnei i te moe, te kai, me ētahi atu mahi o ia rā. Kei roto i ēnei wāhi he rūma moe iti mō ia mema o te kapa, he kīhini, me te kaukau.
3. Wāhanga Pūngao: Ka whiwhi te ISS i tōna pūngao mai i ngā panera rā nui e whakairihia ana ki waho o te teihana. Ka rongoatia tēnei pūngao ki roto i ngā pākahiko, kātahi ka tohatohahia ki ngā wāhanga kē atu.
4. Wāhanga Taunga: He maha ngā wāhanga taunga o tēnei teihana mokowhiti pērā i te Pūnga 2 (Harmony) me te Pūnga 3 (Tranquility) e whakamahia ana mō te taunga o ngā waka mokowhiti mai i te Ao, hei tuku i ngā kairangi me te tuku taonga me ngā whakamātautau pūtaiao.
Hangarau Tautoko Ora
Hei tautoko i te ora i te wāhi mo te wā roa, kua rite te ISS ki ngā hangarau matatau maha:
1. Pūnaha Maimoatanga Hau: Ka aro turukihia tonutia, ka maimoatia hoki te hau i runga i te ISS kia mau tonu ai te taumata hāora me te tango atu i te hauhā waro. Ka ārai hoki tēnei pūnaha maimoatanga hau i te kohikohinga o ngā matū kino.
2. Pūnaha Wai: I te wāhi mokowhiti, he mea utu nui te wai. He pūnaha hangarua wai tō te ISS ka taea te tukatuka i te mimi, te werawera, me te haumākū o te hau hei wai ma. Ka whakamahia e tēnei pūnaha ngā hangarau matatau hei whakarite kia haumaru te wai e whakaputaina ana, ā, kia kore he poke.
3. Pūnaha Whakahaere Pāmahana: Me pupuri e te ISS he pāmahana pumau, he pāmahana whakamarie hoki i roto i te teihana. Hei whakatutuki i tēnei, ka whakamahia he pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana hohe me te pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana kore, kei roto ko te pare wera, he whakamahana, me te pūnaha whakamatao e whakamahi ana i te whakamatao hei mimiti me te tuku wera.
4. Te Whakahaere Para: Ka ata whakahaerea ngā para i runga i te ISS. Ka pēhia ngā para totoka pēnei i te para me te paru tangata, ka rongoatia, kātahi ka whakahokia ki te Ao mō te whakakorenga haumaru.
Te Oranga o Ia Rā i runga i te ISS
He tino rerekē te ora i runga i te ISS i te ora i runga i te Ao. Me urutau ngā kairangi whetū ki ngā āhuatanga o te kaha moroiti, e whakauaua ai ngā mahi o ia rā. Anei ētahi āhuatanga whakamere o te ora o ia rā i runga i te ISS:
1. Kai: Ko te nuinga o ngā kai i runga i te ISS he mea whakamaroke-tio, he mea rānei kei roto i ngā takai roa. Ka whakamakukuhia tēnei kai ki te wai, kātahi ka whakamahanahia ki roto i tētahi ngaruiti motuhake.
2. Moe: Ka moe i runga i te ISS i roto i ngā pēke moe e piri ana ki ngā pakitara o te waeine. Mā ēnei pēke ka noho tonu ngā kairangi i roto i ngā āhuatanga moroiti-kaha.
3. Whakakorikori Tinana: He mea nui te whakakorikori tinana i runga i te ISS hei ārai i te ngoikore o te uaua me te ngaronga o te wheua nā te kore-kaha taumaha. He maha ngā taputapu whakakorikori tinana, pērā i ngā mīhini oma, ngā pahikara tū, me ngā mīhini whakangungu ātete, e wātea ana mō te whakamahi i roto i ēnei āhuatanga.
4. Kōrero ki te Ao: He pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero matatau tō te ISS e āhei ai ngā kairangi ki te kōrero ki ngā pokapū whakahaere o te Ao. Ka taea hoki e rātou te tuku īmēra me te waea ataata ki te whānau me ngā hoa.
Rangahau me ngā Whakamātautau
Ko tētahi o ngā kaupapa matua o te ISS he whakahaere i ngā rangahau kāore e taea te mahi i runga i te Ao. He whānuitia ngā wāhanga o ngā whakamātautau i runga i te ISS:
1. Tātari whetū: Kei te taiwhanga ISS ngā taputapu tirotiro ātea hei ako i ngā āhuatanga taiao me te kore e pāngia e te āhuarangi o te Ao.
2. Koiora me te Hangarau Koiora: Mā te rangahau i te tipu o ngā tipu, ngā moroiti, me ngā pūtau tangata i raro i ngā āhuatanga moroiti-kaha ka taea te whakarato i ngā māramatanga hou ki te hauora tangata me te hangarau kai.
3. Ahupūngao Rauemi: Ka whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau ā-tinana pēnei i te whakatioatatanga pūmua me ngā tukanga hanga konganuku i runga i te ISS hei whakawhanake i ngā rauemi hou me te whakapai ake i ngā hangarau hanga i runga i te Ao.
4. Rongoā: Mā te rangahau rongoā i runga i te ISS ka taea e ngā kaipūtaiao te whakawhanake i ngā rongoā hou mā te tātari i te taunekeneke a ngā mate me ngā rongoā i roto i ngā āhuatanga kore-taimaha.
Te Mahi Ngātahi o te Ao
He kaupapa mahi tahi ā-ao te ISS e uru ana ngā tari ātea mai i ngā whenua 15, tae atu ki a NASA (Te Hononga o Amerika), Roscosmos (Rūhia), ESA (Ūropi), JAXA (Hapani), me CSA (Kānata). Ehara i te mea ko te hanganga me te tiaki i te teihana anake te kaupapa o tēnei mahi tahi, engari ko te tuku atu i ngā kairangi me te rangahau pūtaiao hoki.
Mā tēnei mahi tahi ā-ao ka taea e te ISS te noho hei tūāpapa ahurei mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pūtaiao, ka taea ai e ngā whenua te mahi tahi ki te whai i ngā whāinga ōrite i roto i te tūhuratanga ātea. Ko te takoha a ia whenua ehara i te mea ko te putea me ngā rauemi anake, engari ko te tuku atu i ngā kairangi me ngā kaipūtaiao ki runga i te ISS.
Te Anamata o te ISS
E whakamaheretia ana kia whakahaerehia te ISS tae noa ki te tau 2030. Whai muri i tēnā, tera pea ka whakakapia e tētahi teihana mokowhiti hou i whakawhanakehia e ētahi whenua me ngā kamupene tūmataiti. Ko te mōhiotanga i riro mai i ngā mahi me ngā whakamātautau i runga i te ISS ka waiho hei pūtake mō ngā misioni ā muri ake nei ki te Marama, ki a Tāwhirimātea, me tua atu.
I ngā tekau tau e haere ake nei, tērā pea ka arotahi te teihana mokowhiti ehara i te mea ki te rangahau pūtaiao anake engari ki te whakaputa ahumahi me te tūruhi mokowhiti anō hoki. Kei te mahi ngā kamupene tūmataiti pēnei i a SpaceX me Blue Origin ki te whakangāwari ake i te urunga atu o te iwi whānui me te ahumahi ki te mokowhiti.
Whakamutunga
He āhuatanga hangarau whakamiharo te Teihana Wāhi Ātea o te Ao e mahi ana hei taiwhanga e porowhita ana mō ngā rangahau pūtaiao me te hangarau. Kei roto i te ISS ngā waeine motuhake, ngā hangarau tautoko ora matatau, me te mahi tahi pakari o te ao. Mā te ISS, ehara i te mea ka whiwhi tātou i ngā mōhiotanga hou mō te wāhi me te Ao anake, engari ka kite anō hoki i tētahi heke mai ka taea e te tangata te noho me te mahi i te wāhi i ia wā, i ia wā.
Ahakoa ēnei whakatutukitanga katoa, ko te ISS tētahi o ngā tohu tino kaha o ngā mea ka taea e tātou te whakatutuki mā te mahi tahi puta noa i ngā rohe o te motu hei whakatairanga i te mātauranga me te tūhuratanga.
