Isayensi

I-Pengertian
Umzimba oqinile ubhekwa njengowakhiwe yizinhlayiya eziningi, kanti isisindo sento siyisamba sesisindo senhlayiya ngayinye eyakha into. Isikhungo sesisindo siyindawo entweni lapho isisindo sazo zonke izinhlayiya ezakha into sibhekwa njengesigxile khona kuleyo ndawo.

Ifomula
Wonke umzimba oqinile ucatshangwa ukuthi wakhiwe yizinhlayiya eziningi, ngayinye eqhelelene kakhulu nomunye. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kube lula ukuthola ifomula yokunquma isikhungo sesisindo, kwenziwa lula ngokuthatha ukuthi umzimba oqinile uqukethe izinhlayiya ezimbili kuphela. Lezi zinhlayiya ezimbili zingabizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lomzimba oluqinile.

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Funda futhi imibuzo yesibonelo se-Center of Gravity

Ukuqonda Isikhungo Sokudonsa Amandla
Into eqinile ibhekwa njengeyakhiwe yizinhlayiya eziningi ngenxa yalokhu amandla adonsela phansi esebenza kuleyo naleyo zinhlayiya. Ngamanye amazwi, inhlayiya ngayinye inesisindo sayo. Isikhungo samandla adonsela phansi sento yiphuzu eliseceleni noma eduze kwento lapho isisindo sazo zonke izingxenye zento sigxile khona.

Uma into ifana (ubuningi bezinto ezithile bufana noma into yakhiwe ngezinto ezifanayo) futhi ukuma kwento kufana (isibonelo isikwele, unxande, indilinga) khona-ke isikhungo samandla adonsela phansi sento sihambisana nesikhungo sesisindo sento esiphakathi nendawo yento. Kunxantathu, isikhungo sesisindo sitholakala ku-1/3 h, lapho u-h = ukuphakama konxantathu.

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Akuzona zonke izinto esihlangana nazo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke ezihlala ziphumule. Into ingase iphumule ekuqaleni, kodwa uma ishukunyiswa, ingashukuma. Umbuzo uwukuthi ingabe ibuyela endaweni yayo yokuqala noma cha ngemva kokunyakaza. Lokhu kuncike ekushukumeni. izinhlobo zokulinganisela izinto okwesithathu.
Uma into ephumule ihlangabezana nokuphazamiseka (kukhona amandla avelayo noma umzuzu wamandla ophumelayo osebenza entweni) khona-ke into izohamba. Ngemva kokuhamba, kuzoba namathuba amathathu, okungukuthi: (1) into ibuyela endaweni yayo yokuqala, (2) into isuka endaweni yayo yokuqala, (3) into ihlala endaweni yayo entsha. Uma ngemva kokuhamba, into ibuyela endaweni yayo yokuqala khona-ke into isendaweni yayo yokuqala ukulingana okuzinzileUma ngemva kokuhamba, into iqhubekela phambili isuka endaweni yayo yokuqala, khona-ke into ingaphakathi ibhalansi engazinzileNgakolunye uhlangothi, uma ngemva kokuhambisa into ihlala endaweni yayo entsha, khona-ke into isesimweni sayo esisha. ibhalansi engathathi hlangothi.

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2 Izibonelo zemibuzo yokulingana kwezinhlayiya

1. Into enesisindo esingu-10 kg ilenga entanjeni. Thola ukucindezeleka entanjeni (T)! g = 10 m/s²
Ingxoxo

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Izibonelo ezi-5 zemibuzo yomsebenzi wamandla e-kinetic kanye nefiziksi

1. Imoto enesisindo esingu-5000 kg iqala ingashintshi, bese ihamba ngesivinini esingu-20 m/s. Thola umsebenzi ophelele owenziwe emotweni...
Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
IMisa (m) = 5000 kg
Ijubane lokuqala (v)_o) = 0 m/s (ekuqaleni imoto ayimi)
Ijubane lokugcina (v)_t) = 20 m/s
Kubuziwe : Umzamo ophelele

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Izibonelo eziyi-15 zemibuzo yezimiso eziyisisekelo zabamnyama

1. Iqhwa elinesisindo esingu-0,2 kg lixutshwa netiye elifudumele elinesisindo esingu-0,2 kg. Izinga lokushisa leqhwa = – 10 ^o C, izinga lokushisa letiye elifudumele = 40 ^o C. Ukushisa okuqondile kweqhwa = 2100 J/kg Co ^, ukushisa okuqondile kwamanzi = 4200 J/kg Co ^, ukushisa kokuhlanganiswa kwamanzi = 334.000 J/kg. Uma iqhwa netiye elifudumele kuxutshwe ohlelweni oluvaliwe oluhlukanisiwe, nquma izinga lokushisa lokugcina lengxube.

Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
Isisindo seqhwa (m es) = 0,2 kg
Isisindo samanzi etiye afudumele (itiye m) = 0,2 kg
Ukushisa kwamanzi okuqondile (c amanzi) = 4180 J/kg C^o
Ukushisa okuqondile kweqhwa (c es) = 2100 J/kg C^o
Ukushisa kokuhlanganiswa kwamanzi (L)_f amanzi) = 334.000 J/kg

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Izibonelo ezi-5 zokufuduka kwe-angular kanye nokufuduka okuqondile ekuhambeni okujikelezayo

1. Isondo elinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angu-30 lijikeleza ibanga elingama-radian ayi-10. Iphuzu eliseceleni kwesondo lihamba ibanga elingakanani?
Ingxoxo
Ibanga eliphakathi komphetho wesondo kanye nesikhungo sesondo = irediyasi yesondo.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Irediyasi (r) = 30 cm = 0,3 amamitha
Ikona (umamkhulu) = ama-radian angu-10
Kubuziwe: ibanga elihanjiwe (ama)
Impendulo:

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2 Izibonelo zemibuzo yokunquma i-vector ephumelayo kusetshenziswa ama-vector ezingxenye

1. F ₁ = 6 N, F ₂ = 10 N. Umphumela wamavektha amabili amandla…

Ingxoxo
F_1x =F₁ ibe 60^o = (6)(0,5) = 3 N (enhle ngoba isendleleni elungile x)
F_2x =F₂ ibe 30^o = (10)(0,5√3) = 5√3 = (5)(1,372) = -8,66 N (engemihle ngoba isendleleni engemihle x)
F_1y =F₁ ngaphandle 60^o = (6)(0,5√3) = 3√3 = (3)(1,372) = 4,116 N (enhle ngoba isendleleni enhle ka-y)
F_2y =F₂ ngaphandle 30^o = (10)(0,5) = -5 N (engemihle ngoba isendleleni engemihle ka-y)

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2 Izibonelo zemibuzo mayelana nokunquma izingxenye zevektha

1. Ivektha yamandla F = 20 I-Newton yakha i-engeli engu-30 ^o kuya ku-x-axis enhle. Thola izingxenye zevektha F ku-x-axis (F _x ) kanye ne-y-axis (F _y ).

Ingxoxo
F_x = F cos 30^o = (20)(cos 30^o) = (20)(0,5√3) = 10√3 AmaNewton

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Funda ngezibonelo zezinkinga zokuphazamiseka nokusabalalisa ukukhanya - ukuqhekeka okukodwa , bese usebenza ngezinkinga zokuphazamiseka nokusabalalisa ukukhanya.

1. Ukukhanya okunobude be-wavelength obungu-700 nm kudlula embotsheni enobubanzi obungu-0,2 mm. Iphethini yokusabalalisa esikrinini ikude ngamasentimitha angu-50 ukusuka embotsheni. Thola ibanga phakathi komugqa wesibili omnyama nomugqa wokukhanya oyinhloko.
Ingxoxo

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