Funda ngezibonelo zezinkinga zokuphazamiseka nokusabalalisa ukukhanya - ukuqhekeka okukodwa , bese usebenza ngezinkinga zokuphazamiseka nokusabalalisa ukukhanya.
1. Ukukhanya okunobude be-wavelength obungu-700 nm kudlula embotsheni enobubanzi obungu-0,2 mm. Iphethini yokusabalalisa esikrinini ikude ngamasentimitha angu-50 ukusuka embotsheni. Thola ibanga phakathi komugqa wesibili omnyama nomugqa wokukhanya oyinhloko.
Ingxoxo
Ubuziwe: y?
Impendulo:
Ububanzi besikhala buncane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nebanga eliphakathi kwesikhala nesikrini (emfanekisweni ububanzi besikhala buyandiswa) ngakho-ke i-engeli incane kakhulu. I-engeli incane kakhulu kangangokuthi inani le-sin theta liseduze nenani le-tangent theta.
Ibanga phakathi komugqa okhanyayo oyinhloko nomugqa wesibili omnyama lingamamilimitha angu-3,5.
2. Isikhala esisodwa esinobubanzi obungu-0,1 mm sikhanyiswa ukukhanya okunombala ofanayo futhi esikrinini esingamamitha angu-4 ukusuka kusikhala, imigqa ehlukahlukene, ekhanyayo nemnyama, ingabonakala ngenxa yokukhanya okukhanyayo. Uma ibanga phakathi komugqa wesibili omnyama nomugqa okhanyayo oyinhloko lingu-16 mm, nquma ubude bokukhanya!
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
d = 0,1 mm = 0,0001 m = 1 x 10-4 m
l = 4 m
n = 2
y = 16 mm = 16 x 10-3 m
Ubuziwe: iyini ubude be-wavelength bokukhanya?
Impendulo:
Ubude bamagagasi okukhanya = ama-nanometer angu-200
3. Bheka isithombe esingezansi!
Igebe elilodwa I-S engu-0,2 mm ububanzi ikhanyiswa umsebe wokukhanya ohambisanayo one-λ = 500 nm (1 nm = 10-9 m). Iphethini yokwehlukaniswa kwe-diffraction ephumayo ithwetshulwa esikrinini esingama-60 cm ukusuka endaweni evulekile. Ibanga eliphakathi komugqa wesibili omnyama nomugqa okhanyayo ophakathi liyi…
A. 3,0 mm
B. 3,6 mm
C. 4,8 mm
D. 5,8 mm
E. 6,0 mm
Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
λ = 500 nm = 500 x 10-9 m = 5 x 10-7 m
d = 0,2 mm = 0,2 x 10-3 m = 2 x 10-4 m
l = 60 cm = 0,6 m
n = 2
Kubuziwe : y?
Jawab :
Ububanzi besikhala buncane kakhulu uma buqhathaniswa nebanga eliphakathi kwesikhala nesikrini ngakho-ke i-engeli incane kakhulu (ububanzi besikhala esithombeni esingenhla buyandiswa). I-engeli incane kakhulu ngakho inani le-sin umamkhulu esondela ku-tangent umamkhulu.
isono θ ≈ tan θ = y / l = y / 0,6
Ifomula yokuhlukanisa umngxuma owodwa (okungenani):
d sin θ = n λ
(2x10-4)(y/0,6) = (2)(5 x 10-7)
(2x10-4) y = (0,6)(10 x 10-7)
(2x10-4) y = 6 x 10-7
y = (6 x 10-7) / (2 x 10-4)
y = 3 x 10-3
y = 0,003 amamitha
y = amamilimitha angu-3
Impendulo efanele ngu-A.
4. Umsebe wokukhanya oku-monochromatic onobude be-wavelength obungu-5000 Å (1 Å = 10 −10 m) odlula endaweni eyodwa ukhiqiza iphethini yokukhanya okukhanyayo ye-first-order njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni. Ububanzi bendawo bungu…
A. 0,001 mm
B. 0,004 mm
C. 0,012 mm
D. 0,017 mm
E. 0,019 mm
Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
λ = 5000 Å = 5000 x 10-10 m = 5 x 10-7 m
ngaphandle 30o = 0,5
n = 1
Kubuziwe ububanzi besikhala (d)?
Jawab :
d sin θ = n λ
d (0,5) = (1)(5 x 10-7)
d = (5 x 10-7) / (0,5)
d = 10 x 10-7 m
d = 1 x 10-6 m
d = 1 x 10-3 mm
d = 0,001 mm
Impendulo efanele ngu-A.
Ukuphazamiseka kanye nokuphambuka kokukhanya - umngxuma owodwa
1. Isikhala esinobubanzi obungu-0,5 mm sikhanyiswa ukukhanya okunobude be-wavelength = 650 nm. Iphethini yokusabalalisa ukukhanya esikrinini ikude ngamasentimitha angu-50 ukusuka kusikhala. Thola ibanga phakathi komugqa wesibili omnyama nomugqa wokukhanya oyinhloko.
2. Isikhala esisodwa esinobubanzi obungu-0,4 mm sikhanyiswa ukukhanya okunombala ofanayo futhi esikrinini esingamamitha ama-2 ukusuka ku-diffraction grating, kungabonakala iphethini yokukhanya okukhanyayo nokumnyama. Uma ibanga phakathi komugqa wesithathu omnyama nomugqa okhanyayo oyinhloko lingu-20 mm, nquma ubude bokukhanya!
