Zvinyorwa nezveMichina yeRefrigeration
Firiji injini yekupisa inoshanda zvakasiyana. Saka, injini yekupisa inotora kupisa kubva kunzvimbo ine tembiricha yakaderera yoiramba kuenda kunzvimbo ine tembiricha yepamusoro. Kuti izvi zviitike, injini inofanira kuita basa. Zvisinei, kupisa kunongoyerera kubva kunzvimbo ine tembiricha yepamusoro kuenda kunzvimbo ine tembiricha yakaderera. Kupisa hakugone kuyerera kwega kubva kunzvimbo ine tembiricha yakaderera kuenda kunzvimbo ine tembiricha yepamusoro. Izvi zvinoenderana nezvakataurwa naClausius kare. Pakuita kunoitika mufiriji, chirevo chekare chaClausius chinogona kunyorwa seizvi:
Hazvigoneki kuti muchina wefiriji (unoshanda mudenderedzwa) utamise kupisa kubva panzvimbo ine tembiricha yakaderera kuenda kunzvimbo ine tembiricha yakakwirira, usingaite basa ( Mutemo wechipiri wethermodynamics - chirevo chaClausius).
Rugwaro rwakanyorwa nemabhii matema ishoko rakakosha remutemo wechipiri wethermodynamics. Chirevo ichi chinoshanda chete kumichina yekutonhodza. Maitiro ekushandura chimiro chesimba uye kutamisa esimba rakabatidzwa 
Muchina wekutonhodza unoita seuri padhayagiramu iri pazasi.
Muchina uyu unoshanda (W) kutora kupisa kubva panzvimbo ine tembiricha yakaderera (Q L ) uye unoburitsa kupisa kunzvimbo ine tembiricha yakakwirira (Q H ) . Zvichibva pakuchengetedza simba, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti Q L + W = Q H.
Kana izwi rekuti efficiency richishandiswa mumainjini ekupisa, saka mumainjini efiriji izwi rekuti coefficient of performance (KK) rinoshandiswa. Coefficient of performance (KK) yemuchina wefiriji iratio iri pakati pekupisa kunotamiswa kubva panzvimbo yekupisa yakaderera (Q L ) kuenda kubasa (W) rinoitwa kuti kupisa kupfuure. Pamasvomhu, izvi zvinogona kunyorwa seizvi:
Kana uchida kuratidza chiyero chekushanda kwemuchina wekufirijisa muchikamu, ingowedzera chiyero ichi ne100%. Chikamu chekushanda kwemuchina wekufirijisa wakakodzera (Carnot chiyero chekushanda kwemuchina wekufirijisa):
Kune michina yakawanda yekutonhodza yatinowanzo shandisa, kusanganisira mafiriji, ma air conditioner (AC) uye ma heat pumps.
Firiji
Kondensa = inoshandura utsi kuita mvura, compressor = compresses. Makoira ekutonhodza anowanzo kuwanikwa mukati mefiriji, nepo makoira ekondensa ari kunze kwefiriji (kumashure kwefiriji).
Mukati me coils mune mvura iri muchikamu che equilibrium (iripo mumamiriro emvura neutsi). Mvura iyi inozivikanwa se refrigerant. Refrigerant yaiwanzo shandiswa kare yaive freon. Freon haichashandiswi nhasi nekuti kuburitswa kwayo kunogona kukuvadza ozone layer.
Mota yecompressor (inofambiswa nemagetsi) inodhonza refrigerant (muchimiro cheutsi) uye inoidzvanya nekukurumidza. Nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kweadiabatic, tembiricha yeutsi inowedzera. Sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera, kumanikidzwa kweutsi kunowedzerawo. Musiyano wetembiricha pakati pecompressor (tembiricha yepamusoro) necondenser (tembiricha yakaderera) unokonzera kuti utsi hwepamusoro-soro, hwepamusoro-soro hufambe kuburikidza nemakoiri econdenser ari kumashure kwefiriji.
Tembiricha yemhepo inotonhora yakakwira kupfuura tembiricha yemhepo yakakomberedza, saka painoyerera nepa condenser coil, mhepo inoburitsa kupisa kumhepo yakakomberedza. Nekuti inosanganiswa ne condenser, mhepo inotonhora yoshanduka kuita mvura. Painoyerera nepa expansion valve, refrigerant yashanduka kuita mvura inowedzera adiabatic. Kuvapo kwe adiabatic expansion kunoita kuti mvura itonhore (tembiricha yayo inoderera). Mvura inotonhora inoyerera mukati me coils mukati mefiriji. Nekuti mvura iri mu coils inotonhora kupfuura mhepo iri mufiriji, kupisa kunonyudzwa nemvura kusvika refrigerant yachinja kuita mhute (mvura inonyudza kupisa mufiriji). Refrigerant yashanduka kuita mhute inosvetwa ne compressor motor uye inodzvanywa adiabatic. Uye zvichingodaro… (maitiro anodzokororwa zvakare). Nekuti kupisa kuri mukati mefiriji kunofamba kuenda kumvura iri mukati me coils, firiji inotonhora.
AC (air conditioner)
Kunyangwe dhizaini yechishandiso ichi yakasiyana, musimboti wekutanga wemhepo inotonhodza wakafanana newefiriji. Panyaya iyi, firiji imba. Kazhinji, macoil ekutonhodza ari mukati mekamuri nepo macoil ekutonhodza ari kunze. Kuseri kwemacoil ekutonhodza kune feni. Basa refeni nderekungodzora kutenderera kwemhepo nekuputira macoil ekutonhodza, nokudaro zvichikurumidzisa kutamiswa kwekupisa pakati pemacoil ekutonhodza nemhepo yakapoteredza. Kusiyana neizvi, kuseri kwemacoil ekutonhodza kune blower, inozivikanwawo se blower. Basa rayo rakafanana nefeni. Nepo feni ichiputira macoil ekutonhodza kunze, ichitungamira kupisa kumhepo yakapoteredza, blower inoputira macoil ekutonhodza mukati, ichiparadzira mhepo inotonhorera mukamuri rese.
Pombi yekupisa
Mapombi ekupisa anowanzo shandiswa munguva yechando inotonhora. Muitiro wekushanda kwepombi yekupisa wakafanana newefiriji. Musiyano ndewekuti firiji mudziyo unoshandiswa kutonhodza imba, nepo pombi yekupisa ichishandiswa kudziisa imba. Kunyange zvazvo firiji ichiita basa rekunwisa kupisa kubva mukamuri (QL ) nekukusunungura kunze (QH ) , pombi yekupisa inonwisa kupisa kubva kunze (QL ) yokuburitsa mukamuri (QH ) . Kupisa kwakawedzerwa kunoita kuti imba iwedzere kudziya. Kana zhizha rasvika, pombi yekupisa inogona kudzoserwa kumashure kuti ishande semhepo inotonhodza (AC).
