Chinhu chega chega chiri muchadenga chakagadzirwa nemaatomu . Maatomu anoumbwa nemaprotoni, manyuturoni, nemaerekitironi. Mapurotoni anochajwa zvakanaka, maerekitironi anochajwa zvakaipa, uye manyuturoni haachajwa. Atomu ine maerekitironi akawanda, mapurotoni, nemautron. Kana huwandu hwemaerekitironi hwakaenzana nehuwandu hwemapurotoni, huwandu hwemagetsi hwese paatomu izero. Atomu yakadaro haina magetsi. Kana huwandu hwemaerekitironi hukadarika huwandu hwemapurotoni, atomu ine maerekitironi akawanda, zvichiita kuti ive negative charge. Kana huwandu hwemaerekitironi hukadarika huwandu hwemapurotoni, atomu ine mapurotoni akawanda, zvichiita kuti ive negative charge.
Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chinoumbwa nemaatomu, saka kana maatomu anoumba chinhu chose aine maerekitironi akawanda semapurotoni, saka chinhu chacho hachina chaji kana kuti hachina kwachinogumira. Kune rumwe rutivi, kana maatomu anoumba chinhu chose aine maerekitironi akawanda kupfuura mapurotoni, saka chinhu chacho chine chaji ine negative. Saizvozvowo, kana maatomu anoumba chinhu chose aine maerekitironi mashoma kupfuura mapurotoni, saka chinhu chacho chine chaji ine positive.
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinosangana nazvo muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hazvina simba remagetsi. Zvisinei, zvinhu izvi zvinogona kugadzirwa kuti zvive nemagetsi. Kuchinja chinhu chisina simba remagetsi kuita chine simba remagetsi kunogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekukweshana kana nekudzikisa. Mukuyedza kwekuchaja kwemagetsi, takatsanangura maitiro ekushandura chinhu chisina simba kuita chine simba remagetsi kuburikidza nekukweshana nechimwe chinhu. Mukuyedza kwekuchaja chinhu nekudzikisa, takakurukurawo maitiro ekushandura chinhu chisina simba kuita chine simba remagetsi kuburikidza nekukweshana. Munzira yekukweshana, chinhu chinofanira kuchaja chemagetsi chinobatwa nechimwe chinhu, nepo munzira yekukwesha, chinhu chinofanira kuchaja chemagetsi hachibatwi asi chinongoswededzwa pedyo nechimwe chinhu chine simba remagetsi.
Plastiki yakanga isina simba pakutanga inochajwa nemagetsi mushure mekukweshwa nebvudzi rakaoma kana bvudzi. Humbowo hwekuti purasitiki yakachajwa nemagetsi hunoratidza kuti tsvimbo mbiri dzepurasitiki dzakambokweshwa nebvudzi rakaoma kana bvudzi dzinodzingana. Ndodo mbiri dzepurasitiki dzinodzingana nekuti dzese dzine simba rimwe chete. Sezvakatsanangurwa munyaya yekuchajwa kwemagetsi , zvichienderana nechibvumirano chakavakirwa pazano raBenjamin Franklin (1706-1790), chaji yemagetsi ine purasitiki inoonekwa sechaji isina simba. Plastiki inochajwa negative nekuti huwandu hwese hwemaerekitironi mupurasitiki hwakakura kupfuura huwandu hwemapurotoni. Pakutanga, purasitiki haina simba saka zvinogona kugumiswa kuti maerekitironi akawandisa ari mupurasitiki parizvino anobva kubvudzi rakaoma kana bvudzi. Maerekitironi ari mubvudzi kana bvudzi anoenda kupurasitiki panguva yekukweshwa pakati pepurasitiki nebvudzi kana bvudzi. Fudzi pakutanga harina simba saka kana maerekitironi aro achienda kupurasitiki, fudzi harina maerekitironi uye rine mapurotoni akawandisa. Fudzi rine mapurotoni akawandisa saka fudzi rinochajwa negative. Mushure mekukweshwa, purasitiki inochajwa negative uye fudzi rinochajwa negative.
Huwandu hwemaerekitironi anotamiswa kubva kubvudzi kuenda kupurasitiki hwakafanana nehuwandu hwemaerekitironi anorasika kubva kupurasitiki. Mushure mekukweshana, purasitiki ine maerekitironi akawanda saka inova negative charge, nepo bvudzi richishaya maerekitironi saka inova positive charge. Net charge papurasitiki = nhamba yemaerekitironi - nhamba yemaprotoni. Saizvozvowo, net charge ine minhenga = nhamba yemaprotoni - nhamba yemaerekitironi. Hapana chaji inorasika panguva yekukweshana, uye chaji haigadzike panguva yekukweshana, chinoitika kutumirwa kwechaji. Plastiki inova negative charge uye minhenga inova positive charge. Saka electric charge haiperi.
Mutemo wekuchengetedza chaji yemagetsi inoti muhurongwa hwakavharwa, chaji yemagetsi haigadzirwe kana kuparadzwa asi inongotamiswa kubva pane chimwe chinhu kuenda kune chimwe. Kana chinhu chimwe chikachajwa zvakanaka, chimwe chinhu chinochajwa zvakaipa panguva imwe chete, chinhu chimwe nechimwe chiine chaji yakafanana. Hurongwa hwakavharwa muchirevo chiri pamusoro apa hunoratidzwa seizvi. Semuenzaniso, kana purasitiki nemvere zvichikwizana, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kutamiswa kwechaji yemagetsi kunoitika chete pakati pepurasitiki nemvere. Saka mvere nepurasitiki chete zvinodyidzana. Muchokwadi, kune mhepo yakatikomberedza, saka mweya zvechokwadi unobatanidzwawo mukukakavadzana pakati pepurasitiki nemvere. Kana mweya ukafungwawo, mutemo wekuchengetedza chaji uchiri kushanda kupurasitiki, mvere, nemhepo. Kana mushure mekukakavadzana purasitiki ikachajwa zvakaipa ne5, semuenzaniso, uye mvere ikachajwa zvakaipa ne3, semuenzaniso, ipapo mweya wakapoteredza unochajwawo zvakaipa ne2. Saka chaji yese yemagetsi pakati pezvinhu izvi zvitatu zvinodyidzana izero. Kana purasitiki nemvere chete zvikachajwa, kana purasitiki ikachajwa zvakaipa ne5, mvere inochajwa zvakanaka ne5, saka chaji yese yemagetsi yepurasitiki nemvere izero. Machaji e2, 3, kana 5 ingori mienzaniso chete. Muchokwadi, huwandu hwechaji yemagetsi hausi hwakawanda kudaro, asi huwandu hwechaji yeelectron kana proton. Ndokumbirawo mudzidze musoro wenyaya. kuchaja kwemagetsi kuti unzwisise huwandu hwemagetsi hunowanikwa nechinhu.
