Mienzaniso gumi nematanhatu yemainjini eCarnot - mainjini ekupisa akakodzera (kushandiswa kwemutemo wechipiri wethermodynamics)
1. Tarisa girafu yeP-V yeinjini yeCarnot padivi! Kana kupisa kukanyura (Q1 ) = 10.000 joules, saka huwandu hwebasa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot…
A. 1.500 J 
B. 4.000 J
C. 5.000 J
D. 6.000 J
E. 8.000 J
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa kuti :
Tembiricha yakaderera (T 2 ) = 400 K
Kupisa kwakanyanya (T 1 ) = 800 K
Kupisa kunonyudzwa (Q 1 ) = 10.000 Joules
Zvinodiwa : Basa rakagadzirwa neinjini yeCarnot (W)
Mhinduro :
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yekupisa yakakodzera (injini yeCarnot):
Basa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot:
W = e Mubvunzo 1
W = (1/2)(10.000) = 5000 Joule
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
2. Tarisa mufananidzo uri padivi! Huwandu hwebasa rinoitwa neinjini mudenderedzwa rimwe chete…
A. 300 J
B. 400 J
C. 500 J
D. 600 J
E. 700 J
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa kuti:
Tembiricha yakaderera (TL ) = 400 K
Kupisa kwakanyanya (TH ) = 600 K
Kupisa kunonyudzwa (Q 1 ) = 600 Joules
Zvinodiwa : Basa rakagadzirwa neinjini yeCarnot (W)
Mhinduro:
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yekupisa yakakodzera (injini yeCarnot):
Basa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot:
W = e Mubvunzo 1
W = (1/3)(600) = 200 Joule
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiE.
3. Tarisa girafu yeCarnot cycle ABCDA iri pazasi! Zvichibva padata riri mugirafu, kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot kuri…
A. 10% 
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 30%
E. 35%
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa kuti :
Tembiricha yakaderera (TL ) = 350 K
Kupisa kwakanyanya (TH ) = 500 K
Mubvunzo : Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot (e)
Mhinduro :
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot:
e = (TH – TH ) / TH
e = (500 - 350) / 500
e = 150 / 500
e = 0,3
e = 30/100 = 30%
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.
4. Mugirafu rinotevera rePV reinjini yeCarnot, nzvimbo inodziya tembiricha yepamusoro i600 K uye tembiricha yakaderera i400 K. Kana basa rinoitwa neinjini iri W, saka kupisa kunoburitswa patembiricha yakaderera...
A. W
B. 2 W
C. 3 W
D. 4 W
E. 6 W
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa kuti :
Tembiricha yakaderera (TL ) = 400 K
Kupisa kwakanyanya (TH ) = 600 K
Mubvunzo : Kupisa kunoburitswa patembiricha yakaderera ( Q2 )
Mhinduro :
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot :
e = (TH – TH ) / TH
e = (600 - 400) / 600
e = 200 / 600
e = 1/3
Basa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot :
W = e Mubvunzo 1
Tsananguro: W = basa rinoitwa nemuchina, e = kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina, Q 1 = kupisa kunotorwa nemuchina.
W = (1/3)(Mubvunzo 1 )
3W = Q 1
Kupisa kunoburitswa patembiricha yakaderera :
Mubvunzo 2 = Mubvunzo 1 – Kureba
Mubvunzo 2 = 3W – W
Mubvunzo 2 = 2W
Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.
5. Girafu yePV yeCarnot cycle inoita semufananidzo unotevera. Kana maJoules zviuru zvitatu ekupisa akaburitswa kunzvimbo dzakapoteredza, saka kupisa kunotorwa nesystem iyi…
A. 3.000 J
B. 4.000 J
C. 4.800 J
D. 6.000 J
E. 8.000 J
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa kuti :
Tembiricha yakaderera (TL ) = 500 K
Kupisa kwakanyanya (TH ) = 800 K
Kupisa kunoburitswa (Q 2 ) = 3000 Joules
Mubvunzo : Kupisa kunotorwa nehurongwa (Mubvunzo 1 )
Mhinduro :
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot :
e = (TH – TH ) / TH
e = (800 – 500) /8600
e = 300 / 800
e = 3/8
Basa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot :
W = e Mubvunzo 1
W = (3/8)(Mubvunzo 1 )
8W/3 = Q 1
Mubvunzo 2 = Mubvunzo 1 – Kureba
Mubvunzo 2 = 8W/3 – 3W/3
Mubvunzo 2 = 5W/3
3Q 2 = 5W
W = 3Q 2/5 = 3(3000)/5 = 9000/5 = 1800
Kupisa kunonyudzwa nehurongwa :
Mubvunzo 1 = W + Mubvunzo 2 = 1800 + 3000 = 4800 Joules
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
6. Injini yeCarnot inogamuchira kupisa kubva mudura rinopisa zvakanyanya pa800 K uye ine kushanda zvakanaka kwe50%. Kuti ibudirire ne80% uku ichichengetedza tembiricha yakaderera yedura, dura rinopisa zvakanyanya rinofanira kushandurwa kuita….
A. 1.600 K
B. 2.000 K
C. 2.400 K
D. 4.000 K
E. 6.400 K
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa kuti:
Kana tembiricha yepamusoro (TH ) = 800 K, kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 50% = 0,5
Mubvunzo: Ndeipi tembiricha yepamusoro (TH ) saka kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 80% = 0,8
Mhinduro:
Tembiricha yakaderera = 400 Kelvin
Chii chinonzi tembiricha yepamusoro (TH ) zvekuti kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 80%?
Kupisa kwakanyanya = 2.000 Kelvin
Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.
7. Injini yeCarnot inoshanda padhamu rinopisa zvakanyanya pa600 K ine kushanda zvakanaka kwe40%. Kuti ibudirire ne75% nedhamu rinopisa zvishoma richiramba rakafanana, dhamu rinopisa zvakanyanya rinofanira kuwedzerwa kusvika….
A. 480 K
B. 840 K
C. 900 K
D. 1028 K
E. 1440 K
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa kuti:
Kana tembiricha yepamusoro (TH ) = 600 K, kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 40% = 0,4
Mubvunzo: Ndeipi tembiricha yepamusoro (TH ) saka kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 75% = 0,75
Mhinduro:
Tembiricha yakaderera = 360 Kelvin
Chii chinonzi tembiricha yepamusoro (TH ) zvekuti kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 75%?
Kupisa kwakanyanya = 1440 Kelvin
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiE.
8. Injini yeCarnot inogamuchira kupisa kubva mudura rinopisa zvakanyanya pa800 K uye ine kushanda zvakanaka kwe50%. Kuti ibudirire ne80% uku ichichengetedza tembiricha yakaderera yedura, dura rinopisa zvakanyanya rinofanira kushandurwa kuita….
A. 1.600 K
B. 2.000 K
C. 2.400 K
D. 4.000 K
E. 6.400 K
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa kuti:
Kana tembiricha yepamusoro (TH) = 800 K, kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 50% = 0,5
Mubvunzo: Ndeipi tembiricha yepamusoro (TH) saka kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 80% = 0,8
Mhinduro:
Tembiricha yakaderera = 400 Kelvin
Chii chinonzi tembiricha yepamusoro (TH) zvekuti kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 80%?
Kupisa kwakanyanya = 2.000 Kelvin
Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.
9. Injini yeCarnot inoshanda padhamu rinopisa zvakanyanya pa600 K ine kushanda zvakanaka kwe40%. Kuti ibudirire ne75% dhamu rinopisa zvishoma richiramba rakafanana, dhamu rinopisa zvakanyanya rinofanira kuwedzerwa kusvika….
A. 480 K
B. 840 K
C. 900 K
D. 1028 K
E. 1440 K
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa kuti:
Kana tembiricha yepamusoro (TH) = 600 K, kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 40% = 0,4
Mubvunzo: Ndeipi tembiricha yepamusoro (TH) saka kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 75% = 0,75
Mhinduro:
Tembiricha yakaderera = 360 Kelvin
Chii chinonzi tembiricha yepamusoro (TH) zvekuti kushanda zvakanaka (e) = 75%?
Kupisa kwakanyanya = 1440 Kelvin
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiE.
10. Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot inotora kupisa patembiricha ye1200 Kelvin uye inoramba kupisa patembiricha ye300 Kelvin…
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Tembiricha yepamusoro (T)H) = 1200 K
Tembiricha yakaderera (T)L) = 300 K
Akabvunzwa Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot (e)
Jawab :
11. Injini yeCarnot inoshanda mudenderedzwa riri pakati pe727oC na127oC. Injini inotora maJoules 6000 ekupisa kubva mudura rinopisa zvakanyanya. Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini nebasa rinoitwa neinjini mudenderedzwa rimwe chete…
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Tembiricha yepamusoro (T)H= = 727oC + 273 = 1000 K
Tembiricha yakaderera (T)L= = 127oC + 273 = 400 K
Kupisa kunonyudzwa (Q)H) = 6000 Joule
Akabvunzwa : Kushanda zvakanaka (e) uye basa (W) rinoitwa neinjini mudenderedzwa rimwe chete
Jawab :
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot :
Basa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot :
W = e QH
W = (0,6)(6000)
W = 3600 Joule
12. Injini yeCarnot inoshanda pakati penzvimbo ine tembiricha yakakwira ye527oC uye dziva remvura rinodziya zvishoma 127oC. Injini yeCarnot inotora maJoules zviuru gumi ekupisa kubva mudura rinopisa. Huwandu hwekupisa hunorambwa neinjini muchikamu chimwe nechimwe…
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Tembiricha yepamusoro (T)H= = 527oC + 273 = 800 K
Tembiricha yakaderera (T)L= = 127oC + 273 = 400 K
Kupisa kunonyudzwa (Q)H) = 10.000 Joule
Akabvunzwa : Kupisa kunorambwa neinjini pakufamba kwega kwega
Jawab :
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yekupisa yakakodzera (injini yeCarnot):
Basa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot:
W = e Q1
W = (0,5)(10.000)
W = 5000 Joule
Kupisa kunoburitswa neinjini padenderedzwa rega rega (QL) = kunyudzwa nekupisa (Q)H) – basa raitwa (W)
QL =QH - W
QL = 10.000 - 5000
QL = 5000 Joule
Kupisa kunodzimwa neinjini pa cycle = 5000 Joules
13. Sarudza mashandiro uye basa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot mudenderedzwa rimwe chete zvichibva pagirafu iri pazasi...
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Tembiricha yepamusoro (T)H) = 800 K
Tembiricha yakaderera (T)L) = 300 K
Kupisa kunonyudzwa (Q)H) = 1000 Joule
Akabvunzwa : Kushanda zvakanaka (e) uye basa (W) rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot
Jawab :
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot :
Basa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot :
W = e QH
W = (0,625)(1000)
W = 625 Joule
14. Tarisa girafu yeCarnot cycle ABCDA iri pazasi!
Zvichibva padata riri mugirafu, kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot kuri…
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 30%
E. 35%
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Suhu yakaderera (T)L) = 350 K
Tembiricha yepamusoro (T)H) = 500 K
Akabvunzwa Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot (e)
Jawab :
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot:
e = (T)H - TL) / TH
e = (500 - 350) / 500
e = 150 / 500
e = 0,3
e = 30/100 = 30%
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.
15. Mugirafu rinotevera rePV reinjini yeCarnot, nzvimbo inodziya tembiricha yepamusoro i600 K uye tembiricha yakaderera i400 K. Kana business Kana injini yaita W, ipapo kupisa kunoburitswa patembiricha yakaderera kuno...
A. W
B. 2 W
C. 3 W
D. 4 W
E. 6 W
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Tembiricha yakaderera (T)L) = 400 K
Tembiricha yepamusoro (T)H) = 600 K
Akabvunzwa : Kupisa kunoburitswa patembiricha yakaderera (Q2)
Jawab :
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot :
e = (T)H - TL) / TH
e = (600 - 400) / 600
e = 200 / 600
e = 1/3
Basa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot :
W = e Q1
Tsananguro: W = basa rinoitwa nemuchina, e = kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina, Q1 = kupisa kunotorwa nemuchina.
W = (1/3)(Q)1)
3W = Q1
KAlor inoburitswa patembiricha yakaderera :
Q2 =Q1 - W
Q2 = 3W–W
Q2 = 2W
Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.
16. Girafu yePV yeCarnot cycle inoita semufananidzo unotevera. kupisa iyo inoburitswa munzvimbo ine 3.000 Joules, ipapo kupisa kunotorwa nehurongwa…
A. 3.000 J
B. 4.000 J
C. 4.800 J
D. 6.000 J
E. 8.000 J
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Tembiricha yakaderera (T)L) = 500 K
Tembiricha yepamusoro (T)H) = 800 K
Kupisa kwaburitswa (Q)2) = 3000 Joule
Akabvunzwa : Kupisa kunotorwa nehurongwa (Q1)
Jawab :
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini yeCarnot :
e = (T)H - TL) / TH
e = (800 – 500) /8600
e = 300 / 800
e = 3/8
Basa rinoitwa neinjini yeCarnot :
W = e Q1
W = (3/8)(Q)1)
8W/3 = Q1
Q2 =Q1 - W
Q2 = 8W/3 – 3W/3
Q2 = 5W/3
3Q2 = 5W
W = 3Q2/5 = 3(3000)/5 = 9000/5 = 1800
KAlor inotorwa nehurongwa :
Q1 = W + Q2 = 1800 + 3000 = 4800 Joule
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
Manyuko eMubvunzo:
Mibvunzo yeNational Examination Physics yeChikoro Chesekondari/Chikoro Chepamusoro Chebasa
