Chokwadi Chinofadza NezveJupiter
Jupiter ndiyo nyika yakakura kupfuura dzose muzuva redu uye ine zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoita kuti ive nyaya inonakidza yekutsvagisa nekukurukura pakati pevasayendisiti nevanofarira zvenyeredzi. Munyaya ino, tichaongorora zvinhu zvinonakidza nezveJupiter, kubva pakukura kwayo nekuumbwa kwayo kusvika kumamiriro ayo emuchadenga nemwedzi inonakidza.
Saizi uye Huremu
Jupiter inozivikanwa senyika ine gasi guru uye ndiyo nyika yakakura kupfuura dzose mu solar system yedu. Upamhi hwayo hunosvika makiromita 142.984, kana kuti ka11 kupfuura Pasi. Huremu hweJupiter hunosvika 1.898 × 10^27 makirogiramu, hwakaenzana nehuremu hwePasi ka318. Huremu hwepasi hwakakurawo, hunokwanisa kutakura Nyika dzinopfuura 1.300 mairi.
Kuumbwa uye Kurongeka Kwemukati
Jupiter, seguru remagasi , inoumbwa zvakanyanya nehydrogen (inenge 90%) nehelium (inenge 10%). Mhepo yaro inewo zvisaririra zvemethane, ammonia, utsi hwemvura, nezvimwe zvinhu. Pasi pemhepo iyi yakakora, kumanikidzwa kunowedzera zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti hydrogen ichinje kuita chimiro chemvura uye kutoita hydrogen yesimbi pakadzika zvakanyanya. Pakati pepasi pano panogona kunge paine dombo kana kuti chando chakakomberedzwa nesimbi yakakora yehydrogen nehelium.
Mhepo Nemadutu Makuru
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kushamisa zveJupiter imhepo yayo, iyo yakazara nemakore ane mavara anogadzira zvinhu zvinoshamisa zvinoonekwa. Kuonekwa kwemabhendi emakore akasviba neakajeka kunokonzerwa nekusiyana kwekupisa uye kuumbwa kwemakemikari.
Chinhu chinonyanya kuzivikanwa mumhepo yeJupiter iGreat Red Spot, dutu guru rakagara kwemakore anopfuura 350. Upamhi hwaro hunogona kusvika katatu pahukuru hwePasi, uye mhepo yaro inosvika kumhanya kusvika 432 km/awa. Dutu iri rinoramba richitariswa zvakanyanya kuti rinzwisise maitiro emhepo inoshanduka pasi rose.
Munda Mukuru weMagineti
Jupiter ine simba remagineti rakasimba kupfuura mamwe mapuraneti ese mu solar system, rinonzi rakasimba ka20.000 kupfuura rePasi . Simba remagineti iri rinogadzirwa nekufamba kwesimbi inonzi hydrogen iri pakati pepasi. Simba remagineti reJupiter rinosvika mamiriyoni emakiromita muchadenga, richigadzira magnetosphere inodzivirira pasi kubva kumwaranzi yezuva uye ine zvidimbu zvakabatwa zvine chaji. Magnetosphere yeJupiter yakakura kupfuura Zuva pacharo.
Sisitimu yeMhete Yakavanzika
Kunyangwe isinganyanyo kuzivikanwa semhete dzeSaturn , Jupiter inewo sisitimu yayo yemhete. Mhete idzi dzakatetepa uye hadzioneki zvakanyanya pane dzeSaturn. Dzine zvikamu zvikuru zvitatu: halo, mhete huru, uye mhete dzegossamer. Mhete idzi dzakagadzirwa neguruva diki rinobva mukuroverana kwemeteoroid nemwedzi midiki yeJupiter.
Mwedzi waJupiter
Mwedzi weJupiter wakawanikwa unopfuura makumi manomwe nemapfumbamwe kusvika pari zvino, uye mina yacho, inozivikanwa seMwedzi dzeGalilean, inozivikanwa zvikuru. Mwedzi iyi yakawanikwa naGalileo Galilei muna 1610 uye inosanganisira Io, Europa, Ganymede, naCallisto.
Io
Io ndiyo muviri unonyanya kushanda nekuputika kwemakomo muzuva . Pamusoro payo pazere nemazana emakomo anoputika anogara achiputika, zvichikonzera shanduko huru muchimiro chemwedzi. Kuputika kwegomo kweIo kunokonzerwa nekukweva kweJupiter nemimwe mwedzi yayo, izvo zvinokonzera kupisa kwemukati kuburikidza nemhedzisiro yemvura.
Europe
Europa inonyanya kufarirwa nevasayendisiti nekuti inogona kunge ine gungwa pasi peganda rayo rine chando. Ruzivo rwakabva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana runoratidza kuti mvura yemunyu yakanyunguduka pasi peganda rine chando. Izvi zvinoita kuti Europa ive imwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kuvimbisa dzekutsvaga hupenyu hwehutachiona huri kunze kwenyika.
Ganymede
Ganymede ndiyo mwedzi mukuru pane yose mu solar system, yakakura kupfuura planet Mercury. Ganymede ndiyo mwedzi wega une simba rayo remagineti, kunyangwe usina simba rakawanda pane weJupiter. Pamusoro payo pane musanganiswa wechando nedombo, ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoratidza maitiro akaomarara e tectonic.
Callisto
Callisto ndiyo nzvimbo iri kure kupfuura dzimwe dzose dzemwedzi mina yeGalilean uye ndeimwe yezvinhu zvinonyanya kukanganiswa muzuva . Pamusoro payo pakazara makomba, zvichiratidza nhoroondo refu yekukanganiswa nemeteoroids nemacomets.
Basa reKutsvagurudza reJupiter
Mishando yakati wandei yakatangwa kuti ienderere mberi nekudzidza nezveJupiter. Mimwe yemikana yakakurumbira inosanganisira Galileo, Juno, uye dzimwe ngarava dzePioneer neVoyager dzinofamba-famba.
Galileo
Yakatangwa neNASA muna 1989, Galileo ndiyo yaive basa rekutanga kupinda muJupiter's orbit uye yakadzidza system yeJupiter zvakakwana kwemakore anoda kusvika masere. Basa iri rakapa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvemhepo yeJupiter, mwedzi wayo, uye magnetosphere yayo.
Juno
Basa reJuno, rakatangwa muna 2011, rakagadzirirwa kudzidza nezvemaumbirwo eJupiter nemaumbirwo emukati. Izvi zvakabvumira masayendisiti kuti vanzwisise zvakadzama nezvemhepo yepasi, simba remagineti, uye simba rinokwevera pasi. Chimwe chezvakawanikwa zvinoshamisa naJuno ndechekuti moyo weJupiter unogona kunge wakaumbwa nezvinhu zvakapararira zvakanyanya, pane zvaifungidzirwa kare.
Mhedziso
Jupiter, nekusiyana kwayo kwese, inoramba ichikwezva fungidziro dzevanhu uye kuda kuziva. Kubva kumadutu makuru kusvika kuhurongwa hwakaoma hwemwedzi, pasi rino rinopa zvakawanda zvekudzidza nekunzwisisa. Kuburikidza nekutsvaga nekuferefeta kuri kuramba kuchiita, tinoramba tichiwana ruzivo rutsva runovandudza ruzivo rwedu kwete rweJupiter chete asiwo rwezuva nenyika yese.
Kuvapo kweJupiter kwete chete sehombe yegesi asiwo semuchengeti wezuva, ichidzivirira macomet nema asteroids kuti asakanganisa Pasi, zvinoratidza basa rayo rinokosha mukuchengetedza kuenzana kwenyika yakatipoteredza. Patinodzidza zvakawanda nezveJupiter, ndipo patinoona kuti yakaoma uye inonakidza sei.
