Taitara: Te Mārama ki ngā Pūtake Oro: Ngā Āhuatanga Taiao me te Hangarau
Pendahuluan
He wāhanga nui te oro o te oranga o ia rā. Me te kore e mōhio, he maha ngā wā ka karapotia tātou e ngā oro mai i ngā momo pūtake, mai i te taiao me te horihori. Mai i ngā oro taiao pēnei i te hau me te wai ki ngā oro e whakaputaina ana e ngā hangarau hou, he mea nui ngā pūtake oro ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ki te whakangahau, tae noa ki te whakatūpato i ngā tūponotanga. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga ngā pūtake o te oro, te āhua o te whakaputanga o te oro, me tōna tūranga ki ō tātou oranga.
1. He aha te Oro?
Ko te oro he ngaru e puta mai ana i ngā wiri, e horapa ana i roto i tētahi reo pērā i te hau, te wai, ngā mea totoka rānei. Kia rangona ai te oro, me tae atu ēnei wiri ki ō tātou taringa, kātahi ka whakamāramatia e te roro. Ka tīmata tēnei tukanga ina wiri tetahi mea, ka hangaia he ngaru pēhanga i te rangi e haere ana i ngā taha katoa. Kātahi ka hopukina ēnei ngaru e te taringa, ka whakamāoritia hei tohu e te roro, ā, i te mutunga ka kitea he oro.
2. Ngā Pūtake Oro Taiao
Ko ngā pūtake oro taiao e ahu mai ana i ngā āhuatanga e puta ana i te taiao, kāore he wawaotanga a te tangata. Ko ētahi o ngā pūtake oro taiao ko ngā kararehe, te wai, te hau, me ngā āhuatanga whenua pēnei i ngā rū whenua.
a. Kararehe: He maha ngā kararehe e whakamahi ana i te oro hei huarahi whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. Hei tauira, ka waiata ngā manu hei kukume i ngā hoa, hei tohu rānei i te rohe, ko ngā aihe ia e whakamahi ana i te oro hei whakatere me te kimi kai i te moana.
b. Wai: Ka puta hoki te oro i te wai e rere ana, e taka ana rānei. Hei tauira, ko te oro o ngā ngaru e pakaru ana i te takutai, ko te oro o te wairere e tere ana, he tauira tino pai tēnei o te wai hei pūtake o te oro.
c. Hau: Ina pupuhi te hau i roto i ngā rākau, i ngā āputa rānei, ka rangona he haruru. Ka taea hoki e te hau te neke i ētahi atu mea, pērā i ngā rau, i ngā manga rānei, ka taea ai e ēnei te whakanui ake i te kounga o ngā oro taiao.
d. Ngā Āhuatanga Ā-Ao: Ahakoa he onge, ka taea e ngā pūtake oro pēnei i ngā rū whenua, i ngā pahūtanga puia rānei te whakaputa i ngā oro tino nui ka rangona mai i tawhiti.
3. Ngā Pūtake Oro Horihori
He rerekē ki ngā oro taiao, ko ngā pūtake oro horihori he oro i puta mai i ngā mahi a te tangata, i ngā hangarau rānei. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā taonga puoro, ngā mīhini, me ētahi atu taputapu hiko.
a. Ngā Taonga Puoro: Ko te whakatangi i tētahi taonga puoro tētahi o ngā huarahi tino noa ki te whakaputa oro. He huarahi motuhake tō ia taonga puoro ki te huri i ngā wiri hei oro, pērā i te tango i te aho o te kitā, te pupuhi rānei i te karāneti.
b. Ngā Mīhini: Mai i ngā mīhini wheketere ki ngā waka, he puna nui ngā mīhini i te haruru i te ao hou. Ka puta te oro i ngā mīhini hei hua o ngā mahi miihini e uru ana ki ngā wāhanga neke maha.
c. Ngā Pūrere Hiko: Kua hangaia e ngā hangarau hou he whānuitanga o ngā taputapu hiko e whakaputa ana i te oro. Hei tauira, ka hurihia e ngā kaikorero i roto i ngā waea atamai, i ngā pouaka whakaata rānei ngā tohu hiko hei oro.
4. Tikanga Whakaputa Oro
Ko te whakaputanga oro he mea wiri te nuinga. Ka tīmata te tukanga ina pāngia te mea e te kaha. Ka hangaia e tēnei wiri ngā ngaru oro e rere ana i te rangi, i tētahi atu mea rānei kia tae rā anō ki ō tātou taringa. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā taonga puoro, ka wiri ngā aho kua tangohia, ka puta te oro. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakanuia ēnei wiri e te tinana o te taonga puoro, e mahi ana hei resonator.
5. He aha tātou ka rongo ai i ngā oro rerekē?
He rerekē te rongonga o ia tangata i ngā oro, i runga i ētahi āhuatanga, tae atu ki:
a. Auautanga: He rerekē ngā auautanga o ngā oro, e whakatau ana i te teitei, te iti rānei o aua auautanga. Ka inehia te auautanga ki te hertz (Hz), ā, ka taea e te tangata te whakarongo i waenga i te 20 Hz me te 20.000 Hz. Ko ngā oro he auau teitei ake ka mōhiotia ko te ultrasonic, ko ngā oro he auau iti iho ka kiia ko te infrasonic.
b. Kaha: He ine tēnei i te kaha o te oro, e inehia ana i roto i ngā desipere (dB). Ka pā kino pea te rongo ina nui rawa te oro.
c. Timbre: Ko te timbre he āhuatanga e rerekē ai te tangi o ngā oro e rua he rite te auau me te kaha, hei tauira te tangi o te vaiorine me te piano.
6. Te Hiranga o te Oro i te Ao
He mea nui te tangi i roto i ngā āhuatanga maha o te ao, tae atu ki:
a. Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero: He mea nui te oro i roto i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. Mā te oro ka taea e te tangata te whakapuaki mārama i ō rātou whakaaro me ō rātou kare ā-roto.
b. Whakangahau: He nui te whakawhirinaki o ngā umanga puoro me te kiriata ki te oro hei waihanga i tētahi wheako ahuareka, whakahihiri hoki mō te hunga mātakitaki.
c. Haumaru: Ka whakamahia hoki te oro hei taputapu whakatūpato. Hei tauira, he mea hanga te whakaoho ahi, te haona rānei mō te tūponotanga, hei whakatūpato rānei i tētahi āhuatanga ohorere.
7. Te Pānga o te Oro ki te Hauora
Ahakoa he whānui ngā painga o te tangi, ka pā kino pea te nui rawa o te pānga ki te hauora, tae atu ki:
a. Te Ngaronga o te Whakarongo: Mā te rongonga i ngā oro kaha mō te wā roa ka pakaru ngā pūtau makawe o te taringa, ka ngaro te whakarongo tuturu.
b. Taumahatanga: Ka taea e te haruru nui, te haruru tonu rānei te whakanui ake i ngā taumata ahotea, ā, ka pā ki te hauora hinengaro.
c. Ngā Whakararuraru Moe: Ka taea e te haruru i te pō te whakararuraru i ngā tauira moe, ka puta ai te ngenge me ētahi atu raruraru hauora.
Whakamutunga
He āhuatanga uaua, he mea whakamīharo hoki te oro, he maha ngā pūtake. Mai i te taiao ki te mea hanga e te tangata, he rerekē te mahi me ngā painga o ia pūtake oro i roto i te oranga o ia rā. Ahakoa te maha o ngā whakamahinga, he mea nui kia mōhio me te whakahaere i te nui rawa o te pānga oro kia mau tonu ai te hauora o te whakarongo me te oranga whānui. Mā te mārama ake ki ngā pūtake me ngā āhuatanga o te oro, ka taea e tātou te maioha ake ki te noho o te oro e karapoti nei i a tātou, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi tika.
