Pūtaiao

Te Mārama ki te Tawhiti
Ko te tawhiti te roa o te ara e haerea ana e tētahi mea. He rahinga tauine te tawhiti, he rahinga ā-tinana kāore he rahinga, kāore he ahunga. Ko te waeine ā-ao mō te tawhiti ko te mita, e whakarapopototia ana ko m. Ko te tohu mō te tawhiti ko s.

Te Whakamāramatanga o te Nekehanga
Ko te nekehanga te panoni i te tūnga o tētahi mea. He rahinga whārite te nekehanga, he rahinga ā-tinana kei a ia te rahi me te ahunga. Ka taea te whakaatu i te ahunga o te nekehanga hei ahunga matua (raki, rawhiti, tonga, hauauru, me ētahi atu) mā te whakamahi rānei i ngā kupu maui, matau, runga, raro rānei.

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Te ture tiaki o te nekehanga koki i kī mai mēnā te hua o te nekehanga kaha i roto i tētahi mea pūmau e hurihuri ana, ko te uara he kore te nekehanga koki He mea pūmau e neke haere tonu ana i roto i te nekehanga hurihuri. Ka taea te whakaputa i te tātai mō te ture tiaki o te nekehanga koki mā te whakarerekē i te tātai mō te ture nekehanga tuarua a Newton mō te nekehanga koki.

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Mena he kaha hua kei runga i tētahi mea he papatipu m, ka neke te mea i roto i te rārangi tika me te whakaterenga a. Ko te whanaungatanga i waenga i te kaha hua, te papatipu me te whakaterenga ka whakaaturia mā te whārite:

Koinei te whārite o te ture tuarua a Newton i akohia i te akomanga X.

Ko te rahinga ā-tinana i roto i te nekehanga hurihuri e ōrite ana ki te kaha hua i roto i te nekehanga tika ko te iahiko o te kaha hua . Ko te rahinga ā-tinana i roto i te nekehanga hurihuri e ōrite ana ki te papatipu i roto i te nekehanga tika ko te iahiko o te korekore . Ko te rahinga ā-tinana i roto i te nekehanga hurihuri e ōrite ana ki te whakaterenga i roto i te nekehanga tika ko te whakaterenga koki.

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1. Kāhua Matatika
Mena he ōrite ki te kore te mahi i mahia e tētahi kaha i te tīmatanga o te neke o tētahi mea mai i tōna tūranga tīmatanga tae noa ki te hokinga o te mea ki tōna tūranga tīmatanga, ka kiia te kaha he kaha pūmau.
Anei ētahi tauira o ngā momo kāhua pūmau.

1.1. Te kaha ā-papatipu
Whakaarohia tētahi mea e neke poutū ana ki runga kia tae rā anō ki tōna teitei mōrahi, kātahi ka neke ki raro ki tōna tūranga taketake. I a ia e neke poutū ana ki runga i te tawhiti h, kei te taha kē te kaha o te papatipu i te nekehanga o te mea. Nā te mea kei te taha kē i te nekehanga o te mea, ka mahi kino te kaha o te papatipu ki te mea.
W = wh cos (180^o) = – wh = – mgh

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Ko te waku pumau te kaha waku e pā ana ki ngā mata o ngā mea e pā ana tetahi ki tetahi i te wā kāore ngā mea e neke ana.

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Ko te waku nekeneke te kaha waku e pā ana ki ngā mata o ngā mea e pā ana tetahi ki tetahi i te wā e neke ana ngā mea.
Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakatau i te kaha waku pūmau, whakamahia te whārite 1.5 a. Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakatau i te tauwehenga waku nekeneke, whakamahia te whārite 1.5 b.

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Rauemi Pūngao Kinetic i roto i te Nekehanga Hurihuri

Ko ngā mea e neke ana i te rārangi tika he pūngao nekeneke e taea ana te tatau mā te whakamahi i te tātai:
EK = ½ mv²
Ngā Mōhiohio:
EK = pūngao nekeneke (ko ngā waeine ā-ao ko kg m²/s² Joule rānei)
m = papatipu (ko te waeine ā-ao ko te kirokaramu, he whakarapopototanga ki te kg)
v = tere (ko te waeine ā-ao ko te mita/hēkona, he whakarāpopototanga m/h)
He ōrite te rahinga ā-tinana i roto i te nekehanga hurihuri ki papatipu (m) I te nekehanga tika ko te wā o te korekore (I)He ōrite te rahinga ā-tinana i roto i te nekehanga hurihuri ki tere (v) i roto i te nekehanga hurihuri ko tere kokiNō reira, he pūngao nekeneke tō te mea e hurihuri ana, ā, ka taea te tatau mā te whakamahi i te tātai:

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Pūngao Kinetic me te Rauemi Mahi Ahupūngao

Ki te pā te kaha kupenga ki tētahi mea, ka pāngia te mea e te whakaterenga (me te nekehanga). Ina pāngia te mea e te whakaterenga, ka rerekē tōna tere. Ka taea te kī ko te mahi i mahia e te kaha kupenga e pā ana ki ngā tere tīmatanga me ngā tere whakamutunga o te mea.
Ko te mahi i mahia ki runga i tētahi mea e te kaha katoa pumau:
Te kaha katoa (W) = Te kaha hua (F katoa) x te nekehanga (s)
E ai ki te Ture Tuarua o Newton, mēnā he kaha katoa e pā ana ki tētahi mea, ka pāngia taua mea e te whakaterenga.

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9 Ngā Tauira o Ngā Pātai Pakihi

1. Ka pāngia tētahi poraka e te kaha o te 20 Newtons tae noa ki te neke o te poraka ki te tawhiti o te 2 mita. Ko te mahi i mahia e te kaha F ki runga i te poraka ko…
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana :
Te kaha (F) = 20 N
Nekehanga (s) = 2 mita
Koki = 0 (he rite te ahunga o te kaha ki te ahunga o te nekehanga, ka ōrite rānei te ahunga o te kaha ki te ahunga o te nekehanga kia kore ai te koki i hangaia e te kaha me te nekehanga)

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Ko te tūāpapa tuatahi mō te taurite o te tinana pakari :
E ai ki te Ture Tuarua a Newton, mēnā kāore te kaha hua e pā ana ki tētahi mea (e kiia ana te mea he matūriki) e ōrite ki te kore, ka neke te mea me te whakaterenga pumau ina rite te ahunga o te nekehanga o te mea ki te ahunga o te kaha hua. Mēnā he kore te kaha hua, kei te okioki te mea, kei te neke rānei te mea i te tere pumau.

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