Tauira o ngā Pātai Kōrero mō te Mitosis
He tukanga wehewehe pūtau nui te mitosis i roto i ngā rauropi eukaryotic. Mā tēnei tukanga ka taea e ngā pūtau te tārua me te tohatoha i ngā rauemi ira ōrite ki ā rātou pūtau tamahine. He mea nui te ako i te mitosis mō ngā ākonga koiora nā te mea e hono tata ana ki te tipu, te whanaketanga, me te whakatikatika i ngā kiko i roto i ngā rauropi. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka matapakihia e mātou ētahi tauira raruraru e pā ana ki te mitosis me ā rātou otinga hei whakarato i te māramatanga pai ake mō tēnei tukanga pūtau taketake.
He Kupu Whakataki ki te Mitosis
I mua i te urunga atu ki ngā tauira pātai, he mea nui kia mārama ki ngā wāhanga o te mitosis. He maha ngā wāhanga o te mitosis:
1. Porowha: Ka tīmata te whakapoto o ngā ira tangata, ka tino tautuhia. Ka ngaro te nucleolus, ā, ka tīmata te hanga o te miro mitotic.
2. Prometaphase: Ka tīmata te pakaru o te kiriuhi karihi, ka taea ai e ngā microtubules te taunekeneke me ngā chromosomes.
3. Te Wāhanga-ā-ira: Ka whakarārangihia ngā ira-ira ki runga i te pereti wāhanga-ā-ira i waenganui o te pūtau.
4. Anaphase: Ka kumea ngā chromatid tuahine ki ngā pou rerekē o te pūtau.
5. Telophase: Ka tīmata te kiriuhi karihi ki te hanga hou huri noa i ngā huinga ira e rua.
6. Te cytokinesis: Ehara tēnei i te wāhanga o te mitosis tonu, engari he maha ngā wā ka puta tahi me te telophase, ka wehea te cytoplasm hei hanga i ngā pūtau tamahine e rua.
Ngā Pātai Tauira me te Kōrero
Pātai 1:
Whakamāramahia te hiranga o te mitosis mō ngā rauropi maha-pūtau.
Kōrero:
He mea nui te mitosis ki ngā rauropi maha-pūtau mō ētahi take:
– Te tipu: Mā te mitosis ka taea e ngā rauropi te tipu. Whai muri i te whakatōnga, me wehewehe te zygote kia maha ngā wā kia hanga he hanganga tinana tino matatini, tino oti hoki.
– Te Whakatika me te Whakaora: Ka pakaru ngā pūtau tinana i ia rā. Mā te mitosis ka taea e ngā pūtau hou te whakakapi i ngā mea kua pakaru, kua mate rānei. Hei tauira, ka whakahoutia tonutia ngā pūtau kiri me ngā pūtau toto mā te mitosis.
– Te Whakaputa Ira Kore: I roto i ētahi rauropi, he tikanga whakaputa uri anō hoki te mitosis. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā tipu, ngā mosses, me ētahi kararehe, pērā i te starfish, ka taea e te mitosis te whakaputa uri ira kore mā te whakaputa i ngā tārua ira o te matua.
Pātai 2:
Whakaingoatia, whakamāramahia hoki te raupapatanga o ngā wāhanga o te mitosis.
Kōrero:
Koinei te raupapa o ngā wāhanga o te mitosis:
1. Porowha: Ko tēnei wāhanga te tīmatanga o te mitosis. Ka tīmata te whakawhāiti i te chromatin hei chromosomes, ka kitea i raro i te karuārai. Ka wehe ngā centrosomes ka neke ki ngā pou rerekē o te pūtau, ka hanga he muka porowhita.
2. Prometaphase: Ka pakaru te kiriuhi karihi, ka tukuna ngā chromosomes ki roto i te cytoplasm. Ka taea e ngā microtubules mai i te mitotic spindle te here ki ngā kinetochores o ngā chromosomes.
3. Metaphase: Ka eke ngā ira ki te taurite i te pereti metaphase, he tūranga kei waenganui o te pūtau ō rātou pokapū.
4. Anaphase: Ka wehe ngā chromatids tuahine o ia chromosome, ka kumea ki ngā pou rerekē e ngā microtubules spindle.
5. Telophase: Kei te tata te pūtau ki te mutunga o te mitosis. Ka tīmata te wetewete o ngā chromosome, ā, ka hurihia te kiriuhi karihi huri noa i ia chromosome i ngā pito e rua o te pūtau.
6. Te cytokinesis (whai muri i te telophase): Te wehenga o te cytoplasm ka hua ake ai te hanganga o ngā pūtau tamahine e rua.
Pātai 3:
He aha ngā rerekētanga i waenganui i te mitosis me te meiosis me ō rāua hua me ā rāua mahi i roto i ngā rauropi?
Kōrero:
He rerekē ngā tukanga wehewehe pūtau o te mitosis me te meiosis, ā, he rerekē ngā mahi:
– Te Mitosis:
– Hua Whakamutunga: E rua ngā pūtau tamāhine he ōrite ki te pūtau matua, he rite te maha o ngā ira-ira o ia pūtau ki te pūtau matua (he ira-rua mēnā he ira-rua te pūtau matua).
– Mahi: Whakamahia mō te tipu, te whakatikatika, me te whakaora i te kiko i roto i ngā rauropi maha-pūtau, tae atu ki te whakaputa uri kore-ira i roto i ētahi rauropi.
– Meiosis:
– Hua Whakamutunga: E whā ngā pūtau gamete kāore i te ōrite, he haurua te maha o ngā ira o ia pūtau matua (haploid).
– Mahi: Te whakaputa i ngā pūtau gamete (te parāoa me ngā hua manu) hei whakaputa uri ā-ira, e āhei ai te whakakotahitanga ira me te rerekētanga o ngā uri.
Pātai 4:
Ka mātakitaki koe i tētahi pūtau i raro i te karuārai, ā, ka kite koe i ngā ira-kōroma e whakarārangihia ana i waenganui o te pūtau. Kei roto te pūtau i tēhea wāhanga i te wā o te mitosis?
Kōrero:
Kei roto te pūtau i te metaphase. I tēnei wāhanga, ka tū ngā ira katoa ki te pereti metaphase, te pokapū o te pūtau, ā, he tohu motuhake tēnei o te metaphase i roto i te mitosis.
Pātai 5:
He aha te mea ka tupu mēnā ka puta he hapa i te wā o te mitosis?
Kōrero:
Mena ka puta he hapa i te wā o te mitosis, ka puta pea ēnei:
– Ngā Huringa Ira: Ka puta pea ngā whakarerekētanga ira i ngā hapa o te wehenga o ngā ira, ka pā ki te mahi a te pūtau.
– Matepukupuku: Ko ngā hapa e hua ai te tipu pūtau kāore i te whakahaeretia ka arahi pea ki te matepukupuku. He maha ngā wā ka puta tēnei ina he kino ki ngā ira e whakahaere ana i te huringa pūtau.
– Ngā Mate me ngā Āhuatanga Kino: He maha ngā mate me ngā āhua koretake ka puta mai i te wehenga pūtau kāore i tino tika, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga rerekē i puta mai i te tāruarua, te mukunga rānei o ngā ira.
Whakamutunga
He mea nui te mārama ki te mitosis ki te koiora nā te mea he mahi nui tēnei ki te tipu, te whakatikatika, me te whakaputa uri. Mā te mārama ki ngā pātai i runga ake nei, ka taea te mārama ake ki te wehenga pūtau mā te mitosis. Mā te ako i ngā wāhanga me te pehea e pā kino ai ngā hapa i roto i te tukanga ka nui ake te māramatanga ki te hiranga o te whakahaere pūtau i roto i te ora. Ko te mitosis, me tōna māmā me tōna uaua, he kaupapa wero me te whakamīharo tonu mā ngā ākonga me ngā kairangahau i roto i te koiora.
