Ngaphambi kokubukeza ifomula yesibuko esijiyile, qala uqonde imithetho eminingana yezimpawu zesibuko esijiyile.
Imithetho Yesibonakaliso Sesibuko Esiyindilinga
- Ibanga lezinto (ama)
Uma into iphambi kobuso besibuko obubonisa ukukhanya, lapho ukukhanya kudlula khona entweni, khona-ke ibanga lento (s) kuyinto enhle.
- Ibanga lesithombe (s')
Uma isithunzi siphambi kobuso besibuko obubonisa ukukhanya, lapho ukukhanya kudlula khona esithunzini, khona-ke ibanga lesithunzi (s') kuyinto enhle (isithombe sangempela). Uma isithombe singemuva kobuso besibuko obubonisa ukukhanya, lapho ukukhanya kungadluli khona esithombeni, khona-ke ibanga lesithunzi kuyinto engemihle (isithombe esibonakalayo).
- Irediyasi yokugoba (R)
Isikhungo sokugoba kwesibuko esijikijelwayo singemuva kobuso obukhanyayo besibuko, lapho ukukhanya kungadluli khona, ngakho-ke irediyasi yokugoba yesibuko esijikijelwayo imbi. Uma irediyasi yokugoba imbi, ubude obuqondile (f) nabo bumbi.
- Ukuphakama kwento (h)
Uma into ingaphezu kwe-axis eyinhloko yesibuko esijiyile khona-ke ukuphakama kwento (h) kuyinto enhle (into eqondile). Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma into ingaphansi kwe-axis eyinhloko yesibuko esijiyile khona-ke ukuphakama kwento kuyinto engemihle (into ephendukezelwe).
- Ukuphakama kwesithunzi (h')
Uma isithombe singaphezu kwe-axis eyinhloko yesibuko esijikijelwayo khona-ke ukuphakama kwesithombe (h') kuqondile (isithombe siqondile). Uma isithombe singaphansi kwe-axis eyinhloko yesibuko esijikijelwayo, ukuphakama kwesithombe kuphansi (isithombe sijikijeliwe).
- Ukukhulisa isithombe (m)
Uma ukukhulisa isithombe > 1 khona-ke usayizi wesithombe mkhulu kunosayizi wento. Uma ukukhulisa isithombe = 1 khona-ke usayizi wesithombe ufana nosayizi wento. Uma ukukhulisa isithombe < 1 khona-ke usayizi wesithombe mncane kunosayizi wento.
Ifomula Yesibuko Esiyi-Convex
Bheka isithombe esingezansi. Kunemisebe emibili yokukhanya eboniswa esibukweni esiqondile, bese imisebe yokukhanya iboniswa yisibuko esiqondile.
Isihlokwana:
s = ibanga lento, s' = ibanga lesithombe, h = P P' = ukuphakama kwento, h' = Q Q' = ukuphakama kwesithombe, F = indawo egxile esibukweni esijiyile.
Ku-P'AS yokukhanya, unxantathu u-P'AP ufana nonxantathu u-Q'AQ. Ngakho-ke:
Ku-P'BR yokukhanya, unxantathu i-BFA ufana nonxantathu i-Q'FQ lapho ibanga i-AB = ukuphakama kwento (h) kanye nebanga i-FA = ubude be-focal (f) besibuko esiqondile. Ngakho-ke:
Izinhlangothi zesobunxele nesokudla zezibalo 1 no-2 ziyalingana, ngakho-ke izinhlangothi zesokudla ziyalingana:
Phindaphinda izinhlangothi zombili zesibalo ngo-s' :
Ngokusekelwe emithethweni yezimpawu zesibuko eziqondile, le fomula ingashintshwa ukuze ibukeke kanje: ifomula yesibuko esigobile, Uma ibanga lesithombe (s') unikezwa uphawu olubi ngoba isithunzi asidluliswanga yimisebe yokukhanya futhi ubude bokugxila (f) futhi inikezwa uphawu olubi ngoba indawo egxile esibukweni esijikijelwayo ayidluliswa umsebe wokukhanya (qhathanisa nesithombe sokwakheka kwesithombe esingenhla). Ngokuvumelana nalesi sitatimende, ifomula yesibuko esijikijelwayo esingenhla ishintshela ku:
Incazelo: s = ibanga lento, s' = ibanga lesithombe, f = ubude bokugxila.
Khumbula njalo umthetho wesibonakaliso sesibuko esijiyile uma usebenzisa le fomula ukuxazulula izinkinga zesibuko esijiyile.
Ukukhuliswa Kwesithombe (m)
Bheka isithombe sokwakheka kwesithunzi sento ngenhla. Onxantathu i-P'AP ne-Q'AQ bayafana, ngakho-ke singathola ubudlelwano phakathi kwebanga lento kanye nebanga lesithunzi nokuphakama kwento kanye nokuphakama kwesithunzi:
Le fomula ibhalwe futhi njengoba ingezansi ngokwengeza u-m:
Imininingwane:
m = ukukhuliswa kwesithombe
h = ukuphakama kwento (okuqondile uma into ingaphezu kwe-axis yesibuko esiqondile noma into eqondile. Okungalungile uma into ibheke phansi)
h' = ukuphakama kwesithombe (okuqondile uma isithombe singaphezu kwe-axis yesibuko esiqondile noma isithombe siqondile. Okungalungile uma isithombe siphendukezelwe)
s = ibanga lento (elihle uma into idluliswa umsebe wokukhanya wesigameko)
s' = ibanga lesithombe (elihle uma isithombe sidlulile emsebeni wokukhanya kanye nelibi uma isithombe singadlulile emsebeni wokukhanya)
Isibonelo Sezinkinga Zesibuko Esiguquguqukayo
I-Pelajari isibonelo sesibuko esijiyile ukuze uqonde kangcono indlela yokusebenzisa ifomula yesibuko esijiyile.
Imibuzo Yokuzijwayeza Yesibuko Esiguquguqukayo
Kwenze imibuzo yokuzijwayeza esibukweni esijiyile ukuze ube nekhono lokuxazulula izinkinga zesibuko eziqondile.
