1. I-pendulum elula yakhiwe ngentambo enobude obungu-40 cm kanye nesisindo esingamagremu ayi-100 ilenga ekugcineni kwentambo. Uma ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kungu-10 m/s2 Ngakho-ke isikhathi kanye nokuvama kwe-pendulum elula...
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I-Diketahui :
Ubude bentambo (l) = 40 cm = 0,4 amamitha
Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s2
Kubuziwe : Inkathi (T) kanye nemvamisa (f)
Izibonelo ezi-5 ze-modulus kaYoung yezinkinga zokucindezeleka nokuqina kokuqina
1. Intambo ye-nylon engu-2 mm ububanzi idonswa ngamandla angama-Newton ayi-100. Thola ukucindezeleka entanjeni!
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I-Diketahui :
Amandla okudonsa (F) = 100 Newton
Ububanzi bentambo (d) = 2 mm = 0,002 amamitha
Irediyasi yentambo (r) = 1 mm = 0,001 imitha
Kubuziwe : Ukucindezeleka kwentambo
Izibonelo ezi-7 zemibuzo yomthamo we-capacitor yepuleti elihambisanayo
1. I-capacitor yepuleti elihambisanayo elinamandla angu-C linokuvumela kwe-vacuum okungu-εo, indawo enqamulayo A kanye nebanga phakathi kwamapuleti d. Uma indawo enqamulayo ye-capacitor ikhuliswa izikhathi ezi-4, ibanga phakathi kwamapuleti liba ngu-2d kanti imvume ye-vacuum iba ngu-5εo,maka umthamo we-capacitor yepuleti elihambisanayo kuphenduka…
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Izibonelo ezingu-9 zezinkinga zenjini yokushisa (ukusetshenziswa komthetho wesibili we-thermodynamics)
1. Komunye umjikelezo, injini imunca amaJoules angu-3000 okushisa okuvela endaweni yokugcina ukushisa okuphezulu bese yenqaba amaJoules angu-1000 okushisa iye endaweni yokugcina ukushisa okuphansi. Thola ukusebenza kahle kwenjini yokushisa!
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Injini yokushisa Igama elithi "carnot" emibuzweni ekuleli khasi alifani nenjini yeCarnot. Injini yeCarnot iyinjini yokushisa efanelekile futhi ikhona ngokwemfundiso kuphela. Ngokuphambene nalokho, injini yokushisa okukhulunywa ngayo kulo mbuzo iyinjini yokushisa yangempela, hhayi injini yokushisa engokwemfundiso (injini yeCarnot).
11 Izibonelo zemibuzo mayelana nokusetshenziswa komthetho wokuqala we-thermodynamics ezinqubweni ezahlukene ze-thermodynamic (i-isobaric, i-isothermal, i-isochoric)
1. Igrafu engezansi ikhombisa umjikelezo we-thermodynamic obonwa yigesi. Umsebenzi owenziwa yigesi enqubweni i-ABCD…
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I-Diketahui :
Ingcindezi 1 (P)1) = 2 x 105 Pa
Ingcindezi 2 (P)2) = 4 x 105 Pa
Umqulu 1 (V)1= 1m3
Umqulu 2 (V)2= 3m3
Kubuziwe : Umsebenzi owenziwe yigesi enqubweni yomjikelezo we-ABCD
Jawab :
Umsebenzi owenziwe ngegesi = indawo yesikwele i-ABCD.
W = (P)2 - P1)(V)2 - V1)
W = (4 x 105 - 2 x 105)(3 – 1)
W = (2 x 105)(2)
W = 4 x 105 Joule
Umsebenzi owenziwe yigesi enqubweni yomjikelezo we-ABCD u-4 x 105 UJoule.
3 Izibonelo zemibuzo mayelana nokusetshenziswa komthetho wokuqala we-thermodynamics ezinqubweni ze-isochoric (ivolumu eqhubekayo)
1. Igrafu yokucindezela (P) ngokumelene nomthamo (V) wegesi edlula enkambisweni ye-isochoric. Umsebenzi owenziwa yigesi enkambisweni ye-AB…
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Inqubo AB = inqubo ye-isochoric (ivolumu engaguquki). Uma ivolumu ye-isochoric iphezulu, ivolumu yegesi (kanye nevolumu yesikhala) ayishintshi ngakho akukho msebenzi owenziwa yigesi.
2. Ama-mole amathathu egesi ye-monatomic ekushiseni okungu-47 o C kanye nokucindezela okungu-2 x 10 5 UPascal udlula enkambisweni ye-isochoric kuze kube yilapho ukucindezela kukhuphukela ku-3 x 10 5 UPascal. Ushintsho emandleni angaphakathi egesi lu… I-Universal gas constant (R) = 8,315 J/mol.K
Izibonelo ezi-5 zokusebenzisa umthetho wokuqala we-thermodynamics ezinqubweni ze-isothermal (izinga lokushisa elihlala njalo)
1. Igrafu engezansi ikhombisa igesi efanelekile edlulayo inqubo ye-isothermal (indlela). Umsebenzi owenziwe yigesi enqubweni i-AB…
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Umsebenzi owenziwe = indawo engaphansi kwejika AB = indawo yonxantathu + indawo yonxantathu
W = [½ (8 x 10)5–4 x 105)(3-1)] + [4 x 105 (3-1)]
W = [½ (4 x 10)5)(2)] + [4 x 105 (2)]
W = [4 x 105] + [8 x 105]
W = 12 x 105 Joule
Izibonelo ezi-6 zemibuzo mayelana nokusetshenziswa komthetho wokuqala we-thermodynamics ezinqubweni ze-isobaric (ukucindezela okuqhubekayo)
1. Ingcindezi (P) – igrafu yevolumu (V) yegesi edlula enqubweni ye-isobaric. Umsebenzi owenziwa yigesi enqubweni i-AB…
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I-Diketahui :
Ukucindezela (P) = 5 x 105 N / m2
Ivolumu yokuqala (V)1= 2m3
Umqulu wokugcina (V)2= 6m3
Kubuziwe : umsebenzi owenziwe enqubweni AB
Izibonelo ezi-3 zemibuzo ngomthetho wokuqala we-thermodynamics
1. Ama-Joules angu-3000 okushisa ayengezwa ohlelweni, futhi uhlelo lwenza ama-Joules angu-2500 omsebenzi endaweni ezungezile. Ushintsho lwamandla angaphakathi ohlelweni…
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I-Diketahui :
Ukushisa (Q) = +3000 amaJoules
Umsebenzi (W) = +2500 amaJoules
Kubuziwe : izinguquko emandleni angaphakathi
Jawab :
Izibonelo ezingu-19 ze-Kinetic Theory yamagesi
1. Igesi efanelekile esitsheni esivaliwe ekuqaleni inomfutho u-P kanye nomthamo u-V. Uma umfutho wegesi ukhuphuka ufike kane kunowokuqala futhi umthamo wegesi uhlala ungaguquki, isilinganiso samandla okuqala e-kinetic kanye namandla okugcina e-kinetic egesi...
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I-Diketahui :
Ingcindezi yokuqala (P)1) = P
Ingcindezi yokugcina (P)2) = 4P
Ivolumu yokuqala (V)1) = V
Umqulu wokugcina (V)2) = V