Indawo Yezwe Yase-Indonesia
I-Indonesia iyizwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni eliyi-archipelago, eliseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Indawo yayo ehlelekile ngokwendawo iyenza icebile ngokwehlukahlukana kwamasiko kanye nezinto eziphilayo, kanye namathuba ezomnotho. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ngokujulile indawo yase-Indonesia kanye nemiphumela yayo.
1. Isikhundla Sendawo
Ngokwendawo, i-Indonesia itholakala phakathi kwamazwekazi amabili nezilwandle ezimbili: i-Asia ne-Australia, kanye nezilwandle zaseNdiya nasePacific. Lokhu kubeka i-Indonesia enkabazwe, okwenza ibe nesimo sezulu esishisayo esinezinkathi ezimbili: isikhathi semvula kanye nesomiso.
I-Indonesia isukela ku-95° East kuya ku-141° East longitude, kanye nokusukela ku-6° North kuya ku-11° South latitude. Leli zwe linamaqhingi angaphezu kuka-17.000, kanti amahlanu amakhulu kunawo wonke yiSumatra, iKalimantan, iSulawesi, iPapua, neJava. Kulawa, cishe angu-6.000 kuphela ahlalwa ngabantu.
2. Imingcele Yendawo
I-Indonesia ihlanganyela imingcele yomhlaba kanye neyasolwandle namazwe amaningana. Ezweni, i-Indonesia ihlanganyela imingcele neMalaysia esiqhingini saseBorneo, iPapua New Guinea esiqhingini sasePapua, kanye neTimor Leste esiqhingini saseTimor. Olwandle, i-Indonesia ihlanganyela imingcele neSingapore, iPhilippines, i-Australia, iPalau, kanye neNdiya (ikakhulukazi iziQhingi zase-Andaman naseNicobar).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yase-Indonesia phakathi kwemizila emibili ebalulekile yokuhweba kanye nezilwandle ezimbili kwenza kube yindawo eyinhloko yokuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe. I-Strait of Malacca, ephakathi kweSumatra nePeninsular Malaysia, ingenye yemizila yemikhumbi ematasa kakhulu emhlabeni, exhumanisa izilwandle zaseNdiya nasePacific.
3. I-Topography kanye Nesimo Sezulu
Indawo yase-Indonesia ihlukahlukene kakhulu, inezintaba eziphakeme, izindawo eziphansi ezivundile, amahlathi amakhulu asezindaweni ezishisayo, kanye nogu oluhlukahlukene. I-Indonesia iyikhaya lezintaba-mlilo ezingaphezu kuka-400, ezingu-127 zazo ezisasebenza. Lezi zintaba-mlilo zakha ingxenye yePacific Ring of Fire, indawo enomsebenzi omkhulu we-tectonic. Phakathi kwezintaba-mlilo ezidumile kakhulu e-Indonesia kukhona iNtaba iKrakatoa neNtaba iMerapi.
Isimo sezulu sase-Indonesia esishisayo sisekela ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo okucebile kakhulu, okwenza kube ngelinye lamazwe anezinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Amahlathi ayo emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo ayikhaya lezinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo nezilwane, ezinye zazo ezingatholakali kwenye indawo, njenge-orangutan yaseSumatran, ubhejane waseJavan, kanye nodrako waseKomodo.
4. Imithelela Yezenhlalo Nezomnotho
Indawo yase-Indonesia inethonya elikhulu ezicini zenhlalo nezomnotho zezwe. Ngokwezenhlalo, indawo yase-Indonesia, ezungezwe amazwe amaningi, yenze indawo exubile yamasiko ahlukahlukene kanye nethonya lakwamanye amazwe kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Lokhu kubonakala ekwehlukeni kwamasiko, izilimi kanye nenkolo yezwe.
Ngokombono wezomnotho, lesi simo esibalulekile senza i-Indonesia ibe yisizinda esibalulekile sokuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe. I-Strait of Malacca, njengenye yemizila yemikhumbi ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, inikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile e-Indonesia emikhakheni yemikhumbi neyezohwebo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingcebo yayo yemithombo yemvelo, kokubili ezweni naselwandle, njenge-oyili, igesi, amalahle, kanye nokudoba, iwumthombo omkhulu wemali engenayo kuleli zwe.
5. Izinselele Zendawo
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi, indawo yase-Indonesia nayo inezinselele ezinkulu. Izimo zayo zemvelo ezisebenzayo ziyenza ibe sengozini yezinhlekelele zemvelo njengokuzamazama komhlaba, ama-tsunami, nokuqhuma kwezintaba-mlilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yayo enkabazwe, kanye nomswakama ophezulu, ibeka izinselele ngesimo sezikhukhula nokudilika komhlaba, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi semvula.
Indawo yeziqhingi ezikude zezwe nayo yenza kube nzima ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda ngokulinganayo. Uhulumeni wase-Indonesia kumele abhekane nezinselele zokuhamba nokuxhumana ukuqinisekisa intuthuko ngokulinganayo ezweni lonke.
6. Isu Lokuthuthukisa
Ibhekene nezinselele ezahlukahlukene futhi isebenzisa amandla endawo yayo, i-Indonesia ithuthukise amasu ahlukahlukene. Ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda enkulu, njengemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo, amabhuloho, kanye namachweba, kuye kwenziwa ukuthuthukisa ukuxhumana phakathi kweziqhingi. Emkhakheni wezokuvakasha, imithombo yemvelo emangalisayo yase-Indonesia iyasetshenziswa ukuheha izivakashi, okwandisa imali engenayo yesifunda futhi kudale imisebenzi.
I-Indonesia iyasebenza futhi kwezobudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe, isebenzisa isikhundla sayo samasu ukuze idlale indima ekugcineni ukuzinza kwesifunda kanye nomhlaba wonke. Njengelungu le-ASEAN kanye nezinye izinhlangano ezahlukahlukene zamazwe ngamazwe, i-Indonesia idlala indima ebalulekile emizileni yokuxhumana kanye nokubambisana phakathi kwamazwe.
Isiphetho
Sekukonke, indawo yase-Indonesia iveza inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yezinzuzo nezinselele. Indawo yayo ehlelekile iletha izinzuzo ezahlukene zomnotho nezenhlalo, kodwa futhi idinga ukulungela ukubhekana nezinselele zemvelo nezentuthuko. Ukuqonda kahle indawo yase-Indonesia kubalulekile ekwakheni izinqubomgomo zentuthuko esimeme ukuze kube nenhlalakahle yabantu bayo kanye nokusimama kwemvelo. Njengezwe elicebile ngamakhono, izinselele, namathuba, i-Indonesia iyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka njengensika ebalulekile esifundeni saseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nasemhlabeni jikelele.
