Ifomula Yokumelana Nogesi
Esihlokweni esiphathelene nomthetho ka-Ohm, kutholakale ifomula echaza ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-voltage kagesi (V), i-electrical current (I) kanye nokumelana kagesi (R). Ngokwezibalo, ivezwa nge-equation:
Lesi sibalo sibonisa ukuthi ukumelana kukagesi (R) kuhambelana ngqo ne-voltage kagesi (V) futhi kuhambisana ngokuphambene nomsinga kagesi (I). Uma i-voltage kagesi inkulu, ukumelana kukhulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma umsinga kagesi umkhulu, ukumelana kukhulu. Lesi sibalo sichaza umthetho we-Ohm kuphela uma ukumelana (R) kungaguquki. Uma ukumelana kungaguquki, lesi sibalo asichazi umthetho we-Ohm kodwa sichaza ukumelana komqhubi.
Esihlokweni esinesihloko esithi Umthetho ka-Ohm, ubudlelwano phakathi kokumelana komqhubi (R), ukumelana komqhubi (ρ), ubude bomqhubi (l) kanye nendawo yesigaba esinqamulayo somqhubi (A) nakho kuyachazwa . Ngokwezibalo, kuvezwa kulesi sibalo:
Ngokusekelwe kulesi sibalo, kuphethwa ngokuthi ukumelana kuhambelana ngqo nokumelana nobude bomqhubi, kodwa kuhambisana ngokuphambene nendawo enqamulayo yomqhubi. Ngamanye amazwi, ukumelana kuyanda njengoba ukumelana nobude bomqhubi kuyanda. Ukumelana kuyancipha njengoba indawo enqamulayo yomqhubi ikhula.
Uma ubude bomqhubi (l) kanye nendawo enqamulayo (A) kungaguquguquki, khona-ke ukumelana (R) kuncike kuphela ekumelaneni (ρ). Njengoba ukumelana kukhuphuka, ukumelana kuyanda. Njengoba ukumelana kuncipha, ukumelana kukagesi kuyancipha. Inani lokumelana lomqhubi ngamunye lilingana ngqo nokushisa. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, ukumelana kuyanda, noma okuphambene nalokho, uma izinga lokushisa liphansi, ukumelana kuyancipha.
Ukuqhuba
I-inverse ye -resistivity yi-conductivity. I-conductivity ilingana ngokuphambene ne-resistivity, njengoba kuboniswe ku-equation engezansi:
Uma kuvezwa ngokwemigomo yokuqhuba, i-equation 2 ishintsha ibe yi:
Ngokusekelwe kulesi sibalo, kuphethwa ngokuthi ukumelana kukagesi kuhambisana ngokuphambene nokuqhuba, uma ukuqhubela komqhubi kukhulu, ukumelana kuncane, noma okuphambene nalokho, uma ukuqhubela komqhubi kuncane, ukumelana kukhulu.
Amanani okumelana nezinto ezibonakalayo aboniswe kuthebula elingezansi.
Iyunithi
Iyunithi ye-voltage kagesi yi-Volt, iyunithi yamandla kagesi yi-Ampere, ngakho-ke iyunithi yokumelana yi-Volt/Ampere. I-Volt/Ampere ibizwa nangokuthi i-Ohm, efanekiselwa yi-Ω, ihlonipha uGeorg Simon Ohm (1789-1854), isazi sefiziksi saseJalimane. Ngaphandle kwe-Ohm, kusetshenziswa amayunithi e-kiloohm kanye ne-megaohm. I-kiloohm eyi-1 (kΩ) = 1000 Ω = 10 3 Ω, kuyilapho i-megaohm eyi-1 (MΩ) = 1000.000 Ω = 10 6 Ω.
Ithuluzi lokulinganisa
Ithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukukala ukumelana kagesi yi-ohmmeter. Leli thuluzi lokulinganisa lihlanganiswe ne-multimeter, idivayisi yokulinganisa i-voltage, i-current, kanye ne-resistance. Ama-ohmmeter axoxwa ngokujulile esihlokweni esimayelana nezinsimbi zokulinganisa kagesi.
