Ukunyakaza okujikelezayo

Impilo yethu namuhla isibe lula futhi ikhululekile ngokuba khona kwezimoto ezinamasondo, imishini yesimanje efana namajeneretha, imishini yokugaya, amafeni, imishini yokugunda utshani, imishini yokufafaza izimbali njalo njalo. Izimoto ezinamasondo ezifana namabhayisikili, izithuthuthu, izimoto nezindiza azikwazi ukuhamba uma zingenawo amasondo noma uma amasondo engajikelezi. Izindiza ezinophephela emhlane noma izindiza nazo azikwazi ukundiza uma ama-propeller azo engajikelezi. Imikhumbi ayikwazi ukuhamba uma amajeneretha noma ama-propeller azo engajikelezi. Ebusuku, indlu iba mnyama kakhulu futhi akukho ukuzijabulisa uma ijeneretha noma isitshalo sikagesi singasebenzi. Izinto eziningi zenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo nsuku zonke. Ngisho noma singaqapheli, umhlaba esiphila kuwo, inyanga esikhanyisa ebusuku, amasathelayithi okwenziwa njengamasathelayithi okuxhumana adlulisela amaza kagesi kumabonakude, umsakazo, omakhalekhukhwini, kanye nokusakazwa kwe-inthanethi, ayajikeleza futhi ahlala ejikeleza, okubizwa nangokuthi ahamba ngendilinga ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Kuthiwa into ijikeleza uma indlela yayo iyindilinga. Ubuningi obuphathekayo ekuhambeni okujikelezayo buqukethe ubuningi obuyindilinga (ubuningi bokunyakaza okujikelezayo) kanye nobuningi obuqondile (ubuningi bokunyakaza okuqondile). Ubuningi obuyindilinga buhlanganisa ukuhamba okuyindilinga, ijubane eliyindilinga, kanye nokusheshisa okuyindilinga. Ubuningi obuqondile buyinani elifana nokuhamba okuqondile, okuhlanganisa ukuhamba (ibanga), ijubane (isivinini), kanye nokusheshisa. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ubuningi bokunyakaza okujikelezayo buvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ubuningi obuyindilinga . Ekuhambeni okujikelezayo, ubuningi obuqondile buhlobene nobuningi obuyindilinga.

Guqula amayunithi e-engeli (amadigri, ama-radian, ama-revolution)

1. ¼ ukuphenduka = ​​….. ^o (amadigri)?
Ingxoxo
Ukujikeleza okungu-1 = 360^o
I-½ ijika = 180^o
¼ ukujika = 90^o

2. ½ jika = …….. ama-radian?
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Uguquko olu-1 = ama-radian ama-pi ama-2 = ama-radian ama-2(3,14) = ama-radian angu-6,28
I-½ turn = ama-pi radians = ama-radians angu-3,14

3. 180^o (amadigri angu-180) = ….. ukujikeleza noma revolution ?
Ingxoxo
360^o = umjikelezo ongu-1 (1 revolution)
180^o = ½ ukujika (1/2) revolution)

4. 90^o = ….. ama-radian?
Ingxoxo
360^o = 2 ama-radian e-pi = 2(3,14) ama-radian = 6,28 ama-radian
180^o = ama-radian e-pi = ama-radian angu-3,14
90^o = ½ pi radian = ½ (3,14) = 1,57

5. Ama-radian angu-60 = ….. ukujikeleza?
Ingxoxo
Ama-radian angu-6,28 = umjikelezo ongu-1
Ama-radian angu-60/6,28 = ama-revolution angu-9,55

6. Ama-radian angu-40 = ….. ^o (amadigri)?
Ingxoxo
I-radian eyi-6,28 = 360^o
Ama-radian angu-40/6,28 = (6,37)(360^o= = 2292,99^o

Ijubane le-angular

Isibonelo sezinkinga.
1. Isondo lijikeleza ngokwewashi, lenze i-engeli engu-180^o imizuzwana emi-2 kanye nama-90^o umzuzwana owodwa. Thola ubukhulu kanye nesiqondiso sejubane elimaphakathi le-angular!
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Okukhulu = 9^o/isibili = …. uguquko/isibili = ….. i-radian/isibili ?
Isiqondiso = isiqondiso esihambisana newashi.

2. Isondo lijikeleza ngokwewashi, lenze i-engeli engu-360^o imizuzwana emi-4, bese isondo lijikeleza ama-degree angu-180^o imizuzwana emi-2 ngokuphambene newashi. Zingaki ijubane elimaphakathi le-angular isondo?
Ingxoxo
Okukhulu = 3^o/isibili = …. uguquko/isibili = ….. i-radian/isibili ?
Isiqondiso = isiqondiso esihambisana newashi.

Ijubane Elisheshayo Le-Angular
Ubukhulu bejubane le-angular elisheshayo = ubukhulu bejubane le-angular elihanjiwe ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
Ngokunyakaza okuqondile noma ngokunyakaza okuqondile, ijubane eliphezulu kungabizwa ngokuthi isivinini Ngoba ukufuduka okukhulu inani elilingana ne- i-jarak uma incane kakhulu. Ihamba ngendilinga, ijubane elikhulu le-angle kungabizwa ngokuthi ijubane le-angular Ngoba ukufuduka okukhulu kwe-angle inani elilingana ne- i-jarak ekhoneni uma incane kakhulu.

Ukusheshisa Okumaphakathi Kwe-Angular
Isibonelo sezinkinga.
1. I-windmill eqala ithule okwesikhashana bese ijikeleza ngenxa yokushaywa umoya. Ngemva kwemizuzwana emi-2, ijubane le-angular liyakhuphuka lifike ku-90°.^o/s. Malini? ukusheshisa okumaphakathi kwe-angle umshini womoya?
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Ngokwesilinganiso, ijubane elikhulu le-angle imishini yomoya ikhuphuke ngo-45^o/s njalo ngomzuzwana owodwa.

2. I-propeller iqala ngokujikeleza ngejubane eliyi-angle elingu-180^o/s, ngemva kwemizuzwana emi-2 iyayeka ukujikeleza. Zingaki ukwehla kwe-angle okumaphakathi umshini womoya?
Ingxoxo
Ngokwesilinganiso, ijubane elikhulu le-angle imishini yomoya incishiswe ngo-90^o/s njalo ngomzuzwana owodwa.

Ukusheshisa Okusheshayo Kwe-Angular
Ukusheshisa kwe-angular okusheshayo kuvame ukufushaniswa ngokuthi ukusheshisa kwe-angular. Ukusheshisa kwe-angular okusheshayo ushintsho lwejubane le-angular esikhathini esifushane kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo:

Isikhathi kanye nokuvama kokunyakaza okujikelezayo
Inkathi isho isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze inhlayiya iqedele ukujikeleza okukodwa, kuyilapho imvamisa isho inani lokujikeleza ngomzuzwana.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwesikhathi kanye nemvamisa buvezwa nge-equation:
f = 1/T
Iyunithi yamazwe ngamazwe yesikhathi ingeyesibili, iyunithi yesistimu yamazwe ngamazwe yemvamisa ingama-1/umzuzwana noma i-hertz.

Ijubane kanye ne-Angular Velocity
Ijubane eliqondile kanye nejubane eliyindilinga lenhlayiya ehamba esiyingini kungabonakaliswa ngokwesikhathi kanye nemvamisa.
Ubukhulu bejubane lezinhlayiya ezenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo buvezwa yi-equation:
Ubukhulu bejubane le-angular lenhlayiya ehamba esiyingini buvezwa yi-equation:
Imininingwane:

Isibonelo sezinkinga

1. Amasondo amabili u-A no-B anenani lamazinyo angu-20 no-50 ngokulandelana abekwa endaweni yokuxhumana ukuze igiya ngalinye lihambisane. Uma isondo u-A lijikeleza izikhathi ezingu-50 ngomzuzwana owodwa, ijubane lesondo u-B liyi….

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Kuyaziwa:

Inani lamazinyo esondweni A = 20

Inani lamazinyo esondweni B = 50

Ijubane le-angular lesondo A ( ω _A ) = ama-revolution angu-50/umzuzwana

1 uguquko = 2π radians

(50)(2π radians)/second = 100π radians/second

Umbuzo: Ijubane le-angular lesondo B ( ω _B )

Impendulo:

Isivinini esiqondile sesondo A: v _A = r _A ω _A

Ijubane eliqondile lesondo B: v _B = r _B ω _B

Amasondo amabili ayathintana ngakho ijubane lawo eliqondile liyafana.

v _A = v _B

r _A ω _A = r _B ω _B

(20)( 100π rad/s) = (50)(ω _B )

(2)(100π rad/s) = (5)(ω _B )

(2)(20π rad/s) = ω _B

ω _B = 40π rad/s

2. Imibuzo Yokuhlolwa Kazwelonke Ye-SMA/MA ka-2017

Bheka isithombe esilandelayo.

Isithuthuthu sihamba egodini eline-engeli yokuthambekela okungu -α (tan α = 2/5) ehlombe lomgwaqo. Isivinini esiphezulu sokuvimbela isithuthuthu ukuthi singasheleli singama-20 ms ^-1 . Iyini i-radius yegodini?

A. 50 m

B. 100 m

C. 200 m

D. 250 m

E. 400 m

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Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

Isivinini esiphezulu (v) = 20 m/s

i-tangent α = 2/5

I-coefficient yokungqubuzana okuqinile (μ _s ) = tangent α = 2/5

Umbuzo: Irediyasi yokugoba (r)

Impendulo:

Ifomula yokusheshisa ye-Centripetal:

Imininingwane:

a _s = ukusheshisa kwe-centripetal, v = ijubane, r = irediyasi yokugoba

Amandla avundlile kuphela aphumela emotweni uma ijika ukungqubuzana okungaguquki. Ifomula yokungqubuzana okungaguquki yile:

Imininingwane:

fs = amandla okungqubuzana okungaguquki, μ _{s = i-coefficient yokungqubuzana okungaguquki, w = isisindo, m ​​= isisindo, g = ukusheshisa} ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi

Ifomula yomthetho wesibili kaNewton yokunyakaza okujikelezayo:

Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

3. Imibuzo Yokuhlolwa Kazwelonke Ye-SMA/MA ka-2017

Amasondo amane axhunyiwe njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi!

Irediyasi R_A = 6 cm, R_B = 3 cm, R_C = 2 cm kanye no-R_D = 5 cm futhi isondo A lijikeleza ngesivinini esiqondile esingu-3 ms^-1, khona-ke ijubane le-angular lesondo D liyi…

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

R _A = 6 cm = 0,06 m, R _B = 3 cm = 0,03 m, R _C = 2 cm = 0,02 m, R _D = 5 cm = 0,05 m.

v _A = 3 ms ^-1

Umbuzo: ijubane le-angular lesondo D ( ω _D )

Impendulo:

Ijubane le-Angular lesondo A:

v _A = r _A ω _A

ω _A = v _A / r _A = 3 / 0,06 = 50 rad/s

Amasondo u-A no-B ajikeleza ngesivinini esifanayo se-angular.

ω _A = ω _B = 50 rad/s

Ijubane le-angular lesondo B:

ω _B = 50 rad/s

Ijubane eliqondile lesondo B:

v _B = r _B ω _B

v _B = (0,03)(50 rad/s)

v _B = 1,5 m/s

Isondo B kanye nesondo C zinejubane elifanayo eliqondile.

v _B = v _C = 1,5 m/s

Isondo C kanye nesondo D zinejubane elifanayo eliqondile.

v _C = v _D = 1,5 m/s

Ijubane le-angular lesondo D:

ω _D = v _D / r _D = 1,5 / 0,05 = 30 rad/s