Izibonelo ezi-5 zemibuzo yokwandisa ivolumu
1. Ibhola eliqinile lenziwe nge-aluminium enobubanzi obuqondile obungu-24 x 10-6 oC-1. Uma izinga lokushisa lingu-30oC ivolumu yebhola ingu-30 cm3 ukuze ivolumu yebhola ikhuphuke ibe ngu-30,5 cm3, Ibhola kumele lifudunyezwe lize lifinyelele izinga lokushisa elingu-….. oC
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
I-coefficient yokwanda okuqondile (α)) = 24 x 10-6 oC-1
I-coefficient yokwandisa ivolumu (γ= = 3 kuze = 3 x 24 x 10-6 oC-1 = 72 x10-6 oC-1
Izinga lokushisa lokuqala (T)1= = 30oC
Ivolumu yokuqala (V)1= 30cm3
Umqulu wokugcina (V)2= 30,5cm3
Ushintsho kuvolumu (Δ)V) = 30,5 cm3 - 30 cm3 = 0,5cm3
Kubuziwe: Izinga lokushisa lokugcina (T)2)
Impendulo:
ΔV = g (V1)(ΔT)
ΔV = g (V1)(T2 - T1)
0,5 cm3 = ((72 x 10-6 oC-1)(30 cm3)(T2 - 30oC)
0,5 = (2160 x 10-6)(T2 - 30)
0,5 = (2,160 x 10-3)(T2 - 30)
0,5 = (2,160 x 10-3)(T2 - 30)
0,5 / (2,160) x 10-3) = T2 - 30
0,23 x 103 =T2 - 30
0,23 x 1000 = T2 - 30
230=T2 - 30
230 + 30 = T2
T2 = 260oC
2. Ibhola elingenalutho elenziwe ngengilazi linomkhawulo wokwanda okuqondile okungu-9 x 10-6 oC-1. Ekushiseni okungu-20oububanzi bangaphakathi bebhola bungu-C 2,2 cm. Uma ububanzi bangaphakathi bebhola bukhuphuka bube ngu-2,8 khona-ke shu ukuphela….
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
I-coefficient yokwanda okuqondile (α)) = 9 x 10-6 oC-1
I-coefficient yokwandisa ivolumu (γ) = 3 α = 3 x 9 x 10-6 oC-1 = 27 x10-6 oC-1
Izinga lokushisa lokuqala (T)1= = 20oC
Ububanzi bokuqala (D)1= 2,2cm
Ububanzi bokugcina (D)2= 2,8cm
Irediyasi yokuqala (r)1) = D1 / 2 = 2,2 cm3 / 2 = 1,1 cm3
Irediyasi yokugcina (r)2) = D2 / 2 = 2,8 cm3 / 2 = 1,4 cm3
Ivolumu yokuqala (V)1) = 4/3 π r13 = (4/3)(3,14)(1,1 cm)3 = (4/3)(3,14)(1,331 cm3= 5,57cm3
Umqulu wokugcina (V)2) = 4/3 π r23 = (4/3)(3,14)(1,4 cm)3 = (4/3)(3,14)(2,744 cm3= 11,48cm3
Ushintsho kuvolumu (Δ)V) = 11,48 cm3 - 5,57 cm3 = 5,91cm3
Kubuziwe: Izinga lokushisa lokugcina (T2)
Impendulo:
ΔV = g (V1)(ΔT)
5,91 cm3 = ((27 x 10-6 oC-1)(5,57 cm3)(T2 - 20oC)
5,91 = (150,39 x 10-6)(T2 - 20)
5,91/150,39 x 10-6 =T2 - 20
0,039 x 106 =T2 - 20
39 x 103 =T2 - 20
39000=T2 - 20
T2 = 39020oC
3. Uma umoya ufudunyezwa, ukwanda kwevolumu kuhambisana...
A. Izinga lokushisa lokuqala
B. Izinga lokushisa lokugcina
C. Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa
D. Umqulu wokuqala
E. Umqulu wokugcina
Ingxoxo:
Ukwanda komthamo womoya kuhambisana nokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa noma ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kakhulu, kulapho ukwanda komthamo kukhuphuka khona.
4. Isitsha sengilazi esingamalitha angu-4 sigcwaliswa ngamanzi, bese sishiswa ukuze izinga lokushisa lenyuke ngo-20oC. Kuvele ukuthi amanzi athile achithekile. I-coefficient yokwanda kwengilazi okuqondile yaziwa ngokuthi yi-9 x 10-6 oC-1; i-coefficient yokwandisa ivolumu yamanzi = 2,1 x 10-4 oC-1, khona-ke inani lamanzi achithekayo liyi…
A. 0,015 amalitha
B. 0,018 amalitha
C. 0,020 amalitha
D. 0,021 amalitha
E. 0,025 amalitha
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Umthamo wokuqala wesitsha seglasi namanzi (V)o) = amalitha ayi-4
Izinguquko ekushiseni kwengilazi namanzi (ΔT) = 20oC
I-coefficient yokwanda okuqondile kwengilazi (α) = 9 x 10-6 oC-1
I-coefficient yokwandisa ivolumu yengilazi (γ) = 3α = 3 (9 x 10)-6 oC-1) = 27 x 10-6 oC-1
I-coefficient yokwanda kwevolumu yamanzi (γ) = 2,1 x10-4 oC-1
Kubuziwe: Bamanzi amaningi achithekile
Impendulo:
Ifomula yokwandisa ivolumu:
V = Vo + γ Vo ΔT
V–Vo = γ Vo ΔT
ΔV = γ Vo ΔT
Imininingwane:
V = ivolumu yokugcina, Vo = ivolumu yokuqala, ΔV = ushintsho lwevolumu, γ = i-coefficient yokwandiswa kwevolumu, ΔT = ushintsho lokushisa.
Bala ushintsho kuvolumu yesitsha sengilazi:
ΔV = γ Vo ΔT = (27 x 10-6)(4)(20) = 2160 x 10-6 = 2,160 x10-3 = 0,002160 ilitha
Bala ushintsho kumthamo wamanzi:
ΔV = γ Vo ΔT = (2,1 x 10-4)(4)(20) = 168 x 10-4 = 0,0168 ilitha
Ushintsho kumthamo wamanzi lukhulu kunesitsha sengilazi ngakho amanye amanzi ayachitheka.
Bala umthamo wamanzi achithekile:
0,0168 litre – 0,002160 litre = 0,01464 litre = 0,015 litre
Impendulo efanele ngu-A.
5. Isitsha esenziwe ngensimbi (i-coefficient yokwandiswa okuqondile = 10-5 oC-1) inosayizi wamalitha ayi-6 agcwele uketshezi lwe-acetone (i-volume expansion coefficient = 1,5 x 10-3 oC-1Uma zombili zifudunyezwa ukuze izinga lokushisa legumbi likhuphuke lisuka ku-0oC kuya ku-40oC, khona-ke umthamo we-acetone ochithekile uba…
A. 0,35 amalitha
B. 0,48 amalitha
C. 0,58 amalitha
D. 1,36 amalitha
E. 1,48 amalitha
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Umthamo wokuqala wezinsimbi zensimbi ne-acetone (V)o) = amalitha ayi-6
Izinguquko ekushiseni kwesitsha sensimbi kanye ne-acetone (ΔT) = 40oC
I-Coefficient yokwanda okuqondile kwensimbi (α) = 10-5 oC-1
I-Coefficient yokwandiswa kwevolumu yensimbi (γ) = 3α = 3 (10)-5 oC-1) = 3 x 10-5 oC-1
I-coefficient yokwandisa ivolumu ye-acetone (γ) = 1,5 x 10-3 oC-1
Kubuziwe: Bamanzi amaningi achithekile
Impendulo:
Ifomula yokwandisa ivolumu:
ΔV = γ Vo ΔT
Imininingwane:
ΔV = ushintsho lwevolumu, γ = i-coefficient yokwandisa ivolumu, Vo = ivolumu yokuqala, ΔT = ushintsho lokushisa.
Bala ushintsho kuvolumu yesitsha sensimbi:
ΔV = γ Vo ΔT = (3 x 10-5)(6)(40) = 720 x 10-5 = 0,00720 ilitha
Bala ushintsho kuvolumu ye-acetone:
ΔV = γ Vo ΔT = (1,5 x 10-3)(6)(40) = 360 x 10-3 = 0,360 ilitha
Ushintsho kumthamo we-acetone lukhulu kunowesitsha sensimbi ngakho-ke amanye amanzi ayachitheka.
Bala umthamo wamanzi achithekile:
0,360 litre – 0,00720 litre = 0,3528 litre = 0,35 litre
Impendulo efanele ngu-A.
