Imisebenzi Abaphothule Emivubukulweni Abangayiphishekela
I-Pendahuluan
I-Archaeology iwukufunda ngamasiko adlule ngokuhlaziya izinto zobuciko, izakhiwo, kanye nezinye izindawo zomlando. Nakuba lo mkhakha uvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokumbiwa kwezinsalela nezinye izinto zasendulo, ububanzi bomkhuba kanye namathuba emisebenzi kwabaphothule izifundo ze-archaeology bubanzi kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sizochaza eminye yemisebenzi abaphothule izifundo ze-archaeology abangayiphishekela, sinikeze umbono ophelele wemisebenzi yabo emikhakheni eyahlukene, nokuthi amakhono nolwazi olutholakale ngesikhathi sezifundo zabo lungasetshenziswa kanjani endaweni yokusebenza.
Isazi Sezinto Eziphilayo Sasensimini
Umsebenzi oyinhloko ohlobene ngqo nomkhakha wezinto zakudala ukuba yisazi sezinto zakudala. Izazi zezinto zakudala zinomsebenzi wokwenza ukumba ezindaweni zomlando ukuze zithole izinto ezibalulekile. Zihlaziya lezi zinto ukuze zakhe kabusha impilo yangaphambilini, ziqonde izakhiwo zasendulo, futhi ziqoqe idatha mayelana nempucuko phakathi naleso sikhathi. Lo msebenzi uvame ukubandakanya ukubambisana neminyuziyamu, amanyuvesi, noma izikhungo zocwaningo.
Umgcini wezincwadi eMyuziyamu
Abaphothule izifundo zemivubukulo nabo banethuba lokusebenza njengabagcini beminyuziyamu. Njengabagcini beminyuziyamu, banesibopho sokugcina, ukuphatha, nokubonisa amaqoqo ezinto eziyigugu. Abagcini beminyuziyamu bavame ukunikwa umsebenzi wokuhlela imibukiso, ukudala izinhlelo zemfundo, nokubhala amakhathalogi nezincwadi mayelana namaqoqo emyuziyamu. Lo msebenzi udinga amakhono ekuphathweni kweqoqo kanye nolwazi oluphelele lomlando namasiko.
Othisha Nabafundisi
Abaphothule izifundo zemivubukulo banamathuba emisebenzi kwezemfundo njengothisha noma abafundisi. Ukufundisa ezikoleni zamabanga aphezulu noma emakolishi kubavumela ukuthi babelane ngolwazi lwabo ngomlando, umlando wangaphambi komlando, kanye namasiko emiphakathi eyahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kokufundisa, oprofesa baseyunivesithi abangochwepheshe bemivubukulo bahlanganyela ocwaningweni lwesayensi, babhale izincwadi zezemfundo, futhi benze iminikelo ebalulekile emkhakheni wokufunda ngokuthola okusha.
Umeluleki Wezamasiko Nomlando
Izinkampani eziningi kanye nezikhungo zikahulumeni zidinga izinsizakalo zabeluleki bamasiko nomlando kumaphrojekthi okuthuthukisa ahilela izindawo zomlando. Laba beluleki banomsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi wokwakha awonakalisi ifa lamasiko nokunikeza izincomo zokulondolozwa kwezindawo zomlando. Lo msebenzi udinga ulwazi olujulile lwemithethonqubo nemithetho ehlobene nokulondolozwa kwefa lamasiko, kanye namakhono okwenza ukuhlolwa kwezindawo zomlando.
Isazi Sezinto Zasolwandle
Kulabo abanesifiso sokufunda umhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi, ukuvubukulwa kwemikhumbi kungaba ukukhetha umsebenzi othokozisayo. Abavubukuli bemikhumbi bahlola, babhale phansi, futhi balondoloze izinto zomlando ezitholakala ngaphansi kwamanzi, njengokuphahlazeka kwemikhumbi kanye namadolobha angaphansi kwamanzi. Lo msebenzi uvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe njenge-sonar scanning kanye ne-ROVs (Izimoto Ezisebenza Kude). Ngaphezu komsebenzi wasensimini, okutholakele kuyahlaziywa elabhorethri ukuze kunikezwe ukuqonda ngempilo yangaphambilini kanye namasiko.
Unjiniyela Wemibukiso Yezemfundo
Abaphothule izifundo ze-archaeology bangasebenza njengabathuthukisi bemibukiso yezemfundo eminyuziyamu, ezikhungweni zezivakashi, noma kwezinye izikhungo zamasiko. Baklama imibukiso exhumanayo efundisa izivakashi ngomlando kanye ne-archaeology ngezindlela ezihehayo. Lo msebenzi udinga ubuhlakani nolwazi lokuklama imibukiso, kanye nekhono lokuxhumana ngolwazi oluyinkimbinkimbi ngezindlela eziqondakala kalula ngumphakathi.
Umcwaningi Nombhali
Ucwaningo luyindlela evelele yomsebenzi yabaphothule izifundo zemivubukulo. Njengabacwaningi, bangagxila ezifundweni ezithile ezifaka isandla ekuqondeni kwethu imiphakathi yasendulo. Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo ivame ukushicilelwa ezincwadini noma kumajenali ezifundo. Bangabhala nezihloko ezidumile zomagazini noma kwezinye iziteshi zemidiya ezixoxa ngemiphumela yomlando noma intuthuko yakamuva emkhakheni wemivubukulo.
Umphathi Wezinto Zakudala
Abaphothule izifundo zemivubukulo bangasebenza ezikhungweni zikahulumeni noma ezikhungweni ezizimele ezinesibopho sokulondolozwa nokuphathwa kwezindawo zemivubukulo. Njengabaphathi bemivubukulo, baqinisekisa ukulondolozwa okufanele kwalezi zindawo, baqondise amaphrojekthi okuvuselela, futhi baphathe ukufinyelela komphakathi kuzo ngendlela eqinisekisa ukusimama kwazo. Lo msebenzi uhilela nokuphathwa kokuphatha kanye nokuxhumanisa amaphrojekthi.
Isazi Sokwenza Idijithali kanye Nokubhala Amadokhumenti
Esikhathini sedijithali, izikhungo eziningi ziphendukela ezindleleni zedijithali ukuze zibhale phansi izinto zobuciko kanye nezindawo zomlando. Ochwepheshe bokudijithali kanye nokubhala phansi basebenza ukudala amakhophi edijithali ezinto zobuciko, bamaphe amasayithi besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuskena be-3D, futhi baphathe izizindalwazi zedijithali zamaqoqo akhona. Ngaphezu kokulondoloza izinto ezibonakalayo, lezi zindlela zivumela nokufinyelela okubanzi kocwaningo kanye nemfundo.
Isazi Sezinto Ezimbi Zezobunhloli
I-Forensic archaeology igatsha le-archaeology elisetshenziswa kumongo wokuphenya ngobugebengu. I-Forensic archaeologists isebenza eduze namaphoyisa ukuze imbe futhi ihlaziye izinsalela zabantu kanye nezinye izinto zobuciko ezindaweni zobugebengu noma zenhlekelele. Amakhono abo ekuhlaziyeni insimu kanye nokuqonda umongo womlando kungasiza ekwakheni indaba yezehlakalo ezedlule, okubalulekile enkambisweni yokuphenya.
Umphathi Wezindawo Zamagugu Omhlaba
Izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-UNESCO zivame ukufuna abantu abanezizinda zemivubukulo ukuze baphathe izindawo zeGugu Lomhlaba. Njengabaphathi, basebenza ezinhlelweni zokulondolozwa kwemvelo, ezemfundo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha okusimeme ezindaweni eziqashelwa njengeGugu Lomhlaba. Le ndima idinga amakhono ekuphathweni kwamaphrojekthi, ukuxoxisana, kanye nokuqonda okujulile igugu lamasiko.
Abavubukuli kanye nama-Archaeozoologists
Kulabo abanesifiso sokufunda izitshalo nezilwane esimweni sezinto zakudala, umsebenzi wokuba yi-archaeobotanist noma i-archaeozoologist kungaba yindlela yokukhetha. I-Archaeobotanists ifunda izinsalela zezitshalo ukuze ithole amaphethini ezolimo nokudla emiphakathini yasendulo, kuyilapho i-archaeozoologists ihlaziya izinsalela zezilwane ukuze iqonde ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu nezilwane esikhathini esidlule. Lo msebenzi uvame ukuhilela ucwaningo olujulile lwelabhorethri oluhlanganisa imikhakha eyahlukene.
Abathuthukisi beSoftware kanye nobuchwepheshe bezinto zakudala
Ngentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, isidingo sesofthiwe ekhethekile yokusekela umsebenzi wabavubukuli siyanda. Abaphothule izifundo zemivubukulo abanamakhono okuhlela kanye nobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha bangasebenza ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nesofthiwe esiza ekudwebeni imephu, ekuhlaziyeni nasekugcinweni kwedatha yemivubukulo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Geographic Information Systems (GIS) zemivubukulo kanye nokulingisa okubonakalayo kwezindawo zomlando.
Isiphetho
Abaphothule izifundo ze-archaeology banemisebenzi eminingi abangayiphishekela, kusukela emsebenzini wasensimini kuya ezindimeni zemfundo nezocwaningo, kanye nezikhundla ezigxile kakhulu ekulondolozweni nasekuphathweni kwefa lamasiko. Indima ngayinye inikeza umnikelo oyingqayizivele ekulondolozweni nasekuqondeni amasiko adlule. Labo abaphishekela izifundo ze-archaeology bangathola imisebenzi evuzayo nejabulisayo egcwele ukuzinikela ekutadisheni nasekulondolozweni komlando wesintu.
