Matambudziko Akagadziriswa muFizikisi Yekutanga

1. Chii chinonzi kukurumidza nekuda kwegiravhiti pamusoro peMwedzi? Mwedzi uremu = 7.35 x gumi²² kg, nharaunda yeMwedzi iri 1.7 X 10⁶ m, chisingaperi chepasi rose ndicho 6.67 X 10^-11 N m² /kg²

mhinduro

Iyo formula ye Mutemo wechipiri wekufamba waNewton :

Iyo formula ye Mutemo waNewton wesimba rinokwevera pasi rose :

G = chinhu chisingachinji, M = Huremu hwenyika, m = Huremu hwechinhu, r = Chinhambwe chiri pakati penyika nechinhu. Kana chinhu chiri pamusoro penyika, r = Radiyo yeNyika

Isa F muequation 1 naF muequation 2:

Chii chinonzi kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti pamusoro peMwedzi?

2. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti pamusoro peNyika ndiko g. PaR (R inzvimbo yePasi), kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti ndiko…

mhinduro

R = Radiyo yePasi. PaR pamusoro pePasi = pa2R pamusoro pepakati pePasi.

PaR pamusoro penyika, kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti = ¼ g. Kana g = 9.8 m/s², at R pamusoro penyika, kumhanyisa nekuda kwegiravhiti = 2.45 m/s².

[wpdm_package id='947′]

1. Mutemo waNewton wematambudziko esimba rinokwevera pasi rose uye mhinduro dzawo
2. Simba resimba rinokwevera pasi, matambudziko ekurema, uye mhinduro
3. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa nematambudziko egiravhiti nemhinduro
4. Matambudziko eGeosynchronous satellite uye mhinduro dzawo
5. Matambudziko emutemo waKepler nematambudziko ekugadzirisa matambudziko nemhinduro

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5 Simba regiravhiti Kurema - Matambudziko neMhinduro

1. Chii chinonzi simba regiravhiti Kushanda pane chinhu chiri pamusoro peNyika? Nyika uremu = 5.98 x gumi²⁴ kg, huremu hwechinhu = 1000 kg, nharaunda yePasi ndeye 6.38 x 10⁶ m.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwepasi (m_E) = 5.98 x 10²⁴ kg

Huremu hwechinhu (m_o) = 1000 kg

Nharaunda yePasi (r)_E) = 6.38 x 10⁶ m

Nguva dzose (G) = 6.67 x 10^-11 N m² /kg²

Kuwedzera nekuda kwegiravhiti (g) = 9.8 m/s²

Zvaidiwa: simba regiravhiti

Solution:

w = huremu, F = simba, G = chisingaperi chepasi rose, m_E = Huremu hwepasi, m_o =ohuremu hwechinhu, r = chinhambwe chiri pakati pepakati peNyika nechinhu.

Chinhu chiri pamusoro peNyika, saka r = tnharaunda yePasi

Kurema kwechinhu (Mutemo wechipiri wekufamba waNewton):

w = mg

w = (1000 kg)(9.8 m/s²)

w = 9800 N

2. Chii chinonzi simba regiravhiti rinoshanda pachinhu chiri pamamita zviuru gumi kubva pamusoro penyika? Huremu hwenyika = 5.98 x 10²⁴ kg, huremu hwechinhu = 1000 kg, nharaunda yePasi ndeye 6.38 x 10⁶ m.

Solution:

3. Huremu hwemuchadenga ndi w. Kana D = dhayamita yePasi, tsvaga huremu hwemuchadenga kana muchadenga uri pa2D pamusoro pePasi.

Zvinozivikanwa:

D = Dhayamita yePasi,

R = nharaunda yePasi

1 D = 2 R, 2 D = 4 R

Kuda: huremu hwechitundumuseremusere pa2D pamusoro penyika?

Solution:

4. Chiyero chehukuru hwepuraneti A nepuraneti B chiri 2:3, ukuwo chiyero cheradius yepuraneti A nepuraneti B chiri 1:2. Kana huremu hwechinhu chiri papuraneti A huri w, huremu hwechinhu chiri papuraneti B chii.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Huremu hwepuraneti A (m)_A= = 2

Huremu hwepuraneti B (m)_B= = 3

Nharaunda yepasi A (r)_A= = 1

Nharaunda yepasi B (r)_B= = 2

Huremu hwechinhu = m

Kurema kwechinhu chiri pasi pano A = w

Kuda: Kurema kwechinhu papuraneti B

Solution:

Kuenzanisa kwesimba rehuremu kubva kumutemo waNewton wegiravhiti:

w = huremu, G = simba rinokwevera pasi, M = huremu hwepuraneti, m = huremu hwechinhu, r = chinhambwe chiri pakati pechinhu nepuraneti. Kana chinhu chiri pamusoro pepuraneti chiri pamusoro pepuraneti r = radius yepuraneti.

Kurema kwechinhu papuraneti A:

Kurema kwechinhu papuraneti B:

Huremu hwechinhu hwakafanana saka zvinotsiva m ne w/2G.

5. Roketi ine huremu hwe w inoburitswa yakatwasuka kubva pamusoro peNyika. D ndiyo dhayamita yeNyika. Kana roketi iri pakakwirira kwe0.5 D pamusoro peNyika, saka huremu hweroketi chii.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kurema kweroketi = w

Nharaunda yeNyika = daro kubva pakati peNyika = R

Dhayamita yeNyika = D = 2R

Kuda: Kurema kweroketi kana roketi iri pakakwirira kwe0.5 D pamusoro penyika.

Solution:

0.5 D = 0.5 (2R) = R

Kureba kweroketi kubva pakati peNyika = nharaunda yeNyika + nharaunda yeroketi kubva pamusoro peNyika = R + R = 2R

Kurema isimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi rinoita basa pachinhu. Simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi (F) rinoenderana nechikamu chedaro kubva pakati penyika (R) zvekuti uremu hwacho hunoenderana nechikamu chedaro.

1. Mutemo waNewton wematambudziko esimba rinokwevera pasi rose uye mhinduro dzawo
2. Simba resimba rinokwevera pasi, matambudziko ekurema, uye mhinduro
3. Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa nematambudziko egiravhiti nemhinduro
4. Matambudziko eGeosynchronous satellite uye mhinduro dzawo
5. Matambudziko emutemo waKepler nematambudziko ekugadzirisa matambudziko nemhinduro

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1. Kureba kwelenzi yemaziso ndeye 400 cm uye kureba kwelenzi yemaziso ndeye 20 cm. Kana ziso yakasununguka, sarudza:

a) Kukura kwese kwe telescope (M)

b) chinhambwe chemufananidzo kubva kune lenzi ine chinangwa (d_ob'),

c) chinhambwe chemufananidzo kubva kune lenzi yemaziso (d_oc)

d) daro riri pakati pe lenses

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwe lenzi yechinangwa (f_ob) = 400 cm

Kureba kwegirazi remaziso (f_oc) = 20 cm

Ziso rakasununguka kuitira kuti Mufananidzo chaiwo unogadzirwa ne lenzi yekutarisa uri panzvimbo ye lenzi yekutarisa uye panzvimbo yekutanga ye lenzi yekuona.

Solution:

a) Kukura kwese (M)

M = f_ob /f_oc

M = 400 cm / 20 cm = 20X

Mufananidzo wacho uri wepakombiyuta uye wakapindurwa.

b) Kureba kwemufananidzo kubva kune lenzi ine chinangwa (d_ob')

Kana ziso rakasununguka, mufananidzo uri kure ne lenzi chaiyo (d_ob') = kureba kwegirazi rekutarisa (f_ob) = 400 cm = 4 m.

c) Kureba kwemufananidzo chaiwo kubva pane lenzi yemaziso (d_oc)

Kana ziso rakasununguka, daro remufananidzo chaiwo nelenzi yemaziso rinoonekwa. (s_oc) = kureba kwegirazi remaziso (f_oc) = 20 cm = 0.2 m.

d) Kureba pakati pemagirazi

Kureba pakati pemagirazi = kureba kweteresikopu (l) = kureba kwegirazi rekutarisa (f_ob+ kureba kwegirazi remaziso (f_oc) = 400 cm + 20 cm = 420 cm.

2. The mufambo pakati pe lenzi chaiyo ne lenzi yemaziso pane 20 cm. Kukura kweteresikopu kana ziso rakasununguka kunosvika 40X. Verenga urefu hwelenzi yemaziso. (f_oc) uye kureba kwe lenzi yekutarisa (f_ob)

Zvinozivikanwa:

kureba kweteresikopu (l) = 20 cm

kukura kwese kwemateresikopu (M) = 40X

Solution:

Kana ziso rakasununguka, kureba kwelenzi yemaziso (f) kunofanira kutariswa._oc) + kureba kwelenzi yekutarisa (f)_ob) = kureba kweteresikopu (l)

f_oc +f_ob = l

f_ob = l – f_oc

f_ob = 20 – f_oc —–> equation 1

Kukura kwese kwematelesikopu (M):

M = f_ob /f_oc

f_ob = M f_oc

f_ob = 40 f_oc —–> equation 2

Kureba kwelenzi yemaziso :

Chinotsiva f_ob muequation 1 ne f_ob muequation 2:

f_ob = 20 – f_oc

40 f_oc = 20 – f_oc

40 f_oc +f_oc = 20

41 f_oc = 20

f_oc = 20 cm / 41

f_oc = 0.5 masendimita

Kureba kwelenzi yemaziso = 0.5 cm.

Kureba kwe lenzi yechinangwa :

f_ob = 20 – f_oc

f_ob = 20 - 0.5

f_ob = 19.5 masendimita

[wpdm_package id='876′]

1. Matambudziko egirazi reConcave uye mhinduro dzaro
2. Matambudziko egirazi reConvex uye mhinduro dzaro
3. Matambudziko akasiyana-siyana e lens uye mhinduro dzawo
4. Kusangana matambudziko nemhinduro dzema lenzi
5. Zvishandiso zvemaziso matambudziko emaziso evanhu uye mhinduro dzawo
6. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzemalenzi ekuonana nemidziyo yemaziso
7. Magirazi emaziso ezvishandiso zvemaziso
8. Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinosimudzira matambudziko egirazi uye mhinduro dzazvo
9. Maikorosikopu yezvishandiso zveOptical - matambudziko nemhinduro
10. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzematelesikopu ezvishandiso zveOptical

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1. Kureba kwelenzi yemaziso i2 cm uye kureba kwelenzi yemaziso i5 cm. mufambo Pakati pe lenzi yekutarisa ne lenzi yemaziso pane 30 cm. Sarudza kukura kwese uye daro rechinhu kubva kune lenzi yekutarisa kana ziso rakasununguka.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwegirazi rekutarisa (f)_ob) = 2 cm

Kureba kwegirazi remaziso (f)_oc) = 5 cm

Kureba pakati pemagirazi (l) = 30 cm

Nzvimbo iri pedyo (N) = 25 cm

Solution:

(a) kuwedzera kwese

Fomura yekukudza kwese:

M = m_ob M_oc

M = kukura kwese, m_ob = kukura kwe lenzi ine chinangwa, M_oc = kukura kwemaziso

Kukura kwe lenzi yekutarisa kana ziso rakasununguka (m_ob):

Kureba kwemufananidzo kubva kune lenzi yechinangwa (d)_ob') :

d_ob' = l – f_oc = 30cm – 5cm = 25cm

Kureba kwechinhu kubva kune lenzi yechinangwa (d)_ob):

Lenzi ine chinangwa igirazi rinobatana saka urefu hwefocal hune chiratidzo chekuti plus.

Kureba kwemufananidzo kune chiratidzo chekuti mufananidzo wacho ndewechokwadi kana kuti mwaranzi inopfuura nemumufananidzo.

Kukura kwe lenzi ine chinangwa :

Kukura kwemaziso kana ziso rakasununguka (M_ok):

M_oc = N / f_oc = 25 cm / 5 cm = 5X

Kukura kwese:

M = m_ob M_oc = (12.5)(5) = 62.5X

(b) Kureba kwechinhu kubva kune lenzi chaiyo (d)_ob)

Kureba kwechinhu kubva kune lenzi i2 cm.

2. A microscope ine 5X objective uye 20X ocular. Daro riri pakati pemalenzi i15 cm. (a) Sarudza kukura kwese kana ziso rakasununguka (b) sarudza urefu hwefocal lens yemaziso (c) urefu hwefocal lens yefocal

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kukura kwe lenzi ine chinangwa (m_ob) = 5X

Kukura kwema lenzi emaziso (M_oc) = 20X

Nzvimbo iri pedyo (N) = 25 cm

Kureba pakati pemagirazi (l) = 15 cm

Solution:

(a) Kukura kwese (M)

M = m_ob M_oc

M = (5)(20) = 100X

(b) Kureba kwegirazi remaziso (f)_oc)

Fomura yekuwedzera kwelenzi yemaziso (M) yekona_oc) kana ziso rakasununguka:

M_oc = N / f_oc

Kureba kwelenzi yemaziso:

f_oc = N / M_oc = 25 cm / 20 = 1.25 cm

(c) kureba kwegirazi rekutarisa (f)_ob)

Nzira yekuwedzera lenzi yekutarisa kana ziso rakasununguka:

Kureba kwemufananidzo chaiwo kubva kune lenzi yekutarisa (d)_ob') :

d_ob' = l – f_oc = 15cm – 1.25cm = 13.75cm

Kureba kwechinhu kubva kune lenzi yechinangwa (d)_ob):

Kureba kwegirazi rekutarisa (f)_ob):

Kureba kwe lenzi yekutarisa = 2.29 cm

3. Kureba kwelenzi yekutarisa chinhu i 0.9 cm uye kureba kwelenzi yekuona i 2.5 cm. Maikorosikopu inoshandiswa neziso rakajairika pasina kupindirana uye kukura kwese kunosvika ka90. Sarudza daro riri pakati pechinhu nelenzi yekutarisa chinhu. N = 25 cm.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwegirazi rekutarisa (f)_ob) = 0.9 cm

Kureba kwegirazi remaziso (f)_ok) = 2,5 cm

Kukura kwese (M) = ka90

Nzvimbo iri pedyo neziso rakajairika (N) = 25 cm

Kugara kwemaziso kushoma.

Kuda: Daro riri pakati pechinhu nelenzi yechinangwa (s)_ob)

Solution:

Equation yehukuru hwe angular hwese kana accommodation iri shoma:

Verenga daro rechinhu chiri pakati pe lenzi yechinangwa (s_ob) uchishandisa equation yehukama huripo pakati pehurefu hwe lenzi inonanga (f_ob), daro riri pakati pechinhu nelenzi yekutarisa (s_ob) uye daro riri pakati pemufananidzo nelenzi yekutarisa (s)_ob') :

4. Kureba kwelenzi yekutarisa chinhu i1.8 cm uye kureba kwelenzi yekuona i6 cm. Maikorosikopu inoshandiswa neziso rakajairika pasina kupindirana, kureba kuri pakati pelenzi yekutarisa chinhu nelenzi yekuona i24 cm. Sarudza daro rechinhu kubva kune lenzi yekutarisa chinhu.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwegirazi rekutarisa (f)_ob) = 1.8 cm

Kureba kwegirazi remaziso (f)_ok) = 6 cm

Kureba pakati pe lenzi yekutarisa ne lenzi yemaziso = kureba kwemaikorosikopu (l) = 24 cm

Pekugara ishoma.

Kuda: Kureba pakati pechinhu ne lenzi yechinangwa (s)_ob)

Solution:

Kana nzvimbo iri shoma, daro riri pakati pemufananidzo wekupedzisira nelenzi yemaziso harina magumo, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.

Daro riri pakati pe lenzi yekutarisa ne lenzi yemaziso (l) = kureba kwe lenzi yemaziso (f)_ok) + chinhambwe chiri pakati pemufananidzo nelenzi yekutarisa (s)_ob').

s_ob' = l – f_ok = 24 cm – 6 cm = 18 cm

Verenga daro riri pakati pechinhu nelenzi yechinangwa (s_ob) uchishandisa equation yehukama huripo pakati pehurefu hwe lenzi inonanga (f_ob), daro riri pakati pechinhu nelenzi yechinangwa (s_ob) uye daro riri pakati pemufananidzo nelenzi yekutarisa (s)_ob') :

Kureba pakati pechinhu chacho nelenzi yekutarisa chinhu i2 cm.

[wpdm_package id='874′]

1. Matambudziko egirazi reConcave uye mhinduro dzaro
2. Matambudziko egirazi reConvex uye mhinduro dzaro
3. Matambudziko akasiyana-siyana e lens uye mhinduro dzawo
4. Kusangana matambudziko nemhinduro dzema lenzi
5. Zvishandiso zvemaziso matambudziko emaziso evanhu uye mhinduro dzawo
6. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzemalenzi ekuonana nemidziyo yemaziso
7. Magirazi emaziso ezvishandiso zvemaziso
8. Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinosimudzira matambudziko egirazi uye mhinduro dzazvo
9. Maikorosikopu yezvishandiso zveOptical - matambudziko nemhinduro
10. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzematelesikopu ezvishandiso zveOptical

Read more

1. Chinhu chakareba 2 mm chinoiswa 10 cm kubva pa kukudza girazi. Pedyo nenzvimbo N = 25 cm. Sarudza kukura kwekona uye kukwirira kwemufananidzo.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwechinhu (h)_o) = 2mm

Nzvimbo iri pedyo (N) = 25 cm

chinhu mufambo (d_o) = 10 cm

Zvaidiwa: Kukura kwekona (M) uye kukwirira kwemufananidzo (h)_i)

Solution:

M = N / s

M = 25 cm / 10 cm

M = 2.5

Kureba kwemufananidzo = 2.5 x 2 mm = 5 mm.

2. Lenzi ine urefu hwe 25 cm inoshandiswa segirazi rinokudza. Sarudza (a) kukura kwekona kana ziso yakatarisana panzvimbo yayo iri pedyo N = 25 cm (b) kukura kwekona kana ziso rakasununguka.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Nzvimbo iri pedyo (N) = 25 cm

Kureba kwegirazi rinokudza (f) = 25 cm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti lenzi iyi igirazi rinobatana.

Solution:

(a) kukura kwekona kana ziso rakatarisa panzvimbo yaro iri pedyo N = 25 cm

M = (N/f) + 1

M = (25 cm / 25 cm) + 1

M = 1 + 1

M = 2 X

Kana kukwirira kwechinhu chiri 1 cm, kukwirira kwemufananidzo kuri 2 x 1 cm = 2 cm.

(b) kukwidziridzwa kwekona kana ziso rakasununguka

M = N / f

M = (25 cm / 25 cm)

M = 1 X

Kana kukwirira kwechinhu chiri 1 cm, kukwirira kwemufananidzo kuri 1 x 1 cm = 1 cm.

3. Chinhu chakareba 1 cm chinoiswa pamberi pe lenzi ine urefu hwe 10 cm. Sarudza (a) kukwirira kwemufananidzo kana ziso yakatarisana panzvimbo yayo iri pedyo N = 25 cm (b) Kureba kwemufananidzo kana ziso rakasununguka.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwechinhu (h)_o) = 1 cm

Kureba kwefocal (f) = 10 cm

Nzvimbo iri pedyo (N) = 25 cm

Solution:

(a) Kureba kwemufananidzo kana ziso rakatarisa panzvimbo yaro iri pedyo N = 25 cm

M = (N/f) + 1

M = (25 cm / 10 cm) + 1

M = 2.5 + 1

M = 3.5 X

Kana kukwirira kwechinhu chiri 1 cm, kukwirira kwemufananidzo kuri 3.5 x 1 cm = 3.5 cm.

(b) Kureba kwemufananidzo kana ziso rakasununguka.

M = N/f

M = 25 cm / 10 cm

M = 2.5 X

Kana kukwirira kwechinhu chiri 1 cm, kukwirira kwemufananidzo kuri 2.5 x 1 cm = 2.5 cm.

4. Kukura kwekona kana ziso rakasununguka = ​​5X. Kana iri pedyo nenzvimbo = 25 cm, kureba kwegirazi rinokudza zvinhu ndekupi?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwechinhu (h)_o) = 2mm

Kukura kwekona (M) = 5X

Nzvimbo iri pedyo (N) = 25 cm

Kuda: Kureba kwefocal

Solution:

Fomura yekuwedzera kwekona kana ziso rakasununguka:

M = N/f

5 = 25 cm / f

f = 25 cm / 5

f = 5 cm

Kureba kwegirazi rinokudza = 5 cm.

5. Chinhu chinoonekwa nemunhu ane girazi rinokudza zvinhu rine urefu hwe15 cm. Kana nzvimbo iri pedyo nemaziso emunhu = 30 cm, saka tarisa kukura kwegirazi rinokudza zvinhu.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Nzvimbo iri pedyo neziso rakajairika (N) = 30 cm

Kureba kwegirazi rinokudza (f) = 15 cm (pamwe nechiratidzo chekuti girazi riri kuungana)

Zvaidiwa: kukura kwakanyanya

Solution:

TKukura kwepamusoro kunoitika kana nzvimbo yeziso yakakwira. Kukura kwekona kwegirazi rinokudza kunoitika kana nzvimbo yeziso yakakwira:

M = (N/f) + 1

M = (30 cm / 15 cm) + 1

M = 2 + 1

M = 3 nguva

6. Girazi rinokudza rine simba rekuona rema diopters makumi maviri rinoshandiswa nemunhu ane maziso akajairwa e25 cm. Kana nzvimbo yacho iri shoma, sarudza kukura kushoma.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Pedyo nepaziso remazuva ose (N) = 25 cm

Simba regirazi rinokudza (P) = 20 diopters

Kuda: Kukura kudiki

Solution:

Kureba kwegirazi rinokudza zvinhu:

P = 1/f

20 = 1/f

f = 1/20

f = 0.05 mamita

f = 5 cm

Kukura kwekona kana nzvimbo yekugara iri shoma:

M = N / f

M = (25 cm / 5 cm)

M = kashanu

[wpdm_package id='872′]

1. Matambudziko egirazi reConcave uye mhinduro dzaro
2. Matambudziko egirazi reConvex uye mhinduro dzaro
3. Matambudziko akasiyana-siyana e lens uye mhinduro dzawo
4. Kusangana matambudziko nemhinduro dzema lenzi
5. Zvishandiso zvemaziso matambudziko emaziso evanhu uye mhinduro dzawo
6. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzemalenzi ekuonana nemidziyo yemaziso
7. Magirazi emaziso ezvishandiso zvemaziso
8. Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinosimudzira matambudziko egirazi uye mhinduro dzazvo
9. Maikorosikopu yezvishandiso zveOptical - matambudziko nemhinduro
10. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzematelesikopu ezvishandiso zveOptical

Read more

1. Simba regirazi remaziso i -2 Diopters. Daro riri pakati pe ziso uye girazi remaziso kureba kwayo kuri 2cm.

(A) Girazi remaziso rine lenzi inoungana or lenzi inochinja-chinja?

(B) Ndeipi nzvimbo yekutarisa yelenzi?

(c) Ziso rinoona zviri pedyo kana ziso rinoona zviri kure Kana munhu achiona zviri kure, chii chichava chinangwa chikuru?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba regirazi (P) = -2 Diopters

Solution:

(A) Magirazi anobatana kana magirazi akasiyana-siyana

Chiratidzo chekusashanda kwelenzi chinoratidza kuti lenzi yekuonana iri lenzi yakasiyana.

(B) Kureba kwefocal

P = 1/f

-2 = 1/f

f = 1/-2 = -0.5 m = -50 cm

Hurefu hwefocal hwe lenzi inopatsanurana ndehwekuti 50 cm.

(c) Ziso rinoona zviri pedyo kana ziso rinoona zviri kure ziso here?

-1 /d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o

-1 /d_i = -1/50 – 1/~ = -1/50 – 0

-1 /d_i = -1/50

d_i = 50 masendimita

Kureba kwemufananidzo ndiko 50 masendimita + 2 cm = 52 cm. 52 cm iri kure zvikuru Ziso rinoona zviri kure. Kune ziso rakajairwa, kure hakuperi.

2. Simba regirazi remaziso i4 Diopters. mufambo pakati peziso negirazi remaziso pane 2 cm.

(A) Girazi remaziso rine lenzi inotenderera kana lenzi inoparadzanisa?

(B) Chii chinonzi focal length ye lens? ?

(C) Ziso rinoona zviri pedyo or kuona zviri kure Kana maziso ako ari pedyo nekuonekwa, chii chichava pedyo?

Zvinozivikanwa:

simba regirazi (P) = 4 Diopters

Solution:

(A) Magirazi anobatana kana magirazi akasiyana-siyana

The kunakirwaChiratidzo chesimba relenzi chinoratidza kuti lenzi yekuonana iri kusangana lenzi.

(B) Kureba kwefocal

P = 1/f

4 = 1/f

f = 1/4 = 0.25 m = 25 masendimita

Hurefu hwepfungwa huru kusangana lenzi iri 25 cm.

(c) Ziso rinoona zviri pedyo kana ziso rinoona zviri kure ziso here?

-1 /d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o

-1 /d_i = 1/25 – 1/23 = 23/575 – 25/575 = -2/575

-d_i= 575/-2 = -287.5 cm = -2.875 meters

d_i = 287.5 cm = 2.875 mamitas

Kureba kwemufananidzo ndiko 287.5 cm + 2 cm = 289.5 cm. 289.5 cm iri pedo poindi ye pedoziso rinoona. Kune ziso rakajairwa, pedo poindi yacho ndeiyi 25 cm.

3. Ziso rine nzvimbo iri pedyo ne16 cm uye nzvimbo iri kure ye80 cm. Kana akashandisa magirazi, anogona kuona zvinhu zviri kure zvakajeka. Achishandisa girazi, daro rechinhu chiri pedyo rinogona kuonekwa zvakajeka ndere….

A. 13 1/3 cm

B. 20 cm

C. 36 cm

Kureba 48 1/3 cm

Zvinozivikanwa:

Nzvimbo iri kure yemunhu ndeye 80 cm, saka, vakagumisa kuti munhu wacho ari kutambura pedyo-kuona Kuona zviri pedyo kunokonzerwa negirazi reziso kwakakombama kupfuura zvakunofanira kunge kwakaita muziso remazuva ose saka kureba kwegirazi reziso kunoderedzwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti chiedza chinobva kure chisanyanya kuoneka pa retina asi chinotarisa kumberi kwe retina.

Kuda: Kureba kwechinhu chiri pedyo kunogona kuonekwa zvakajeka uchishandisa magirazi

Solution:

Nzvimbo yekure yemunhu ndeye 80 cm. Lenzi yegirazi remaziso inofanira kugadzira mufananidzo uri kure kwe 80 cm pamberi payo. Mufananidzo uri pamberi pemaziso uye lenzi yegirazi kuitira kuti mufananidzo uve wakatwasuka uye wakatwasuka. Saka daro remufananidzo (d') = -80 cm. Kana munhu akapfeka girazi remaziso, anogona kuona zvinhu zviri kure zvakanyanya zvakajeka. Saka daro rechinhu (d) = nzvimbo yekure yeziso rakajairika = infinity = ~.

Kureba kwegirazi reziso:

1/f = 1/d + 1/d'

1/f = 1/~ + (- 1/80)

1/f = 0 – 1/80

1/f = – 1/80

f = – 80 / 1

f = – 80 cm

Kureba kwefocal kwakanyorwa negative kunoreva kuti lenzi yegirazi remaziso rinoshandiswa i lenzi yakakombama kana lenzi yakatsauka.

Kana munhu achishandisa lenzi imwe chete yegirazi remaziso, saka chinhu chiri pedyo zvikuru chinogona kuonekwa zvakajeka chiri pedyo zvakadii? Kureba kwelenzi (f) = -80 cm. Lenzi inofanira kugadzira mufananidzo uri kure ne16 cm pamberi peziso nelenzi, kuitira kuti mufananidzo uve chaiwo uye wakanyorwa kuti hauna kunaka. Saka daro remufananidzo (d') = -16 cm.

1 / d = 1 / f – 1 / d' = -1/80 – (-1/16) = -1/80 + 1/16 = -1/80 + 5/80 = 4/80

d = 80/4 = 20 cm.

Chinhu chiri pedyo chinogona kuonekwa zvakajeka i20 cm.

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.

4. Zvichibva pamufananidzo, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti…

Solution:

Ziso rinoona zviri kure	Ziso rinoona zviri kure + lenzi inoungana

Lenzi inobatana = lenzi yakakombama = lenzi yakanaka

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.

5. Nzvimbo iri pedyo nemunhu ane hypermetropy i2 m. Kuti aone munhu ane maziso akakwana, munhu wacho anofanira kushandisa magirazi emaziso…

A. -1.5 Diopters

B. -2.5 Diopters

C. +3.5 Diopters

D. +4.5 Diopters

Zvinozivikanwa:

Nzvimbo iri pedyo yevanhu vane hypermetropy (kuona zviri kure) = mamita maviri

Nzvimbo iri pedyo neziso rakajairika = 25 cm = 0.25 metres

Kuda: Simba remagirazi egirazi

Solution:

Lenzi inofanira kugadzira mufananidzo uri kure nemamita maviri pamberi peziso kuitira kuti mufananidzo uve chaiwo uye wakanyorwa kuti hauna kunaka. Saka daro remufananidzo (d') = – mamita maviri.

Kuti munhu aone semunhu ane ziso rakajairwa, daro rechinhu (d) = nzvimbo iri pedyo neziso rakajairwa = 25 cm = 0.25 metres.

Kureba kwegirazi remaziso:

1/f = 1/d + 1/d'

1/f = 1/0.25 + (-1/2) = 1/0.25 – 1/2 = 8/2 – 1/2 = 7/2

f = 2/7

Kureba kwegirazi kwakaratidza kuti kune lenzi yegirazi inoshandiswa igirazi rine lenzi yakanaka kana kuti lenzi ine convex kana lenzi inoungana.

Simba relenzi:

P = 1 / f = 1: 2/7 = 1 x 7/2 = 7/2 = +3.5 Diopters

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti C.

[wpdm_package id='870′]

1. Matambudziko egirazi reConcave uye mhinduro dzaro
2. Matambudziko egirazi reConvex uye mhinduro dzaro
3. Matambudziko akasiyana-siyana e lens uye mhinduro dzawo
4. Kusangana matambudziko nemhinduro dzema lenzi
5. Zvishandiso zvemaziso matambudziko emaziso evanhu uye mhinduro dzawo
6. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzemalenzi ekuonana nemidziyo yemaziso
7. Magirazi emaziso ezvishandiso zvemaziso
8. Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinosimudzira matambudziko egirazi uye mhinduro dzazvo
9. Maikorosikopu yezvishandiso zveOptical - matambudziko nemhinduro
10. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzematelesikopu ezvishandiso zveOptical

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1. Simba re kuonana lens is -5 Diopters.

(A) Lenzi yekuonana nayo i lenzi inoungana or lenzi inochinja-chinja?

(B) Ndeipi nzvimbo yekutarisa lenzi yekuonana?

(C) Ziso rinoona zviri pedyo or ziso rinoona zviri kureKana ziso richiona zviri pedyo, chii chichava pedyo?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba remagirazi (P) = -5 D

Solution:

(A) Magirazi anobatana kana magirazi akasiyana-siyana ?

Chiratidzo chekusashanda zvakanaka kwelenzi chinoratidza kuti lenzi yekuonana ndiyo lenzi inochinja-chinja.

(B) Kureba kwefocal?

P = 1/f

-5 = 1/f

f = 1/-5 = -0.2 m = -20 cm

Hurefu hwefocal hwe lenzi inopatsanurana ndehwekuti 20 cm.

(C) Ziso rinoona zviri pedyo kana kuti ziso rinoona zviri kure?

-1 /d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o

-1 /d_i = -1/20 – 1/~ = -1/20 – 0

-1 /d_i = -1/20

d_i = 20 masendimita

Kureba kwemufananidzo i20 cm. 20 cm ndiyo nzvimbo iri kure yemufananidzo. Ziso rinoona zviri kure. Kune ziso rakajairwa, kure hakuperi.

2. Simba remalenzi ekuonana ndiro 1.5 Diopter.

(A) Lenzi yekuonana igirazi rinobatana kana kuti lenzi rinopatsanurana ?

(B) Ndeipi nzvimbo yekutarisa lenzi yekuonana? ?

(C) Ziso rinoona zviri pedyo kana kuti ziso rinoona zviri kure? Kana riri ziso rinoona zviri kure, chii chichava chinangwa chikuru?

Zvinozivikanwa:

Simba regirazi (P) = 1.5 Diopters

Solution:

(A) lenzi inoungana kana lenzi inopatsanurana

Chiratidzo chakanaka chesimba relenzi chinoratidza kuti lenzi yekuonana iri kusangana nelenzi.

(B) Kureba kwefocal

P = 1/f

1.5 = 1/f

f = 1/ 1.5 = 0.67 m = 67 cm

Hurefu hwepamusoro hwe lenzi inoungana ndeye 67 cm.

(C) Ziso rinoona zviri pedyo kana ziso rinoona zviri kure

-1 /d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o

-1 /d_i = 1/67 – 1/25 = 25/1675 – 67/1675 = -42/1675

-d_i = -1675/42 = -40 cm = -0.40 m

d_i = 40 masendimita

Mufananidzo mufambo kureba kwayo kuri masendimita makumi mana. 20 cm iri pedyo nepanosvika Ziso rinoona zviri kure. Kune ziso rakajairwa, nzvimbo iri pedyo i25 cm.

[wpdm_package id='868′]

1. Matambudziko egirazi reConcave uye mhinduro dzaro
2. Matambudziko egirazi reConvex uye mhinduro dzaro
3. Matambudziko akasiyana-siyana e lens uye mhinduro dzawo
4. Kusangana matambudziko nemhinduro dzema lenzi
5. Zvishandiso zvemaziso matambudziko emaziso evanhu uye mhinduro dzawo
6. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzemalenzi ekuonana nemidziyo yemaziso
7. Magirazi emaziso ezvishandiso zvemaziso
8. Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinosimudzira matambudziko egirazi uye mhinduro dzazvo
9. Maikorosikopu yezvishandiso zveOptical - matambudziko nemhinduro
10. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzematelesikopu ezvishandiso zveOptical

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1. Ziso rakajairika rine nzvimbo iri kure zvikuru. Kureba kwegirazi reziso i2.5 cm. Sarudza (a) daro remufananidzo (b) simba regirazi.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwegirazi reziso (f) = ari mufambo pakati pe cornea ne retina = +2.5 cm (Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza lenzi inoungana).

Kureba kwechinhu (d_o) = kusaverengeka

Wanted : daro remufananidzo (d_i)

Solution:

(A) daro remufananidzo

1/f = 1/d_o + 1/d_i

f = kureba kwefocal, d_o = daro rechinhu, d_i = daro remufananidzo

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1 / 2.5 – 1 / ~ = 1 / 2.5 – 0

1/d_i = 1/2.5

d_i = 2.5 cm = 0.025 mamita

Kana daro rechinhu riri risingaperi, daro remufananidzo (d)_i) = kureba kwefocal (f)

(B) simba regirazi

P = 1/f = 1/ 0.025 m = 40 Divanosarudza

2. Ziso rakajairika rine poindi ye25 cm. Daro remufananidzo rakafanana nedaro riri pakati pe cornea ne retina = 2.5 cm. Sarudza (a) urefu hwe focal (b) simba re lenzi

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwechinhu (d_o) = 25 cm

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d_i) = 2.5 cm

Solution:

(a) kureba kwenzvimbo yakatarisana (f)

1/f = 1/d_o + 1/d_i

1/f = 1/25 + 1/2,5 = 1/25 + 10/25 = 11/25

f = 2.27 cm = 0.0227 m

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza lenzi iri kusangana.

(B) simba relenzi (P)

P = 1/f = 1/ 0.0227 = 44 Divanosarudza

3. Chimwe chezvishandiso zvemaziso ndeche maziso emunhuSarudza hunhu hwemufananidzo unogadzirwa nemaziso evanhu…

A. Chaiye, chakatwasuka

B. Chaiye, chakapindurwa

C. Zviri paindaneti, zvakamira

D. Virtual, yakapindurwa

mhinduro

Nzvimbo iri pedyo neziso rakajairika i25 cm. Nzvimbo iri pedyo ndiyo nzvimbo iri pedyo neziso apo chinhu chakanyatsotarisa pa retina panguva yakakwana. Upamhi hweziso remunhu hudiki pane 25 cm saka kureba kwelenzi yeziso kudikiwo pane 25 cm. Saka, daro rechinhu (d) rinofanira kunge rakakura kupfuura kureba kwelenzi yeziso (f).

Lenzi yeziso igirazi rakamonana. Saka mufananidzo unoumbwa negirazi reziso une hunhu hwakafanana nemufananidzo unoumbwa negirazi rakamonana. Hunhu hwemufananidzo unoumbwa negirazi reziso kana daro rechinhu (s) riri guru kupfuura urefu hwefocal (f):

chaiko, yakapindurwa, Duku

Mufananidzo wacho unofanira kunge wakatarisa pa retina nekuti retina inoshandura mafungu echiedza kuita zviratidzo zvemagetsi zvinotumirwa kuuropi. Kunyangwe mufananidzo wacho wakapindurwa, uropi hwemunhu hunoutenderedza kuti zvinhu zvinoonekwa neziso zvimire zvakanaka.

Kana ukaona muti uri kure, muti wacho unoita semudiki pane saizi yawo chaiyo. Izvi zvinoenderana nehunhu hwemufananidzo wakaderera.

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti A.

4. Ziso rinogona kuona chinhu kana mufananidzo wacho wakatarisana ne retina uko hunhu hwemufananidzo huri…

A. Zviri pachena, zvakatwasuka, zvakakura

B. Zviri paindaneti, zvakapindurwa, zvidiki

C. Chaiyo, yakapindurwa, diki

D. Chaiyo, yakatwasuka, diki

mhinduro
– Lenzi yeziso igirazi rakamonana, saka, hunhu hwemufananidzo unoumbwa negirazi reziso hwakafanana nehunhu hwemufananidzo unoumbwa negirazi rakamonana.

– Nzvimbo iri pedyo neziso rakajairika kana kuti daro riri pedyo rinogona kuonekwa zvakajeka nemaziso i25 cm. Mabhora emaziso madiki zvekuti radius yekukombama uye urefu hwefocal lens yeziso hudiki pane 25 cm. Saka zvinogona kugumiswa kuti daro rechinhu rakakura kupfuura urefu hwefocal.

– Kana daro rechinhu riri guru pane urefu hwefocal, saka hunhu hwemufananidzo unoumbwa neziso remunhu pa retina ndehwechokwadi, hwakatenderedzwa, uye hudiki. Kunyangwe mufananidzo wacho wakatenderedzwa, uropi hunoutendeudza wakamira sezvatinouona.

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti C.

[wpdm_package id='866′]

1. Matambudziko egirazi reConcave uye mhinduro dzaro
2. Matambudziko egirazi reConvex uye mhinduro dzaro
3. Matambudziko akasiyana-siyana e lens uye mhinduro dzawo
4. Kusangana matambudziko nemhinduro dzema lenzi
5. Zvishandiso zvemaziso matambudziko emaziso evanhu uye mhinduro dzawo
6. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzemalenzi ekuonana nemidziyo yemaziso
7. Magirazi emaziso ezvishandiso zvemaziso
8. Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinosimudzira matambudziko egirazi uye mhinduro dzazvo
9. Maikorosikopu yezvishandiso zveOptical - matambudziko nemhinduro
10. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzematelesikopu ezvishandiso zveOptical

Read more

1. Chinhu chakareba masendimita mashanu chinoiswa masendimita mashanu kubva pa 15-cm kureba kwefocal kusangana lenzi. Sarudza mufananidzo mufambo, kukura kwemufananidzo, kukwirira kwemufananidzo uye ari zvivakwa of mufananidzo.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwefocal (f) = 15 cm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti nzvimbo iri pamberi pechinhu ndechechokwadi kana kuti mwaranzi inopfuura nepakati pechinhu.

Kureba kwechinhu (h_o) = 5 cm

Kureba kwechinhu (d_o) = 5 cm

Wanted : daro remufananidzo, kukura kwemufananidzo, kukwirira kwemufananidzo uye hunhu hwemufananidzo

Solution:

Kuumbwa kwemufananidzo na lenzi inoungana :

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/15 – 1/5 = 1/15 – 3/15 = -2/15

d_i = -15/2 = -7.5 cm

Chiratidzo che "minus" chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepakombiyuta kana kuti mwaranzi haipfuuri nepamufananidzo.

Kukura kwemufananidzo (m):

m = - d_i / d_o = -(-7.5)/5 = 7.5/5 = 1.5

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Kureba kwemufananidzo (h_i):

m = h_i / h_o

h_i = m h_o = (1.5)5 = 10/3 = 7.5 cm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Hunhu hwemufananidzo

- rakapotsa

- vakarurama

- Mufananidzo wacho mukuru pane chinhu chacho

- Kureba kwemufananidzo kwakakura kupfuura kureba kwechinhu

2. A 10-cm chinhu chakakwirira chakaiswa 30 cm kubva pa 15-cm kureba kwefocal kusangana malenzi. Sarudza daro remufananidzo, kukura kwemufananidzo, kukwirira kwemufananidzo uye ari zvivakwa of mufananidzo.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwefocal (f) = 15 cm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti nzvimbo iri pamberi pechinhu ndechechokwadi kana kuti mwaranzi inopfuura nepakati pechinhu.

Kureba kwechinhu (h) = 10 cm

Kureba kwechinhu (s) = 30 cm

Kuda: Kureba kwemufananidzo, kukura kwemufananidzo, kukwirira kwemufananidzo uye hunhu hwemufananidzo

Solution:

Kuumbwa kwemufananidzo ne lenzi inoungana:

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/15 – 1/30 = 2/30 – 1/30 = 1/30

d_i = 30/1 = 30 cm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho ndewechokwadi kana kuti mwaranzi pfuura nepakati pemufananidzo.

Kukura kwemufananidzo (m):

m = - d_i / d_o = -(30)/30 = -30/30 = -1

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakapindurwa.

Kureba kwemufananidzo (h_i):

m = h_i / h_o

h_i = m h_o = (-1)10 = -10 cm

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakapindurwa.

Hunhu hwemufananidzo

- chaiyo kana kuti mwaranzi inopfuura nepamufananidzo

- inverant

- Kureba kwemufananidzo kwakafanana nekukwirira kwechinhu.

- Kureba kwemufananidzo kwakafanana nedaro rechinhu.

3. A 10-cm chinhu chakakwirira chakaiswa 30 cm kubva pa 20-cm kureba kwefocal kusangana malenzi. Sarudza daro remufananidzo, kukura kwemufananidzo, kukwirira kwemufananidzo uye ari zvivakwa of mufananidzo.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwefocal f) = 20 cm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti nzvimbo iri pamberi pechinhu ndechechokwadi kana kuti mwaranzi inopfuura nepakati pechinhu.

Kureba kwechinhu (h) = 10 cm

Kureba kwechinhu (d_o) = 30 cm

Zvaidiwa: Kureba kwemufananidzo, kukura kwemufananidzo, kukwirira kwemufananidzo uye hunhu hwemufananidzo

Solution:

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/20 – 1/30 = 3/60 – 2/60 = 1/60

d_i = 60/1 = 60 cm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho ndewechokwadi kana kuti mwaranzi inopfuura nemumufananidzo.

Kukura kwemufananidzo (m):

m = - d_i / d_o = -(60)/30 = -2

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakapindurwa.

Mufananidzo wacho wakakura kakapetwa kaviri pane chinhu chacho.

Kureba kwemufananidzo (h_i):

m = h_i / h_o

hi = m h_o = (-2)10 = -20 cm

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakapindurwa.

Hunhu hwemufananidzo

- zvechokwadi

- inverant

- kukwirira kwemufananidzo kwakakura kupfuura kukwirira kwechinhu

- daro remufananidzo rakakura kupfuura daro rechinhu

4. Zvichibva pamufananidzo uri pazasi, sarudza kureba kwelenzi inoungana!

Zvinozivikanwa:

Chinhu chinhambwe (d_o) = 20 cm

Daro remufananidzo (d_i) = 30 cm

Wanted : Kureba kwefocal (F)

Solution:

1/d_o + 1/d_i = 1/f

d_o = daro rechinhu (plus chiratidzo nekuti mwaranzi inopfuura nepakati Chinhu)

d_i = chinhambwe chemufananidzo (plus chiratidzo nekuti mwaranzi inopfuura nepakati mufananidzo)

f = yakatarisana urefu (plus chiratidzo nekuti mwaranzi inopfuura nepakati penzvimbo inotarisisa kana kuti nzvimbo inotarisisa ndeyechokwadi)

Kureba kwefocal:

1/f = 1/20 + 1/30 = 3/60 + 2/60 = 5/60

f = 60/5 = 12 cm

5. Kureba kwechinhu i30 cm uye kureba kwefocal i20 cm. Sarudza kukura kwemufananidzo.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwefocal kwelenzi inoungana (f) = 20 cm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti nzvimbo inotarisa chinhu ndechechokwadi kana kuti mwenje pfuura nepakati mufananidzo.

Chinhu chinhambwe (d_o) = 30 cm

Zvaidiwa: Kukura kwemufananidzo (M)

Solution:

Kureba kwemufananidzo:

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/do = 1/20 – 1/30 = 3/60 – 2/60 = 1/60

d_i = 60/1 = 60 cm

Kukura kwemufananidzo:

M = d_i / d_o = 60 cm / 30 cm = 60/30 = 2 nguva

[wpdm_package id='864′]

1. Matambudziko egirazi reConcave uye mhinduro dzaro
2. Matambudziko egirazi reConvex uye mhinduro dzaro
3. Matambudziko akasiyana-siyana e lens uye mhinduro dzawo
4. Kusangana matambudziko nemhinduro dzema lenzi
5. Zvishandiso zvemaziso matambudziko emaziso evanhu uye mhinduro dzawo
6. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzemalenzi ekuonana nemidziyo yemaziso
7. Magirazi emaziso ezvishandiso zvemaziso
8. Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinosimudzira matambudziko egirazi uye mhinduro dzazvo
9. Maikorosikopu yezvishandiso zveOptical - matambudziko nemhinduro
10. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzematelesikopu ezvishandiso zveOptical

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1. Chinhu chakareba masendimita mashanu chinoiswa 15 cm kubva pahurefu hwemasentimita makumi matatu lenzi inochinja-chinjaSarudza mufananidzo mufambo, kukura kwemufananidzo, kukwirira kwemufananidzo, uye hunhu hwemufananidzo.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwefocal (f) = -30 cm

Chiratidzo che "minus" chinoratidza kuti nzvimbo iri pamberi pechinhu iri pakombiyuta kana kuti mwaranzi haipfuuri nepanzvimbo yacho.

Kureba kwechinhu (h)_o) = 5 cm

Kureba kwechinhu (d)_o) = 15 cm

Kuda: Kureba kwemufananidzo (d)_i), kukura kwemufananidzo (m), kukwirira kwemufananidzo (h_i) uye hunhu hwemufananidzo.

Solution:

Kuumbwa kwemufananidzo ne lenzi yakasiyana-siyana:

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d)_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/30 – 1/15 = -1/30 – 2/30 = -3/30

d_i = -30/3 = -10 cm

Chiratidzo che "minus" chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepakombiyuta kana kuti mwaranzi haipfuuri nepamufananidzo.

Kukura kwemufananidzo (m):

m = – d_i /d_o = -(-10)/15 = 10/15 = 2/3

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Mufananidzo wacho mudiki ne 2/3 pane chinhu chacho.

Kureba kwemufananidzo (h)_i):

m = h_i / h_o

h_i = mh_o = (2/3)5 = 10/3 = 3.3 cm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Hunhu hwemufananidzo:

Hunhu hwemufananidzo hunoumbwa negirazi rinopatsanurana:

- pamhepo

- yakatwasuka

- mufananidzo mudiki pane chinhu chacho

- daro remufananidzo diki pane daro rechinhu

2. Chinhu chakareba masendimita gumi chinoiswa 60 cm kubva pane lenzi ine urefu hwemasendimita makumi matatu. Sarudza daro remufananidzo, kukura kwemufananidzo, kukwirira kwemufananidzo, uye hunhu hwemufananidzo.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwefocal (f) = -30 cm

Chiratidzo che "minus" chinoratidza kuti nzvimbo iri pamberi pechinhu iri paindaneti kana kuti iri paindaneti. mwaranzi usapfuure nepfungwa yacho.

Kureba kwechinhu (h) = 10 cm

Kureba kwechinhu (d)_o) = 60 cm

Zvaidiwa: Kureba kwemufananidzo (d)_i), kukura kwemufananidzo (m), kukwirira kwemufananidzo (h_i) uye hunhu hwemufananidzo

Solution:

Kuumbwa kwemufananidzo ne lenzi yakasiyana-siyana:

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d)_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/30 – 1/60 = -2/60 – 1/60 = -3/60

d_i = -60/3 = -20 cm

Chiratidzo che "minus" chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepakombiyuta kana kuti mwaranzi haipfuuri nepamufananidzo.

Kukura kwemufananidzo (m):

m = -d_i/d_o = -(-20)/60 = 20/60 = 1/3

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Mufananidzo wacho mudiki ne 1/3 pane chinhu chacho.

Kureba kwemufananidzo (h)_i):

m = h_i / h_o

h_i = mh_o = (1/3)10 = 10/3 = 3.3 cm

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Zvimiro zvemufananidzo

- zviri paindaneti nekuti mwaranzi haipfuure nepamufananidzo

- yakatwasuka

- mufananidzo mudiki pane chinhu chacho

- daro remufananidzo diki pane daro rechinhu

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1. Matambudziko egirazi reConcave uye mhinduro dzaro
2. Matambudziko egirazi reConvex uye mhinduro dzaro
3. Matambudziko akasiyana-siyana e lens uye mhinduro dzawo
4. Kusangana matambudziko nemhinduro dzema lenzi
5. Zvishandiso zvemaziso matambudziko emaziso evanhu uye mhinduro dzawo
6. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzemalenzi ekuonana nemidziyo yemaziso
7. Magirazi emaziso ezvishandiso zvemaziso
8. Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinosimudzira matambudziko egirazi uye mhinduro dzazvo
9. Maikorosikopu yezvishandiso zveOptical - matambudziko nemhinduro
10. Matambudziko nemhinduro dzematelesikopu ezvishandiso zveOptical

Read more