Magirazi ane convex - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Kureba kwechinhu chakatarisana convex mirror ine 10 cm uye chinhu chacho mufambo ine 20 cm. Sarudza (a) daro remufananidzo (b) kukura kwemufananidzo

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwefocal (f) = -10 cm

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti nzvimbo iri pamberi pegirazi rakatenderedzwa iri chaiyo

Kureba kwechinhu (d_o) = 20 cm

Solution:

Kuumbwa kwemufananidzo negirazi rakatetepa:

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d)_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/10 – 1/20 = -2/20 – 1/20 = -3/20

d_i = -20/3 = -6.7 cm

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepaindaneti.

Kukura kwemufananidzo:

m = - d_i / d_o = -(-6.7)/20 = 6.7/20 = 0.3

m = 0,3 nguva diki pane chinhu chacho.

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo uri kumusoro.

2. Chinhu chakareba masendimita gumi chinoiswa pamberi pegirazi rakamonana rine urefu hwemasendimita makumi maviri. Sarudza kukwirira kwemufananidzo kana daro rechinhu chiri (a) 10 cm (b) 30 cm (c) 40 cm (d) 50 cm

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwegirazi re convex (f) = -20 cm

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti nzvimbo yakatarisana nayo iri paindaneti

Radiyo yekukombama (r) = 2 f = 2(20) = 40 cm

Kureba kwechinhu (h) = 10 cm

Solution:

a) kureba kwefocal (f) = -20 cm uye daro rechinhu (d_o) = 10 cm

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d)_i) :

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/20 – 1/10 = -1/20 – 2/20 = -3/20

d_i = -20/3 = -6.7

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepakombiyuta kana kuti mufananidzo uri kuseri kwegirazi.

Kukura kwemufananidzo (m):

m = -d_i / d_o = -(-6.7)/10 = 6.7/10 = 0.67

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Mufananidzo wacho mudiki ne 0.67 pane chinhu chacho.

Kureba kwemufananidzo (h_i):

m = h_i / h_o

h_i = h_o m = (10 cm)(0.67) = 6.7 cm

b) kureba kwefocal (f) = -20 cm uye daro rechinhu (d_o) = 30 cm

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/20 – 1/30 = -3/60 – 2/60 = -5/60

d_i = -60/5 = -12

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepakombiyuta kana kuti mufananidzo uri kuseri kwegirazi.

Kukura kwemufananidzo (m):

m = -d_i / d_o = -(-12)/30 = 12/30 = 0.4

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Mufananidzo wacho mudiki nekanenge ka0,4 pane chinhu chacho.

Kureba kwemufananidzo (h_i):

m = h_i / h_o

h_i = h_o m = (10 cm)(0.4) = 4 cm

c) Kureba kwefocal (f) = -20 cm uye daro rechinhu (d_o) = 40 cm

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/20 – 1/40 = -2/40 – 1/40 = -3/40

d_i = -40/3 = -13.3

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepakombiyuta kana kuti mufananidzo uri kuseri kwegirazi rakamonana.

Kukura kwemufananidzo (m):

m = - d_i / d_o = -(-13.3)/40 = 13.3/40 = 0.3

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Mufananidzo wacho mudiki ne 0.3 pane chinhu chacho.

Kureba kwemufananidzo (h_i) :

m = h_i / h_o

h_i = h_o m = (10 cm)(0.3) = 3 cm

d) Kureba kwefocal (f) = -20 cm uye daro rechinhu (d_o) = 50 cm

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/20 – 1/50 = -5/100 – 2/100 = -7/100

d_i = -100/7 = -14.3

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepakombiyuta kana kuti mufananidzo uri kuseri kwegirazi rakamonana.

Kukura kwemufananidzo (m):

m = - d_i / d_o = -(-14.3)/50 = 14.3/50 = 0.3

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Mufananidzo wacho mudiki ne 0.3 pane chinhu chacho.

Kureba kwemufananidzo (h_i) :

m = h_i / h_o

h_i = h_o m = (10 cm)(0.3) = 3 cm

3. Chinhu chiri pachinhambwe che 20 cm pamberi pegirazi rakatenderedza. Kana kukwirira kwemufananidzo kuri 1/5 yakapetwa kukwirira kwechinhu, sarudza (a) kureba kwemufananidzo b) kureba kwefocal c) hunhu hwemufananidzo

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwechinhu (d_o) = 20 cm

Kureba kwemufananidzo (h_i) = 1/5 awa = 0.2 awa

Kureba kwechinhu (h) = h

Solution:

a) daro remufananidzo (d_i)

Fomura yekukudza mufananidzo :

m = h_i / h_o = 0.2awa / awa = 0.2

Chiratidzo chekuwedzera chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho wakamira.

Mufananidzo wacho mudiki ne 0.2 pane chinhu chacho.

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d_i):

-d_i = md_o

d_i = - m d_o = -(0.2)(20 cm) = -4 cm

Chiratidzo chekusiya chinoratidza kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepakombiyuta kana kuti mufananidzo uri kuseri kwegirazi rakamonana.

b) Kureba kwefocal (f)

Kureba kwefocal (f):

1/f = 1/d_o + 1/ d_i = 1/20 – 1/4 = 1/20 – 5/20 = -4/20

f = -20/4 = -5 cm

Chiratidzo che "minus" chinoratidza kuti nzvimbo iri pamberi pechinhu iri paindaneti.

c) Hunhu hwemufananidzo:

- Akarurama

- Muduku

- rakapotsa

4. Chiedza chinorova girazi rakatenderedza rakafanana neakisi chinozoratidzwa….

A. kuenda kunzvimbo yekutarisa girazi

B. sezviri panzvimbo yekutarisa girazi

C. nepakati pegirazi rakakombama

D. yakatarisana negirazi regirazi

mhinduro

Dambudziko iri rinoonekwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.

5. Mutyairi webhasikoro anoona mufananidzo wemudhudhudhu uri kumashure kwawo kakapetwa kaviri pahukuru hwawo hwepakutanga kana daro riri pakati pemutyairi webhasikoro nemudhudhudhu riri mamita makumi matatu. Sarudza dhayamita yekukombama kwegirazi rekumashure…

A. 7.14 m

B. 8.57 m

C. 12.00 m

D. 24.00 m

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kukura kwemufananidzo (M) = 1/6 kanomwe

Kureba kwechinhu (d) = mamita makumi matatu

Kuda: Radiyo yekukombama kwegirazi rekuona kumashure (R)

Solution:

Verenga daro remufananidzo (d')

Sezvo kukura kwemufananidzo (M) uye daro rechinhu (s) zvave zvichizivikanwa, daro remufananidzo rinogona kuzivikanwa uchishandisa fomura yekukura kwemufananidzo:

Chiratidzo chekuramba chinoreva kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepaindaneti. Mufananidzo wacho uri pamamita mashanu kubva pagirazi rakatenderedza.

Verenga urefu hwefocal (f)

Sezvo daro rechinhu (d) uye daro remufananidzo (d'), ipapo urefu hwefocal hunogona kuverengerwa uchishandisa fomura yegirazi:

Radiyo yekukombama (R)

Radius yekukombama kwegirazi rakatenderedzwa inopetwa kaviri kureba kwegirazi rakatenderedzwa.
R = 2 f = 2 (mamita matanhatu) = mamita gumi nemaviri
Radius yekukombama kwegirazi rakatenderedzwa ine denderedzwa regirazi i12 metres.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti C.

6. Girazi rakamoneredzwa rinosarudzwa segirazi rekuona kumashure kwemudhudhudhu nekuti hunhu hwemufananidzo unogadzirwa negirazi…

A. chaiyo, yakatwasuka, yakaderedzwa

B. chaiyo, yakatwasuka, yakakura

C. chaiyo, yakatwasuka, yakaderedzwa

D. chaiyo, yakatwasuka, yakakura

Solution:

Zvichibva pamifananidzo miviri iri pamusoro apa zvinogona kugumisa kuti hunhu hwemufananidzo hwakafanana, hwakamira, kuderedzwa.

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti C.

7. Ku Chinhu chiri 12 cm pamberi pegirazi rakamonana rine dhayamita ye6 cm. Hunhu hwemufananidzo ndehwekuti…

A. chaiyo, yakapindurwa iri chinhambwe che12 cm

B. chaiyo, yakatwasuka iri chinhambwe che 4 cm

C. chaiyo, yakatwasuka iri chinhambwe che 2.4 cm

D. chaiyo, yakapindurwa iri chinhambwe che6 cm

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba kwechinhu (d) = 12 cm

Nharaunda ye convex mirror (r) = 6 cm.

Kureba kwechinhu chakatarisana nacho convex mirror (f) = 6 cm / 2 = -3 cm

Kureba kwegirazi rakatenderedzwa kunoratidza kuti harina kunaka nekuti riri rechokwadi. Riri rechokwadi nekuti haripfuuri nechiedza.

Zvaidiwa: Zvimiro zvemufananidzo

Solution:

Kureba kwemufananidzo (d'):

1/d' = 1/f – 1/d = -1/3 – 1/12 = -4/12 – 1/12 = -5/12

d' = -12/5 = -2.4 cm

Kureba kwemufananidzo kwakasainwa negative zvinoreva kuti mufananidzo wacho uri wepaindaneti.

Kukura kwemufananidzo (m):

m = -d' / d = -(-2.4) / 12 = 2.4 / 12 = 0.2 kanomwe

Kukura kwemufananidzo wakanyorwa zvakanaka kunoreva kuti mufananidzo wakamira uye kukura kwemufananidzo kuri 0.2 zvinoreva kuti saizi yemufananidzo idiki pane saizi yechinhu (yakaderedzwa).

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeinoti C.

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