Mhando dzeMakondirakiti: Kunzwisisa Basa Rawo uye Mabhenefiti Awo muHupfumi
Makoperati imasangano ehupfumi anoita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira hupfumi, padanho remunharaunda, renyika, nerepasi rose. Kusiyana nemamwe masangano ebhizinesi, makoperati akavakirwa pamisimboti yekubatana uye democracy yezvehupfumi. Chinangwa chavo chikuru ndechekuvandudza hutano hwenhengo dzavo. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora mhando dzakasiyana dzemakoperati aripo, mashandiro aanoita, uye mabhenefiti awo kunhengo nenharaunda yakakura.
Tsanangudzo yeMubatanidzwa
Izwi rekuti "co-operative" rinobva pashoko rekuti "co-operative," zvinoreva kushanda pamwe chete. Sekureva kweMutemo Nhamba 25 we1992 une chekuita neCo-operatives muIndonesia, co-operative ibhizinesi rine nhengo dzaro vanhu kana masangano epamutemo eco-operative, ane mabasa akavakirwa pamisimboti yeco-operative uye zvakare isangano revanhu rehupfumi rakavakirwa pamisimboti yemhuri.
Nheyo dzeKushandira Pamwe Chete
Makambani ekubatsirana akavakirwa pamisimboti mikuru minomwe inoasiyanisa nemamwe masangano ebhizinesi:
1. Nhengo dzeKuzvipira uye Dzakasununguka: Makambani ekubatsirana akavhurika kune vanhu vese vanogona kushandisa masevhisi aya uye vanoda kugamuchira mabasa ekuva nhengo.
2. Kudzorwa kweVatongi veDemocratic neNhengo: Makambani emubatanidzwa anotungamirwa nedemocracy nevhoti imwe chete yenhengo yega yega, zvisinei nehukuru hwemari inowanikwa.
3. Kutora Chikamu Chezvehupfumi Kwenhengo: Nhengo dzinopa mari zvakaenzana uye dzinodzora mari yadzo yekushandira pamwe nenzira yedemocracy.
4. Kuzvitonga uye Kuzvimiririra: Makambani emubatanidzwa anozvimiririra uye anotongwa nenhengo dzawo.
5. Dzidzo, Kudzidziswa, uye Ruzivo: Makambani ekubatsirana anopa dzidzo nekudzidziswa kwenhengo, mamaneja, nevashandi kuitira kuti vagone kupa mipiro zvinobudirira.
6. Kushandira pamwe pakati peMakambani Anoshandira pamwe: Makambani anoshanda pamwe chete kuburikidza nehurongwa hwemunharaunda, hwenyika nehwepasi rose.
7. Kutarisira Nharaunda: Makambani ekubatsirana akazvipira mukusimudzira budiriro inoenderera mberi nenharaunda dzawo.
Mhando dzeMakambani Ekubatsirana
Mukuita, ma cooperative akakamurwa kuita mhando dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakagadzirirwa zvinodiwa nezvinangwa zvavo. Heano mamwe marudzi akajairika ema cooperative:
1. Mushandirapamwe weVatengi
Makoperati evatengi anotarisa pakupa nhengo dzavo zvinhu nemasevhisi kuti vagutse zvavanoda zuva nezuva nemitengo yakaderera. Kazhinji, makoperati aya anoshandisa zvitoro kana masupamaketi anotengesa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodiwa. Chinhu chikuru chinobatsira makoperati evatengi kugona kwavo kupa mitengo inokwikwidzana kune nhengo dzavo uku vachigovanisa purofiti kwavari nenzira yekudzoserwa mari kana kudzikiswa kwemitengo.
2. Mubatanidzwa weVagadziri
Makoperati ekugadzira anoumbwa nevagadziri vakawanda vanoshanda pamwe chete kuti vawedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira nekugovera kwavo. Chinangwa chikuru chekoperati yemhando iyi ndechekutenga zvinhu zvakagadzirwa, michina yekugadzira, uye kushambadza zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa. Nekushandira pamwe chete, vagadziri vanogona kuderedza mari yekugadzira uye kuwedzera kukwikwidzana kwezvigadzirwa zvavo pamusika.
3. Sangano rekuchengetedza mari nechikwereti
Makambani ekuchengetedza mari nechikwereti anozivikanwawo semasangano echikwereti. Basa ravo guru nderekuunganidza mari kubva kunhengo uye kupa zvikwereti zvine mubereko wakaderera pane masangano emari akajairika. Makambani ekuchengetedza mari nechikwereti anobatsira nhengo dzawo kugadzirisa matambudziko emari uye kuita zvirongwa zvekudyara mari kana kushandisa mari zvinobudirira uye zvinobudirira.
4. Makambani Ekubatsirana
Makoperati ebasa anonyanya kupa mabasa anodiwa nenhengo dzawo. Mienzaniso inosanganisira makoperati ebasa anopa mabasa ekufambisa, ehutano, edzidzo, kana etekinoroji yeruzivo. Makoperati ebasa anobvumira nhengo dzawo kuwana mabasa angave asingadhuri kana anodhura zvakanyanya pamusika wakavhurika.
5. Mubatanidzwa weKushambadzira
Makoperati ekushambadzira anotarisira kushambadza nekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nenhengo dzawo. Chinangwa chikuru chekoperati dzekushambadzira ndechekuwana misika yakanakisisa, kutara mitengo inobatsira, uye kukunda makwikwi nenzira yakarongeka. Izvi zvinobvumira nhengo kuwana mitengo yekutengesa yakakwira kupfuura dai dzaitengesa dzega.
Mabhenefiti eMakambani Ekubatsirana
Kuvapo kwemakoperati kunopa mabhenefiti akasiyana-siyana kwete kune nhengo dzayo chete, asiwo kune nzanga nehupfumi hwese:
1. Kuvandudza Kugarika Kwenhengo: Makambani ekubatsira nhengo dzavo kuwana mabhenefiti ehupfumi zvakananga kuburikidza nekugoverwa kwemigove, mabasa emhando yepamusoro, uye mitengo inokwikwidzana.
2. Kuwedzera Kukwikwidzana: Nekubatana neboka revashandi pamwe chete, nhengo dzinogona kuwedzera kukwikwidzana kwezvigadzirwa nemasevhisi avo nekuda kwekushanda zvakanaka kunogadzirwa nekushandira pamwe chete.
3. Kudzidziswa neDzidzo: Makambani ekubatsirana anopa mikana kunhengo dzawo yekudzidza nekukura kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudzidziswa nedzidzo zvinopihwa.
4. Zvinosimudzira Hupfumi hweMunharaunda: Makambani ekubatsirana anotsigira hupfumi hwemunzvimbo nekushandisa zviwanikwa zvemunzvimbo uye kugovera zvakawandisa kunharaunda, zvichiita kuti mari irambe ichitenderera munharaunda.
5. Kuderedza Urombo: Makambani ekubatsirana anopa mukana wekuti mapoka anoshaya awane mukana wekutora chikamu mumabasa ehupfumi anobudirira, izvo zvinobatsira mukuderedza urombo.
6. Kubudirira Kunogara Kwakagadzikana: Nepfungwa yekutarisira nharaunda, masangano ekubatsirana anobatsira mukusimudzira nharaunda nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Matambudziko Anosangana Nemakambani Ekubatsirana
Kunyange hazvo masangano ekubatsirana achipa mabhenefiti akawanda, anosanganawo nematambudziko akati wandei anofanirwa kugadziriswa:
- Kutarisira Zvinobudirira: Zvinoda timu yehunyanzvi yekutarisira ine hunyanzvi hwekutarisira.
– Kuziva Nhengo uye Kutora Chikamu: Kubudirira kwemushandirapamwe kunoenderana zvakanyanya nekutora chikamu kwenhengo dzawo.
– Makwikwi eMusika: Makambani emubatanidzwa haafanire kukwikwidzana nemamwe makambani emubatanidzwa chete asiwo nemakambani akazvimirira anowanzova nezviwanikwa zvakawanda.
– Tekinoroji neKugadzira Zvinhu Zvitsva: Kushandisa tekinoroji itsva kwakaoma nekuti kunoda mari yekudyara uye shanduko mutsika dzesangano.
Mhedziso
Makambani ekubatsirana anoita basa guru muhupfumi nekupa nzira yakaringana uye inoshanda pamwe chete panzvimbo pemakambani emazuva ano. Hupfumi hwemakondirakiti hunotarisisa kwete purofiti chete asiwo kusimbaradza hupfumi hwenhengo dzawo. Pasinei nekutarisana nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana, makondirakiti anotungamirirwa zvakanaka anogona kupa mabhenefiti anogara kwenguva refu kunhengo dzawo nenharaunda yakakura, zvichibatsira mukusimudzira hupfumi hwakabatana uye hunoenderera mberi.
