Muenzaniso weMibvunzo yeKukurukurirana yeMasisitimu eMagetsi
Masisitimu emagetsi anoita basa rakakosha muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehupenyu hwemazuva ano, kubva pakutaurirana nemaindasitiri kusvika kumishonga. Kunzwisisa zvakadzama pfungwa huru uye mashandisirwo emasisitimu emagetsi kwakakosha kuvadzidzi nevanoita basa iri vanoda kuvandudza hunyanzvi mubasa iri. Chinyorwa chino chichapa mienzaniso yakati wandei yezvinetso nehurukuro maererano nemasisitimu emagetsi, atinotarisira kuti zvichapa nzwisiso uye zvichabatsira maitiro ekudzidza.
1. Muenzaniso Dambudziko: RC Low-Pass Filter Circuit
Mubvunzo:
Unopiwa RC low-pass filter circuit, apo resistance (R) iri 1kΩ uye capacitance (C) iri 100nF. Verenga cutoff frequency ye filter.
Kukurukurirana:
Kuwanda kwe "cutoff frequency" (f_c) kwe "RC low-pass filter" kunogona kuverengerwa uchishandisa fomura:
\[ f_c = \frac{1}{2 \pi RC} \]
Nekushandura kukosha kwe capacitance kubva ku nanoFarad kuenda kuFarad:
\[ C = 100nF = 100 \kawa 10^{-9} F \]
Iye zvino, tinotsiva kukosha kweR naC mufomura:
\[ f_c = \frac{1}{2 \pi (1 \kawa 10^3)(100 \kawa 10^{-9})} \]
\[ f_c = \frac{1}{2 \pi \times 10^{-4}} \]
\[ f_c \approx \frac{1}{6.28 \times 10^{-4}} \]
\[ f_c \inenge 1591.55 Hz \]
Saka, frequency ye cutoff yefirita iyi ingangoita 1591.55 Hz.
2. Muenzaniso Mubvunzo: Kuwana MaAmplifiers Ekushanda (Op-Amp)
Mubvunzo:
Paunenge uchishandisa amplifier inoshanda isingachinji ine kukosha kweR1 = 1kΩ uye R2 = 10kΩ, verenga kuwedzera kwedunhu.
Kukurukurirana:
Kuwana kwe amplifier inoshanda isingachinji kunoverengerwa nefomula:
\[ Gain(A) = 1 + \frac{R2}{R1} \]
Nemakoshero akapihwa eR1 neR2:
\[ A = 1 + \frac{10k\Omega}{1k\Omega} \]
\[ A = 1 + 10 \]
\[ A = 11 \]
Kubva pane zvabuda pamusoro apa, kuwedzera kwe amplifier iyi isingachinjiki kwakapetwa kagumi nerimwe.
3. Muenzaniso weMubvunzo: Sisitimu yeDigital ine Signal Lottery
Mubvunzo:
Chiratidzo chedhijitari chine makumbo mashanu chinoburitsa patani yekodhi yebhinari 01101. Verenga kukosha kwedesimali kunoenderana nepatani yekodhi yebhinari.
Kukurukurirana:
Kuti tishandure binary code kuita decimal, tinogona kushandisa multiplication by powers of two method. Binary digit yega yega inowedzerwa ne2, yosimudzwa kusvika papower inoenderana nenzvimbo yayo kubva kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe, ichitanga papower ye0.
Patani ye binary 01101 inogona kuverengerwa seizvi:
\[ 0 \nguva 2^4 + 1 \nguva 2^3 + 1 \nguva 2^2 + 0 \nguva 2^1 + 1 \nguva 2^0 \]
Iva:
\[ 0 \nguva 16 + 1 \nguva 8 + 1 \nguva 4 + 0 \nguva 2 + 1 \nguva 1 \]
\[ = 0 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 \]
\[ = 13 \]
Saka, kukosha kwedesimali kwepattern yebinary 01101 i13.
4. Muenzaniso weMubvunzo: Dunhu reRectifier reMafungu Akazara
Mubvunzo:
Uchishandisa transformer inoderedza voltage kubva pa240V AC kusvika pa24V AC, yakabatana ne full-wave rectifier, verenga voltage yeDC inobuda kana diode yacho yakakodzera (isina kudonha kwevoltage).
Kukurukurirana:
Chinogadzirisa magetsi chakazara chinoshandura magetsi eAC kuita DC nekugadzirisa AC cycle yese. Voltage yeDC inogadzirwa nechinogadzirisa magetsi chakazara inogona kuwanikwa nekuverenga avhareji yevoltage yewaveform yakagadziriswa.
Kuti pave nevoltage yakakwana ye diode neRMS pa input (output transformer), voltage yeDC inobuda ye biased full-wave rectifier ndeiyi:
\[ V_{DC} \approx \frac{2V_{RMS}}{\pi} \]
Pano, RMS voltage ndeye 24V.
\[ V_{DC} \approx \frac{2 \times 24}{3.14} \]
\[ V_{DC} \approx \frac{48}{3.14} \]
\[ V_{DC} \inenge 15.29V \]
Saka, voltage yeDC inobuda inenge 15.29V.
5. Muenzaniso weMubvunzo: Musanganiswa weLC Resonance Circuit Pamwe Chete
Mubvunzo:
Sarudza frequency ye resonant \( f_r \) yeLC resonant circuit ine inductor L = 10mH uye capacitor C = 10µF.
Kukurukurirana:
Kuwanda kwe resonant (\( f_r \)) kwe parallel LC circuit kunoverengerwa nefomula:
\[ f_r = \frac{1}{2 \pi \sqrt{LC}} \]
Nekushandura kukosha kweL naC kuita mayuniti aHenry naFarad:
\[ L = 10mH = 10 \kawa 10^{-3}H \]
\[ C = 10µF = 10 \kawa 10^{-6}F \]
Isa L naC mufomura iyi:
\[ f_r = \frac{1}{2 \pi \sqrt{(10 \times 10^{-3})(10 \times 10^{-6})}} \]
\[ f_r = \frac{1}{2 \pi \sqrt{10 \kawa 10^{-9}}} \]
\[ f_r = \frac{1}{2 \pi \sqrt{10^{-8}}} \]
\[ f_r = \frac{1}{2 \pi \times 10^{-4}} \]
\[ f_r = \frac{10^4}{2 \pi} \]
\[ f_r \approx \frac{10^4}{6.28} \]
\[ f_r \inenge 1591.55 Hz \]
Saka, frequency ye resonant yedunhu iri reLC inenge 1591.55 Hz.
Mhedziso
Kubva mukukurukura kwemuenzaniso wematambudziko ari pamusoro apa, taona kuti kushandisa nheyo dzemagetsi dzekutanga kunogona kutibatsira kunzwisisa nekugadzirisa matambudziko anowanzoitika mumunda. Kunzwisisa pfungwa idzi uye maitiro ari kuenderera mberi zvakakosha pakuziva masisitimu emagetsi. Tinotarisira kuti chinyorwa chino chichabatsira vaverengi kunzwisisa zviri nani maverengerwo ezvikamu uye hunhu hwemasisitimu emagetsi, zvichiita kuti vakwanise kuzvishandisa muzvidzidzo zvavo nenzvimbo yebasa.
