2 Mienzaniso yemibvunzo nezvezvishandiso zvemaziso zvinoonekwa
1. Munhu ane maziso akajairwa Kutarisa chinhu chiri kure, uko nzvimbo iri kure yeziso rakajairika isingaverengeki. Kureba kwelenzi yeziso kwakafanana nekureba kuri pakati pe cornea ne retina, kureva 2,5 cm, zvinosarudza (a) daro remufananidzo, (b) simba relenzi.
Kukurukurirana
Sisitimu yelenzi yeziso inoshanda kudzoreredza nekutarisa mwaranzi yechiedza inopinda muziso. Kana cornea yataurwa chete, fungidzira kuti cornea chete ndiyo inodzora mwaranzi yechiedza. Cornea inoshanda se lenzi ine convex kana lenzi ine convex. lenzi inoungana iyo inotarisa chiedza kune imwe nzvimbo.
Zvinozivikanwa :
Kureba kwemaziso (f) = kureba pakati pe cornea ne retina = +2,5 cm (yakanaka nekuti igirazi rakatenderedza maziso).
Kureba kwechinhu (s) = kusaguma
Akabvunzwa : chinhambwe chemufananidzo (s')
Jawab :
(a) daro remumvuri
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
Tsananguro: f = kureba kwefocal, s = daro rechinhu, s' = daro remufananidzo
1/s' = 1/f – 1/s = 1 / 2,5 – 1 / ~ = 1 / 2,5 – 0
1/s' = 1 / 2,5
s' = 2,5 cm = 0,025 mamita
Kana daro (s) rechinhu risina muganho saka daro remufananidzo (s') = urefu hwefocal (f).
(b) simba kana simba relenzi (P)
P = 1/f = 1/ 0,025 metres = 40 diopters
2. Munhu ane maziso akajairwa anoona chinhu chiri pedyo, apo nzvimbo iri pedyo neziso rakajairwa iri 25 cm. Daro remufananidzo rakafanana nedaro riri pakati pe cornea ne retina, kureva 2,5 cm. Sarudza (a) kureba kwefocal, (b) simba re lenzi.
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Kureba kwechinhu = 25 cm
Kureba kwemufananidzo (s') = 2,5 cm (mufananidzo unofanirwa kunge uri pa retina kuti chinhu chionekwe zvakajeka. Enzanisa nehurukuro yemubvunzo nhamba 1)
Jawab :
(a) kureba kwenzvimbo (f)
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/f = 1/25 + 1/2,5 = 1/25 + 10/25 = 11/25
f = 2,27 cm = 0,0227 mamita
Kureba kwefocal kuri nani nekuti igirazi rakatenderedza kana kuti rinoungana. Kureba kwemufananidzo kwakakura nepo kureba kwefocal kuri kudiki. Musiyano uripo pakati pedaro remufananidzo nerefocal = kureba kuri pakati pefocal nerefocal = 2,5 cm - 2,27 cm = 0,23 cm.
(b) simba regirazi (P)
P = 1/f = 1/ 0,0227 = 44 Diopters
Mhedziso:
Zvichibva pakukurukurirana kwemibvunzo 1 ne2, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti:
– Musiyano wehurefu hwefocal kana ziso richiona chinhu chiri kure (kure) uye chinhambwe che25 cm (pedyo nepedyo) i2,5 cm – 2,27 cm = 0,23 cm = 0,0023 metres.
– Musiyano wesimba relenzi, iro rinonziwo simba relenzi yeziso pakutarisa chinhu chiri kure (kure) uye kure kwemasendimita makumi maviri nemashanu (pedyo) i44 D – 40 D = 4 Diopters.
Mibvunzo nezve Optical Instruments
1. Munhu ane maziso akajairwa anoona chinhu chiri kure nemamita makumi mashanu kubva paziso. Kana daro riri pakati pe cornea ne retina riri 2,5 cm, sarudza (a) kureba kwefocal system ye lens yeziso, (b) simba re system ye lens yeziso.
Kiyi yemhinduro:
a = 2,499 cm
b = 40,016 diopters
2. Munhu ane maziso akajairwa anochinja maziso ake kubva pachinhu chiri kure nemamita zana kuenda kuchinhu chiri kure nemamita imwe. Daro riri pakati pe cornea ne retina i 2,5 cm. Verenga (a) shanduko muhurefu hwe focal system ye eye lens, (b) shanduko musimba re eye lens system.
Kiyi yemhinduro:
a = 0,06 cm
b = 1 diopters
