Basa reAnthropology muKubudirira Kunogara Kwakagadzikana
Pendauluan
Budiriro inoenderera mberi ipfungwa inotsvaga kugadzirisa zvinodiwa nenzanga yanhasi pasina kukanganisa kugona kwezvizvarwa zvinotevera kusangana nezvinodiwa zvavo. Pfungwa iyi inosanganisira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira hupfumi, zvakatipoteredza, uye magariro evanhu. Kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvebudiriro inoenderera mberi kunoda nzira yakazara uye inosanganisa zvikoro zvakasiyana-siyana. Imwe dzidziso inobatsira zvikuru ianthropology. Sekudzidza kwevanhu, tsika, uye nharaunda yechisikigo, anthropology inopa maonero akasiyana uye akakosha mukugadzira mhinduro dzinogara kwenguva refu dzinogamuchirwa nenharaunda dzemunharaunda.
Nhanganyaya kuAnthropology
Anthropology inyanzvi inodzidza vanhu mumativi akasiyana-siyana, kubva munhoroondo nemutauro kusvika kutsika. Nenzira yayo yakazara, anthropology inobudirira mukunzwisisa mamiriro akaomarara emagariro evanhu netsika. Nzira iyi inobvumira vanoongorora anthropology kuti vaongorore kuti vanhu vanobatana sei nenzvimbo dzavanogara uye kuti maitiro aya anogona sei kubatsirwa kutsigira budiriro inoenderera mberi.
Anthropology ine mapazi makuru akati wandei, anosanganisira anthropology yetsika, anthropology yepanyama, archaeology, uye anthropology yemitauro. Pakati pemapazi aya, anthropology yetsika inonyanya kukosha mukusimudzira magariro nekuda kwekutarisa kwayo pakuchinja kwetsika dzevanhu mukutarisana nematambudziko ezvakatipoteredza nemagariro evanhu.
Kunzwisisa Nharaunda Dzemunharaunda
Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinopihwa neanthropology mukusimudzira magariro evanhu ndiko kugona kwayo kunzwisisa nharaunda dzemunharaunda mukati metsika dzavo. Mapurojekiti ekuvandudza asingatarise tsika, zvitendero, uye tsika dzenzanga dzenharaunda yavanoda anowanzokundikana. Nyanzvi dzeanthropology dzinoita zvidzidzo zvakadzama mumunda kuburikidza nekutarisa vatori vechikamu uye kubvunzurudza kwakadzama kuti dzinzwisise zviri nani kuti nharaunda dzemunharaunda dzinoona sei nyika, kuti dzinoshanda sei nenzvimbo yadzo, uye zvavanokoshesa.
Ruzivo urwu runogona kushandiswa kugadzira mapurogiramu ebudiriro anoshanda anoenderana nemamiriro enzvimbo. Semuenzaniso, mumapurojekiti ekuchengetedza nharaunda, nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinogona kuunza tsika dzechinyakare dziripo dzinoshanda mukuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, pane kuunza matekiniki matsva angave asina kukodzera mamiriro enzvimbo.
Kutaurirana uye Kutora Chikamu Chenharaunda
Nzira dzekubatsirana mukusimudzira budiriro dzinosimbisa kukosha kwekubatanidza nharaunda muchikamu chega chega chebudiriro, kubva pakuronga kusvika pakuitwa kwayo nekuongorora. Anthropology inoita basa rakakosha mukuita kuti kutaurirana kubudirire pakati pevanoita mapurojekiti nenharaunda dzemunharaunda kuve nyore. Nekunzwisisa mitemo yekutaurirana iripo uye kugadzira nzira dzakavakirwa pazvitendero nemaitiro emunharaunda, nyanzvi dzeanthropology dzinogona kubatsira kudzikamisa musiyano uripo pakati pemapato maviri aya.
Kubatanidzwa kwevanhu vose uye kutora chikamu kwenharaunda mubudiriro inoenderera mberi zvinosimudzirawo pfungwa yekuti mapurojekiti ari kuenderera mberi ndeemuridzi wawo. Pfungwa iyi yekuti mapurojekiti ndeemuridzi wawo inogona kukurudzira nharaunda kuti dzive nechikamu chakakosha mukuchengetedza nekuchengetedza purojekiti, nokudaro zvichiwana mhedzisiro yakakura kwenguva refu.
Kuremekedza Kodzero Dzemunharaunda Neuchenjeri
Anthropology inosimbisa kukosha kwekuremekedza kodzero neuchenjeri hwenzvimbo mukusimudzira nharaunda. Kazhinji, nharaunda dzemuno, dzakagara murunyararo nezvisikwa kwemazana emakore, dzine ruzivo netsika dzinokosha pakuchengetedza nharaunda. Nzira yekudzidzisa vanhu inogona kubatsira kuona nekubatanidza huchenjeri hwenzvimbo iyi muzvirongwa zvekusimudzira.
Semuenzaniso, mukutarisira zviwanikwa zvechisikigo, nharaunda dzemuno dzinowanzova nehurongwa hwekuchengetedza ivhu, mvura, nemasango hwakasimba. Nzira inosanganisa maitiro aya echinyakare netekinoroji yemazuva ano neruzivo rwesainzi inogona kuburitsa mhinduro dzinoshanda uye dzinogara kwenguva refu.
Kutsvaga nekuongorora mapurojekiti
Nyanzvi dzezvevanhu dzakadzidziswa kuita tsvakurudzo yakadzama yemhando yepamusoro, hunyanzvi hunokosha mukuongorora mapurojekiti ebudiriro inoenderera mberi. Nzira dzakadai sekubvunzurudza kwakadzama, kutarisa kwevatori vechikamu, uye kuongorora nyaya dzinobvumira nyanzvi dzezvevanhu kuunganidza ruzivo rwakapfuma uye kupa ruzivo rwakadzama rwekuti chirongwa chinokanganisa sei nharaunda.
Maitiro aya akakosha pakuongorora mapurojekiti ebudiriro kwenguva refu. Kunze kwekungotarisa mhedzisiro yekukurumidza, anthropology inobatsira kunzwisisa zvakanakira magariro evanhu netsika, kusanganisira shanduko musimba, maitiro ekurarama, uye masisitimu etsika dzenharaunda. Ruzivo urwu runokosha pakugadzirisa nekugadzirisa mapurojekiti kuti asvike zvirinani zvinodiwa nenharaunda uye kuti ashande zvakanyanya kwenguva refu.
Matambudziko mukubatanidza Anthropology neSustainable Development
Kunyange zvazvo dzidzo yevanhu iine mipiro yakawanda inokosha, kunewo matambudziko akati wandei mukubatanidza nzira dzedzidzo yevanhu mumapurojekiti ebudiriro inochengetedza magariro. Chimwe chezvinetso zvikuru kutaurirana nekunzwisisana pakati pemakirasi akasiyana-siyana nevanobatanidzwa.
Vane chekuita nemabasa akadai sehurumende, vanopa mari, nemasangano asiri ehurumende vanowanzoshaya kunzwisisa kuti ruzivo rwevanhu nekuongorora zvingashandiswa sei. Kuti vagadzirise dambudziko iri, zvakakosha kuti vanoongorora vanhu vagadzire mishumo nemazano akajeka uye anoshanda, uye kuti vataure nemutauro unonzwisisika kune vese vanobatanidzwa.
Rimwe dambudziko nderenyaya dzetsika. Nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinowanzo fanira kutarisana nedambudziko rekubatanidza nharaunda dzemuno muzvirongwa zvebudiriro uye kumanikidzwa nevamwe vane chekuita nazvo kuti vawane mhedzisiro munguva pfupi. Kuchengetedza kuenzana uku kunoda hunyanzvi, kutsungirira, uye kazhinji kubvumirana.
Mhedziso
Kudzidza nezvevanhu kunoita basa guru mukusimudzira magariro evanhu. Kuburikidza nekunzwisisa kwakadzama tsika nemagariro evanhu, kudzidza nezvevanhu kunogona kubatsira kugadzira nzira dzekusimudzira dzakakodzera uye dzinoshanda, kuona kuti nharaunda inobatanidzwa zvakanyanya, uye kukoshesa nekushandisa ruzivo rwakakosha rwemunharaunda. Kunyange hazvo paine matambudziko ekubatanidza, mabhenefiti anowanikwa nenzira yekudzidza nezvevanhu anokosha. Nokudaro, kubatanidza maonero evanhu mumapurojekiti ekusimudzira magariro evanhu kunofanira kuva chinhu chakakosha kuti zvinangwa zvekusimudzira zvive zvakaenzana, zvinosanganisirwa vanhu vose, uye zvinobudirira.
