Anthropology yepamhepo uye Kudzidza kweNharaunda dzepamhepo
Mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, kufambira mberi muruzivo neruzivo rwekutaurirana kwakachinja nzira yatinotaurirana uye yatinotaurirana nayo. Chimwe chezvinokonzeresa shanduko iyi kubuda kwenharaunda dzepamhepo dzinopa nzvimbo dzekugovana, kukurukura, uye kuvaka hukama hwevanhu, kunyangwe munyika yepamhepo. Izvi zvinopa mikana nematambudziko mumunda weanthropology, kunyanya mukunzwisisa hupenyu hwevanhu munharaunda yedhijitari. Virtual anthropology ibazi idzva rekudzidza nezveanthropology rinotarisa pakutsvaga nekunzwisisa nharaunda dzepamhepo uye kuti dzinoratidza sei tsika dzemagariro, tsika, uye hunhu.
Anthropology: Kubva Munyika Yechokwadi Kuenda Kunyika Yechokwadi
Kare, kudzidza nezvevanhu kwave kuri kudzidza nezvevanhu, tsika, uye nzanga muhupenyu chaihwo. Vanodzidza nezvevanhu vanoongorora zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehupenyu hwevanhu, kubva pamitambo nehukama hwevanhu kusvika kutsika dzezvitendero. Vanowanzoita basa remumunda rinoda kutaurirana zvakananga nevanhu vavanodzidzisa. Zvisinei, nekuuya kweinternet nesocial networks online, pfungwa ye "field" mukudzidza nezvevanhu yakatanga kuchinja.
Kudzidza nezvevanhu kuburikidza neindaneti kunovhura nzira yekuti vaongorori vaongorore nharaunda dzepamhepo senzvimbo itsva. Munyaya iyi, vanodzidza nezvevanhu vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutsvagisa, dzakadai sekuongorora nharaunda kuburikidza neindaneti, kuti vaone, vataurirane, uye vanzwisise mashandiro ari munharaunda dzedhijitari.
Maitiro muVirtual Anthropology
Maitiro ekushandisa mukudzidza nezve anthropology achishandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dziripo kubva kudzidzo yetsika asi dzinodzishandisa mukudzidza nezve digital. Dzimwe dzenzira huru dzinoshandiswa dzinosanganisira:
1. Kuongororwa kweEthnography: Kuongororwa kweEthnography nenzira yekutsvagisa kunobvumira vanoongorora vanhu kuti vaongorore vatori vechikamu munharaunda dzepamhepo. Mukuita, vaongorori vanogona kutora chikamu muhurukuro dzepaforamu, kudzidza hurukuro dzakachengetwa, uye kunyange kubvunzurudza nhengo dzenharaunda kuburikidza nekukurukurirana kana kufona kwevhidhiyo.
2. Netnography: Netnography, kana kuti Ethnography yeInternet, imwe nzira inotarisa pakudzidza maitiro, kudyidzana, uye tsika dzakagadzirwa munzvimbo dzepaindaneti. Iyi nzira inowanzo shandisa ongororo yezviri mukati kuti inzwisise kuti mashoko nenhau zvinoumbwa sei uye zvinogamuchirwa sei munharaunda dzepaindaneti.
3. Kuongororwa kweSocial Network: Kuongororwa kwesocial network kunoshandiswa kuronga nekunzwisisa hukama huripo pakati pevanhu vemunharaunda yepamhepo. Nzira iyi inogona kubatsira vaongorori kuona chimiro chemagariro evanhu, kuona vanhu vakakosha, uye maitiro ekudyidzana mukati menetwork.
4. Kubvunzurudza Pamhepo: Nzira iyi inosanganisira kubvunzurudza kunoitwa kuburikidza nemaforamu epamhepo, mapuratifomu ekukurukurirana, kana mafoni evhidhiyo. Kubvunzurudza uku kunogona kupa ruzivo rwakadzama nezvezviitiko nemaonero evanhu vemunharaunda.
Chidzidzo Chenyaya: Nharaunda Yevatambi Vepamhepo
Imwe nharaunda yepamhepo inowanzo dzidzwa muzvidzidzo zveanthropology yepamhepo inharaunda yemitambo. Nzvimbo dzemitambo yepamhepo dzinopa muenzaniso wakapfuma wekuti kuzivikanwa netsika zvinoumbwa sei mumamiriro edhijitari. Nzvimbo idzi dzine tsika dzakasiyana, tsika, uye hunhu hwevanhu.
Nzvimbo zhinji dzemitambo dzakaumbwa dzichienderana nemitambo chaiyo, yakadai se "World of Warcraft" kana kuti "League of Legends." Vatambi vanowanzo shandisa mazita ekunyepedzera uye vanogadzira mazita epamhepo ayo dzimwe nguva anosiyana zvakanyanya nemazita avo chaiwo. Izvi zvave chinhu chinonakidza kune vanoongorora nezvevanhu vepamhepo mukunzwisisa pfungwa yehunhu hwedhijitari.
Zvidzidzo zvenharaunda dzemitambo yepamhepo zvinoratidzawo kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sekuti murume kana mukadzi, rudzi, uye chinzvimbo munharaunda zvinoongororwa uye zvinonzwisiswa sei munzvimbo dzedhijitari. Semuenzaniso, zvidzidzo zvakati wandei zvakaratidza kuti mamiriro epabonde anobuda sei munharaunda dzemitambo, nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ekusarura anotarisana nevatambi vechikadzi.
Kuzivikanwa uye Kumiririrwa muCyberspace
Imwe yenyaya huru mu virtual anthropology ndeyekuti hunhu hunoumbwa uye hunomiririrwa sei mu cyberspace. Hunhu hwedhijitari hunowanzo shanduka-shanduka uye hune mativi akawanda, zvichibvumira vanhu kuti vaongorore uye vataure zvavanofunga nenzira dzisingagoneki nguva dzose munyika yepanyama.
Midhiya yemagariro evanhu, maforamu ehurukuro, uye mapuratifomu emitambo anopa mukana wekuti vanhu vagadzire hunhu hwedhijitari. Vamwe vanogona kusarudza kuratidza hunhu hwavo chaihwo, nepo vamwe vangasarudza kuyedza hunhu hwakasiyana zvachose.
Kugadzirwa uku kwehunhu hwedhijitari kunosanganisira zvinhu zvakaita semazita evashandisi, maavatar, uye zvirimo zvinogovaniswa. Sarudzo idzi dzinowanzo ratidza zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuzivikanwa kwemunhu, zvakaita sekuti murume kana mukadzi, zvinhu zvinomufadza, uye zvaanotenda.
Basa reManzwiro neNharaunda
Nzvimbo dzepaindaneti hadzisi nzvimbo yekugovana ruzivo chete, asiwo nzvimbo yekugovana manzwiro. Muzvidzidzo zvenharaunda dzepaindaneti, manzwiro anowanzoonekwa muchimiro chekutsigirana, kubatana, uye zvimwe zvinobatanidzwa pamanzwiro.
Semuenzaniso, munharaunda dzekutsigirana paindaneti, nhengo dzinowanzo goverana ruzivo uye dzinopa rutsigiro rwemanzwiro kune mumwe nemumwe. Nzvimbo idzi dzinogona kupa pfungwa yakadzika yekubatana uye kubatana, kunyangwe nhengo dzingasambosangana chiso nechiso.
Matambudziko muVirtual Anthropology
Pasinei nemikana yakawanda, ruzivo rwevanhu rwuri paindaneti runosanganawo nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Dambudziko guru inyaya dzetsika, kunyanya idzo dzine chekuita nekuchengetedzwa kweruzivo uye mvumo. Kuunganidza ruzivo munharaunda dzepamhepo kunowanzo sanganisira kuona kutaurirana kwakavanzika kana kwakavanzika, saka vaongorori vanofanirwa kungwarira kuona kuti kodzero dzekuchengetedzwa kweruzivo dzevanhu nemapoka dzinoremekedzwa.
Uyezve, kuvimbika kwedata idambudzikowo. Kutaurirana paindaneti kunogona kusazivikanwa kana kushandisa mazita ekunyepedzera, izvo dzimwe nguva zvinoita kuti zviomere vaongorori kusimbisa hunhu hwenhengo dzenharaunda.
Mhedziso
Kudzidza nezvevanhu vari paindaneti inyaya iri kukura nekukurumidza, sezvo tekinoroji neinternet zvichiramba zvichichinja. Kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutsvagisa dzakadai sekuongorora tsika dzevanhu vari paindaneti, kuongorora magariro evanhu, uye kuongorora magariro evanhu, nyanzvi dzezvevanhu dzinogona kuongorora nekunzwisisa mashandiro enharaunda dziri paindaneti. Kudzidza nezvenharaunda dziri paindaneti kunobatsira kuona kuti hunhu netsika zvinoumbwa sei mumamiriro edhijitari, uye kuti manzwiro nehukama hwevanhu zvinoshandurwa sei munzvimbo dziri paindaneti.
Kunyangwe takatarisana nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana, tsvakiridzo mundima iyi ine mukana wekupa ruzivo rwakadzama muhupenyu hwevanhu munguva yedhijitari. Saka, ruzivo rwevanhu rwepaindaneti harungowedzere ruzivo rwekudzidza nezvevanhu chete asiwo runotibatsira kunzwisisa kuti tekinoroji iri kuchinja sei mararamiro edu, mashandisirwo edu, uye maumbirwo edu.
