Nkhani za fizikisi zokhudza zochitika zachilengedwe ndi zina zotero zokhudzana ndi fizikisi.
Zitsanzo 7 za mafunso okhudza mphamvu ya capacitor ya mbale yofanana
1. Capacitor ya mbale yofanana yokhala ndi mphamvu ya C ili ndi vacuum permittivity ya εo, dera lopingasa A ndi mtunda pakati pa mbale d. Ngati dera lopingasa la capacitor lawonjezeka kufika nthawi 4, mtunda pakati pa mbale umakhala 2d ndipo vacuum permittivity imakhala 5εo,maka mphamvu ya capacitor ya mbale yofanana imasanduka…
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Zitsanzo 9 za mavuto a injini yotenthetsera (kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo lachiwiri la thermodynamics)
1. Mu nthawi imodzi, injini imayamwa ma Joules 3000 a kutentha kuchokera ku malo osungira kutentha kwambiri ndipo imakana ma Joules 1000 a kutentha kupita ku malo osungira kutentha kochepa. Dziwani momwe injini yotenthetsera imagwirira ntchito!
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Injini yotenthetsera Mawu oti "carnot" m'mafunso omwe ali patsamba lino si ofanana ndi injini ya Carnot. Injini ya Carnot ndi injini yoyenera yotenthetsera ndipo imapezeka m'malingaliro okha. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, injini yotenthetsera yomwe yatchulidwa mu funsoli ndi injini yeniyeni yotenthetsera, osati injini yotenthetsera yongopeka (injini ya Carnot).
11 Zitsanzo za mafunso okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo loyamba la thermodynamics pa njira zosiyanasiyana za thermodynamic (isobaric, isothermal, isochoric)
1. Chithunzi chili pansipa chikuwonetsa kayendedwe ka thermodynamic komwe kumachitika ndi mpweya. Ntchito yomwe mpweya umagwira ntchito ABCD ndi…
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Ndizodziwika kuti :
Kupanikizika 1 (P)1) = 2 x 105 Pa
Kupanikizika 2 (P)2) = 4 x 105 Pa
Voliyumu 1 (V)1) = 1 m3
Voliyumu 2 (V)2) = 3 m3
Anafunsa Ntchito yomwe mpweya umachita mu ndondomeko ya ABCD cycle
Yankhani :
Ntchito yochitidwa ndi mpweya = dera la rectangle ABCD.
W = (P)2 - P1)(V2 - V1)
W = (4 x 105 - 2 x 105)(3 – 1)
W = (2 x 105) (2)
W = 4 x 105 Joule
Ntchito yomwe mpweya umachita mu ndondomeko ya ABCD cycle ndi 4 x 105 Joule.
3 Zitsanzo za mafunso okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo loyamba la thermodynamics mu njira za isochoric (voliyumu yokhazikika)
1. Chithunzi cha kupanikizika (P) motsutsana ndi voliyumu (V) ya mpweya womwe ukudutsa mu njira ya isochoric. Ntchito yomwe mpweyawo umagwira mu ndondomeko ya AB ndi…
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Njira AB = njira ya isochoric (voliyumu yosasinthasintha). Pa voliyumu ya isochoric, voliyumu ya mpweya (ndi voliyumu ya malo) sikusintha kotero palibe ntchito yomwe imachitika ndi mpweyawo.
2. Ma mole atatu a mpweya wa monatomic pa kutentha kwa 47 o C ndi kupanikizika kwa 2 x 10 5 Pascal amadutsa mu njira ya isochoric mpaka kupanikizika kukukwera kufika pa 3 x 10 5 Pascal. Kusintha kwa mphamvu yamkati ya mpweya ndi… Universal gas constant (R) = 8,315 J/mol.K
Zitsanzo 5 za kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo loyamba la thermodynamics pa njira za isothermal (kutentha kosalekeza)
1. Chithunzi chili pansipa chikuwonetsa mpweya wabwino kwambiri womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito njira ya isothermal (njira). Ntchito yomwe yachitika ndi mpweya womwe ukuchitika mu AB ndi…
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Ntchito yachitika = dera lomwe lili pansi pa curve AB = dera la triangle + dera la rectangle
W = [½ (8 x 10)5–4 x 105)(3-1)] + [4 x 105 (3-1)]
W = [½ (4 x 10)5)(2)] + [4 x 105 (2)]
W = [4 x 105] + [8 x 105]
W = 12 x 105 Joule
Zitsanzo 6 za mafunso okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo loyamba la thermodynamics pa njira za isobaric (kupanikizika kosalekeza)
1. Kupanikizika (P) - graph ya voliyumu (V) ya mpweya womwe ukudutsa mu njira ya isobaric. Ntchito yomwe mpweyawo ukugwira ntchito mu ndondomeko ya AB ndi…
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Ndizodziwika kuti :
Kupanikizika (P) = 5 x 105 N / m2
Voliyumu yoyamba (V)1) = 2 m3
Voliyumu yomaliza (V)2) = 6 m3
Anafunsa : ntchito yomwe yachitika mu ndondomeko AB
Zitsanzo zitatu za mafunso okhudza lamulo loyamba la thermodynamics
1. Ma Joules 3000 a kutentha amawonjezedwa ku dongosolo, ndipo dongosololi limagwira ntchito ma Joules 2500 pa malo ozungulira. Kusintha kwa mphamvu yamkati mwa dongosololi ndi…
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Ndizodziwika kuti :
Kutentha (Q) = +3000 Joules
Ntchito (W) = +2500 Joules
Anafunsa : kusintha kwa mphamvu zamkati
Yankhani :
Zitsanzo 19 za Chiphunzitso cha Kinetic cha Mpweya
1. Mpweya wabwino kwambiri mu chidebe chotsekedwa poyamba umakhala ndi mphamvu ya P ndi voliyumu V. Ngati mphamvu ya mpweya yawonjezeka kufika ku nthawi 4 kuposa yoyamba ndipo mphamvu ya mpweya imakhalabe yofanana, chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yoyamba ya kinetic ndi mphamvu yomaliza ya kinetic ya mpweya ndi...
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Ndizodziwika kuti :
Kupanikizika koyamba (P)1) = P
Kupanikizika komaliza (P)2) = 4P
Voliyumu yoyamba (V)1) = V
Voliyumu yomaliza (V)2) = V
Zitsanzo 18 za Mafunso Abwino a Malamulo a Gasi
1. Mpweya wabwino kwambiri m'malo umakhala ndi voliyumu V ndi kutentha T poyamba. Ngati mpweya watenthedwa kotero kuti kutentha kumasintha kufika pa 5/4 T ndipo kuthamanga kumasintha kufika pa 2P ndiye kuti voliyumu ya mpweya imasintha kufika pa...
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Ndizodziwika kuti :
Voliyumu yoyamba (V)1) = V
Kutentha koyambirira (T)1) = T
Kutentha komaliza (T)2) = 5/4 T
Kupanikizika koyamba (P)1) = P
Kupanikizika komaliza (P)2) = 2P
Anafunsa : Voliyumu yomaliza (V)2)
Zitsanzo zitatu za lamulo la Gay-Lussac (voliyumu yosasinthasintha ya isochoric)
1. Mipweya yambiri poyamba imakhala ndi mphamvu ya P ndi kutentha kwa T. Ngati mpweyawo udutsa mu njira ya isochoric kotero kuti mphamvu yake imakhala yowirikiza kanayi kuposa mphamvu yoyambirira, ndiye kuti kutentha kwa mpweyawo kumasintha kukhala...
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Ndizodziwika kuti :
Kupanikizika koyamba (P)1) = P
Kupanikizika komaliza (P)2) = 4P
Kutentha koyambirira (T)1) = T
Anafunsa kutentha komaliza (T)2)