Chitsanzo cha kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo loyamba la thermodynamics pa njira ya isochoric (voliyumu yokhazikika)

3 Zitsanzo za mafunso okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo loyamba la thermodynamics mu njira za isochoric (voliyumu yokhazikika)

1. Chithunzi cha kupanikizika (P) motsutsana ndi voliyumu (V) ya mpweya womwe ukudutsa mu njira ya isochoric. Ntchito yomwe mpweyawo umagwira mu ndondomeko ya AB ndi…

Zokambirana
Njira AB = njira ya isochoric (voliyumu yosasinthasintha). Pa voliyumu ya isochoric, voliyumu ya mpweya (ndi voliyumu ya malo) sikusintha kotero palibe ntchito yomwe imachitika ndi mpweyawo.

2. Ma mole atatu a mpweya wa monatomic pa kutentha kwa madigiri 47^oC ndi kupanikizika 2 x 10⁵ Pascal amadutsa mu njira ya isochoric mpaka kupanikizika kukukwera kufika pa 3 x 10⁵ Pascal. Kusintha kwa mphamvu yamkati mwa mpweya ndi… Universal gas constant (R) = 8,315 J/mol.K
Zokambirana
Ndizodziwika kuti :
Kutentha koyambirira (T)₁= = 47^oC + 273 = 320 K
Kupanikizika koyamba (P)₁) = 2 x 10⁵ Pa
Kupanikizika komaliza (P)₂) = 3 x 10⁵ Pa
Mpweya wosasinthika wa Universal (R) = 8,315 J/mol.K
Chiwerengero cha ma moles (n) = 3
Anafunsa Kusintha kwa mphamvu mu mpweya
Yankhani :
Mu njira ya isochoric, voliyumu imakhalabe yofanana kotero palibe ntchito yomwe imachitika ndi mpweya (W = 0).
Lamulo Loyamba la Thermodynamics :
Kutengera ndi momwe fomula iyi idayambira, zatsimikiziridwa kuti mu njira ya isochoric, kutentha komwe kumawonjezeredwa ku dongosolo (Q) kumapangitsa kuti mphamvu yamkati ya dongosolo (U) ichuluke. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kutentha komwe kumatulutsidwa ndi dongosolo kumapangitsa kuti mphamvu yamkati ya dongosolo ichepe. Kodi kusintha kwa mphamvu yamkati ya mpweya ndi kotani? Kusintha kwa mphamvu yamkati ya mpweya kumawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito fomula yamkati ya mphamvu yomwe ili pansipa.
Mphamvu mu mpweya :
Kuti muwerengere kusintha kwa mphamvu yamkati, kutentha komaliza (T) kuyenera kudziwika.₂). Werengani T₂ pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya Gay-Lussac.
Lamulo la Gay-Lussac (losasinthasintha/losasinthasintha) :
Werengerani kusintha kwa mphamvu mu mpweya:
Kusintha kwa mphamvu yamkati mwa mpweya ndi 5986,8 Joules.

3. Ma moles 0,2 a mpweya wa monatomic pa kutentha kwa madigiri 27^oC ili mu chotengera chotsekedwa. Kutentha komwe kuyenera kuyamwa kuti kutentha kwa mpweya kuwonjezere kufika pa 400 K ndi… Universal gas constant (R) = 8,315 J/mol.K
Zokambirana
Ndizodziwika kuti :
Chiwerengero cha ma moles (n) = 0,2 mol
Kutentha koyambirira (T)₁= = 27^oC + 273 = 300 K
Kutentha komaliza (T)₂) = 400 K
Mpweya wosasinthika wa Universal (R) = 8,315 J/mol.K
Anafunsa : Kutentha kumayamwa (Q)
Yankhani :
Mu njira ya isochoric, voliyumu imakhalabe yofanana kotero palibe ntchito yomwe imachitika ndi mpweya (W = 0).
Lamulo Loyamba la Thermodynamics :
Kutentha komwe kumayamwa (Q) = kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu yamkati ya mpweya (U). Kusintha kwa mphamvu yamkati ya mpweya kumawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yamkati ya mphamvu yomwe ili pansipa.
Mphamvu mu mpweya :
Kutentha komwe kumatengedwa ndi mpweya = kusintha kwa mphamvu yamkati = 249,45 Joules.