Ariā Pūtahi: He Tūhuratanga Hōhonu
He ariā nui te Ariā Pūtahi i roto i te rangahau i te whenua tāone me te whakamahere rohe, i whakatakotoria tuatahitia e te tohunga hapori a Ernest W. Burgess i te tau 1925. E aro ana tēnei ariā ki ngā tauira whakamahinga whenua me te whanaketanga o ngā tāone, e ahu mai ana i te horopaki o te Tāone o Chicago i te tīmatanga o te rautau 20. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka ruku hohonu tātou ki ngā takenga mai, ngā tono, ngā whakahē, me te hiranga o tēnei ariā i roto i te horopaki o te noho tāone hou.
1. Ngā Pūtake o te Ariā Pūtahi
I whakawhanakehia e Ernest Burgess te Ariā Porohita hei wāhanga o te Kura Hapori o te Whare Wānanga o Chicago. I taua wā, i tere te tipu o Chicago nā te ahumahi, i kukume mai ai i te hekenga nui, ā, i tere ai te hurihanga o te whakamahinga whenua me te hanganga pāpori-ōhanga o te tāone. I kite a Burgess i te whanaketanga o ngā tāone i roto i te raupapa o ngā rohe porohita e toro atu ana ki waho o te pokapū o te tāone.
2. Ngā Ariā Taketake o te Ariā Pūtahi
E whakaahua ana te Ariā Pokapū i tētahi tāone hei porowhita pokapū motuhake, he mahi me te āhua motuhake tō ia porowhita. Anei tētahi whakamārama poto mō ia rohe i roto i te ariā taketake a Burgess:
– Rohe 1 – Rohe Pakihi Matua (CBD): Koinei te pokapū o te tāone, te pokapū o ngā mahi arumoni me ngā mahi pakihi. Ko tēnei rohe te rohe tino kikī, he maha ngā whare teitei me ngā mahi ōhanga nui.
– Rohe 2 – Rohe Whakawhiti: Kei te taha o te CBD, ko tēnei rohe he maha ngā wheketere ahumahi me ngā whare noho o te hunga mahi, he maha ngā wā kei roto i te āhua kino. He kāinga hoki tēnei mō ngā manene hou e tae mai ana ki te tāone.
– Rohe 3 – Rohe Whare Kaimahi: Koinei te wāhi noho mō ngā kaimahi kua roa ake te noho i tērā o mua. Ko te tikanga he maha ngā whare kua pai ake te tiaki i tēnei rohe.
– Rohe 4 – Rohe Noho o te Akomanga Waenga: He rohe kei tawhiti atu i te pokapū o te ao, e nohoia ana tēnei rohe e ngā whānau o te akomanga waenga, ā, he pai ake ā rātou whare me te taiao.
– Rohe 5 – Kaihaereere: Koinei te rohe o waho rawa atu e nui ana ngā whare papai, he ngāwari te haere ki te tāone, engari he taiao marino tonu kei te tāone.
3. Te Whakamahinga o te Ariā Pūtahi
Kua noho tēnei ariā hei tauira taketake mō te whakamahere tāone me te tātari whenua ā-wāhi. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia tēnei tauira e ngā kaiwhakamahere me ngā tohunga whenua hei tohutoro mō te mārama ki te tipu o te tāone me ngā whanaketanga pāpori-ōhanga. Ko tētahi whakamahinga mahi o tēnei ariā ko te whakamahere ā-wāhi, e ngana ana ki te matapae i te tipu me te āwhina i te whakamahere i ngā hanganga tāone pēnei i te kawe waka, te hauora, me te mātauranga.
4. Te Arotake i te Ariā Pūtahi
Ahakoa he anga whai hua te ariā porowhita, he maha ngā whakahē kua ara ake:
– Te Ao Whānui: I ahu mai tēnei ariā i ngā kitenga o te tāone o Chicago i te tīmatanga o te rautau 20, ā, kāore e whakaata tonu i te hanganga o ngā tāone i ētahi atu wāhanga o te ao me ngā horopaki hītori me ngā horopaki pāpori rerekē.
– Te Āhua Tūmau: E kiia ana te ariā a Burgess he tino tūmau, ā, kāore e taea te whakamārama katoa i ngā whanaketanga uaua ake o te whanaketanga tāone hou, tae atu ki te putanga mai o ngā rohe tāone nui me te whanaketanga kore-raina pērā i ngā tāone taha me te horapa o ngā tāone.
– Te Whakahāwea i te Whenua Tūturu: Kāore tēnei ariā e whai whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga whenua tūturu o te tāone, pērā i ngā awa, ngā maunga, me ētahi atu āhuatanga whenua ka pā ki te whanaketanga o te tāone.
5. Te Hiranga o te Noho Tāone Hou
He mea nui tonu te Ariā Pokapū i roto i ngā kōrero mō te noho tāone, ahakoa kua whakarerekētia, kua whakatikatikaina hoki. I tēnei ao hou, kua uaua haere ngā tauira whanaketanga tāone nā te whanaketanga hangarau, ngā āhuatanga pāpori-ōhanga, me ngā pēhanga taiao.
I roto i ngā au o te noho tāone i ēnei rā, ka kitea anō ētahi o ngā āhuatanga o te tauira porowhita, inā koa i roto i te horopaki o te whanaketanga o ngā pokapū pakihi hou me ngā whare noho tāone. Heoi, i roto i ngā whanaketanga pēnei i te kawe waka nui me ngā auahatanga hangarau, ka taea te whakawhānui ake i ngā whare noho me ngā wāhi mahi i roto i tētahi tauira kanorau ake i te tauira porowhita tuku iho.
6. Whakamutunga
Ahakoa ōna herenga, kei te noho tonu te Ariā Pūtahi a Burgess hei wāhanga nui o ngā rangahau whenua tāone. Mā te mārama ki tēnei tauira ka āwhina i ngā kaiwhakamahere tāone me ngā tohunga mātauranga ki te tautuhi i ngā tauira me te whakatinana i ngā kaupapa here ka taea te āwhina i te hanga i ngā tāone tauwhiro ake, ā, he pai ake hoki mō te taiao o te heke mai.
Ki ngā ākonga me ngā kairangahau, he mea nui kia whai whakaaro tonu ki te whanaketanga o tēnei ariā, kia whakatakotoria hoki ki roto i tētahi horopaki e tika ana mō ngā huringa o te wā. Mā tēnei, ka taea e tātou te whakarite pai ake ki te aro atu ki ngā wero o te noho tāone ā muri ake nei, me te pupuri tonu i te taurite i waenga i te tipu ōhanga, te hauora pāpori, me te oranga tonutanga o te taiao.
