Ngā Tātai GLB me GLBB: Ngā Ariā me ngā Whakamahinga Taketake
Ko te nekehanga rārangi ōrite (GLB) me te nekehanga rārangi tere ōrite (GLBB) he ariā matua e rua o te kinematics, he peka o te ahupūngao e ako ana i te nekehanga o ngā mea me te kore e aro ki ō rātou take. He mea nui te mārama ki ēnei ariā hei matatau i ngā mātāpono taketake o te ahupūngao me ōna whakamahinga mahi i roto i te oranga o ia rā.
Nekehanga Raina Taurite (GLB)
Ko te nekehanga rārangi ōrite ko te nekehanga o tētahi mea i runga i tētahi rārangi tika i te tere pumau. I roto i te nekehanga rārangi ōrite, he kore te whakaterenga o te mea nā te mea kāore te tere e rerekē.
Te Tātai Taketake o te GLB
Ko te tātai matua i roto i te GLB ko:
\[ s = v \cdot t \]
kāore i te mana:
– Ko te tawhiti i haerea (mita, m) ko \( s \),
– Ko te tere (mita ia hekona, m/s) te \( v \),
– Ko te wā (hēkona, s) ko te \( t \).
I te GLB, ka noho pūmau te tere o tētahi mea, ā, ko te kauwhata o te tere ki te wā he rārangi whakapae.
Ngā Tauira Taupānga GLB
Ko tētahi tauira māmā o te GLB he waka e neke ana i te tere pumau i runga i te huarahi tere. Hei tauira, ki te neke te waka i te tere o te 60 km/h (16,67 m/s rānei) mō ngā haora e 2, ko te tawhiti i haerea e te waka ko:
\[ s = v \cdot t = 16{,}67 \, \text{m/s} \times 7200 \, \text{s} = 120{,}024 \, \text{m} \]
tata ki te 120 kiromita rānei.
Nekehanga Raina Whakatere Taurite (GLBB)
Ko te nekehanga raina tere-taurite te nekehanga o tētahi mea i roto i tētahi rārangi tika me te whakaterenga pumau. I roto i te nekehanga raina tere-taurite, ka rerekē te tere o te mea i roto i te wā nā te whakaterenga.
Te Tātai Taketake mō te GLBB
He maha ngā tātai nui i roto i te GLBB, arā:
1. Tātai Tere:
\[ v = v_0 + a \cdot t \]
kāore i te mana:
– Ko te tere whakamutunga (m/s) te \( v \),
– Ko te tere tīmatanga (m/s) te v_0,
– Ko te whakaterenga (m/s²) te \( a \),
– Ko te wā (s) ko te \( t \).
2. Tātai Tawhiti:
\[ s = v_0 \cdot t + \frac{1}{2} a \cdot t^2 \]
kāore i te mana:
– Ko te tawhiti i haerea (m) ko \( s \).
3. Tātai Tere me te Tawhiti:
\[ v^2 = v_0^2 + 2 a \cdot s \]
Tauira o te Tono GLBB
Ko tētahi tauira noa o te GLBB ko tētahi mea e taka noa ana i raro i te mana o te kaha ā-papa. Hei tauira, ki te taka tētahi pōro mai i tētahi teitei kāore he tere tīmatanga, ko te whakaterenga e pā ana ki te pōro ko te whakaterenga nā te kaha ā-papa (9,8 m/s²). Ki te taka te pōro mō te 3 hēkona, ko tōna tere whakamutunga ko:
\[ v = 0 + (9{,}8 \, \text{m/s}^2 \times 3 \, \text{s}) = 29{,}4 \, \text{m/s} \]
Ko te tawhiti i haerea e te pōro i roto i te 3 hēkona ko:
\[ s = 0 \cdot 3 \, \text{s} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 9{,}8 \, \text{m/s}^2 \cdot (3 \, \text{s})^2 = 44{,}1 \, \text{m} \]
Ngā Whakamahinga o te GLB me te GLBB i roto i te Oranga o ia Rā
GLB i roto i te Oranga o Ia Rā
1. Te kawe waka:
– He tauira o te GLB te motuka, te tereina rānei e tere haere ana i te tere pumau i runga i te huarahi tere, i te ara rerewē rānei. Mā te mārama ki te GLB ka āwhina i te tatau i ngā wā haere me te whakamahere i ngā haerenga.
2. Aunoatanga Ahumahi:
– Ko tētahi atu tauira o te GLB he whitiki kawe e neke ana i te tere pumau hei neke taonga i roto i te wheketere.
GLBB i roto i te Oranga o Ia Rā
1. Ngā Mea e Hinga Noa Ana:
– Ka pāngia te hua e taka ana i te rākau, e te taonga rānei e taka ana i te tēpu e te GLBB i raro i te mana o te kaha ā-papa. He mea nui te mārama ki tēnei ariā hei matapae i te wā me te tere o te takanga.
2. Ngā Waka e Whakateretere Ana, e Whakaiti Ana rānei i te Tere:
– Ina tere, ina pēhi rānei te motuka, te motopaika rānei, ka pāngia e te nekehanga tere ōrite. He mea nui tēnei mō te hoahoa pūnaha pēhi me te haumaru o te waka.
Te rerekētanga i waenga i te GLB me te GLBB
Ahakoa e neke tika ana a GLB me GLBB, he rerekētanga nui kei waenganui i a rāua:
- Tere:
– I te GLB, ka noho pūmau te tere, i te GLBB ia, ka huri auau te tere nā te whakaterenga.
– Te whakaterenga:
– I te GLB, he kore te whakaterenga, engari i te GLBB, he pumau te whakaterenga engari ehara i te mea kore.
– Te Tātai i Whakamahia:
– Ka whakamahia e GLB te tātai māmā \( s = v \cdot t \), ko GLBB ia ka whakamahi i tētahi tātai uaua ake e uru ana ki te tere tīmatanga, te whakaterenga, me te wā.
Ngā kauwhata GLB me GLBB
1. Kauwhata Tere me te Wā:
– GLB: He rārangi whakapae te kauwhata e whakaatu ana i te tere pumau.
– GLBB: He kauwhata kei te āhua o tētahi rārangi piki e whakaatu ana i te pikinga, te hekenga rānei o te tere i runga i te rārangi.
2. Kauwhata Tawhiti me te Wā:
– GLB: He kauwhata kei te āhua o te rārangi tika e whakaatu ana i te tawhiti e piki haere ana i runga i te rārangi.
– GLBB: He kauwhata kei te āhua o te kōpiko parabolic e whakaatu ana i te tawhiti e piki haere ana i te tere.
Whakamutunga
Ko te mārama ki ngā tauira me ngā ariā taketake o te nekehanga ōrite me te ahunga ōrite (GLB) me te nekehanga ōrite (GLBB) he tūāpapa nui i roto i te ahupūngao kinematic. Ehara i te mea he mea nui ēnei momo nekehanga e rua i roto i ngā horopaki mātauranga anake, engari he maha hoki ngā tono mahi i roto i te oranga o ia rā. Mai i te kawe waka ki te aunoatanga ahumahi, mai i te haumaru taraiwa ki te matapae i te nekehanga o ngā mea e hinga ana, he whānui, he mea nui hoki ngā tono o ngā ariā o te nekehanga ōrite me te ahunga ōrite (GLBB).
Mā te mārama pai ki ēnei ariā, ka taea e tātou te mārama ake ki te ao tūroa e karapoti nei i a tātou, ā, ka taea hoki e tātou te whakamahi i tēnei mōhiotanga mō ngā momo kaupapa mahi maha, mai i te whakamahere haere ki te hoahoa i ngā pūnaha hangarau haumaru ake, whai hua ake hoki.
