Ngā Akoranga Ahupūngao Taketake

He tuhinga mō te Ātete

Mō te iahiko hiko, kua kōrerohia te kiato o te iahiko hiko, ā, kua whakamāramahia hoki te mara hiko i roto i te kaupapa mō te mara hiko. Kei roto i te kaiārahi te mara hiko me te iahiko hiko mēnā he rerekētanga pūmanawa kei roto i te kaiārahi, engari ki te kore he rerekētanga pūmanawa, kāti kāore he mara hiko me te iahiko hiko.

I roto i te nuinga o ngā ara iahiko whakarewa, he rite tonu te āputa hiko ki te mātotoru o te iahiko hiko, ina he pumau te ōwehenga o te āputa hiko ki te mātotoru o te iahiko hiko. Ko te uara o te whakatairite i te āputa hiko ki te mātotoru o te iahiko ka kiia ko te ātete. I roto i te pāngarau, ko te whanaungatanga i waenga i te āputa hiko, te mātotoru o te iahiko, me te ātete ka whakahuatia i roto i te whārite:

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He tuhinga mō te waehere tae o te Ātete

Ko te ātete tētahi wāhanga o te ara iahiko hiko e mahi ana ki te whakahaere i te maha o ngā iahiko hiko. I te nuinga o te wā, e rua ngā momo ātete, arā, ko ngā ātete koiri waea me ngā ātete waro. Ko ngā ātete hurihuri waea e whakamahia ana i roto i te taiwhanga, he mea hanga mā te takai i te waea angiangi ki runga i te mata o te ngongo ārai. Ko ngā ātete waro e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā ara iahiko hiko, he porotaka, ā, he waea kei ngā pito e rua. Ko te uara o te ātete ātete waro ka whakaatuhia i roto i te waehere tae, ā, ka whakaaturia ki runga i te mata o te ātete.

Ka taea te mōhio ki te uara ātete o tētahi ātete mā te whakamārama i te waehere tae o te ātete. Hei mārama ki tēnei, tirohia te ripanga e whai ake nei, kātahi ka ako i te tauira raruraru hei whakatau i te uara ātete ātete.

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He tuhinga mō ngā Ātete i roto i te raupapa

Mena ka honoa ngā ātete e ai ki te pikitia, ka whakaritea ngā ātete kia raupapa. Ko te ātete, te ātete hiko rānei e kōrerohia ana, ka taea te noho hei wāhanga ātete, hei rama, hei ātete hiko rānei.

Ka neke te utu hiko mā roto i te ātete 1 (R₁) = te utu hiko ka neke mā roto i te ātete 2 (R₂) = ka neke te utu hiko mā roto i te ātete 3 (R₃). Te hiko hiko Ko (I) he utu hiko e rere ana i roto i tētahi wā kua whakaritea (I = Q / t), nō reira ko te iahiko e puta ana i te ātete 1 (I₁) = te iahiko hiko e puta ana i te ātete 2 (I₂) = te iahiko hiko e puta ana i te ātete 3 (I₃). Mā te pāngarau, ko te iahiko hiko katoa (I) = I₁ = Ahau₂ = Ahau₃.

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Whārite o te Ātete Hiko

I roto i te kaupapa o te ture a Ohm, kua ahu mai he tātai e whakaatu ana i te whanaungatanga i waenga i te ngaohiko (V), te iahiko hiko (I), me te ātete hiko (R). E whakaatuhia ana mā te pāngarau mā roto i ngā whārite:

E whakaatu ana tēnei whārite he rite tonu te ātete hiko (R) ki te ngaohiko hiko (V) me te rite whakamuri ki te iahiko hiko (I). Mena he nui ake te ngaohiko matua i te ātete hiko, ka nui haere, engari, ki te kaha ake te iahiko hiko, ka nui ake te ātete hiko. Ka whakamāramahia e tēnei whārite te ture a Ohm ina pumau te ātete hiko (R). Mena kāore te ātete hiko i te pumau, kāore tēnei whārite e whakamārama i te ture a Ohm, engari e whakamārama ana i te ātete o te kaiārahi hiko.

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He tuhinga mō ngā Ātete i te whakarara

Mena ka honoa ngā ātete pēnei i te pikitia, ka honoa ngā ātete ki te taha whakarara.

Ko te iahiko (iahiko = te utu hiko e rere ana i roto i tētahi wā) e tomo ana ki te pūwāhi hononga he rite tonu ki te iahiko e puta ana mai i te pūwāhi hononga. He maha ngā hononga, nō reira ko te iahiko katoa = te nui o te iahiko e rere ana i ia hononga. Mā te pāngarau, I = I ₁ + I ₂ + I _{3. Ahakoa} he rite te rerekētanga pūmanawa hiko, te ngaohiko hiko rānei i ia hononga.

I = V/R, nō reira ka huri te whārite i runga ake nei ki I = V/R1 ₊ V/R2 ₊ V/R3 _. He ōrite te ngaohiko hiko, nō reira ka huri tēnei whārite ki I = V (1/R1 ₊ 1/R2 ₊ 1/ _R3 ). Mena ko te ātete ōrite ko 1/R, ko I = V (1/R). Nō reira, 1/R = 1/R1 ₊ 1/R2 ₊ 1/ _R3.

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He tuhinga mō te Pūtake o te kaha hikohiko emf Ātete ā-roto Ngaohiko mutunga

Ka rere te iahiko hiko i roto i tētahi ara iahiko kati, mai i te pūmanawa teitei ki te pūmanawa iti. Ina neke te iahiko hiko mā roto i tētahi wāhanga o te ātete hiko, ka heke te kaha pūmanawa hiko nā te mea ka whakamahia te kaha hiko ki tēnei ātete. Kia rere tonu ai te iahiko hiko mai i te pūmanawa teitei ki te pūmanawa iti,

Me whai taputapu hei tāpiri i te pūngao hiko, ko te taputapu he kaha hiko (emf) he pūtake hiko rānei. Ko te Emf, he pūtake hiko rānei, he wāhanga e huri ana i tētahi momo pūngao hei pūngao hiko, pērā i ngā pākahiko, ngā pūtau rā, ngā kaihanga hiko rānei.

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Ngā EMF raupapa me te whakarara

Mena e rua, neke atu rānei ngā pūtake hiko (emf) e hono ana e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia, ka whakaritea te emf kia raupapa.

Ko te pūtake ngaohiko ōrite (ε) ko:

ε = ε ₁ + ε ₂ + ε _n

Ko te ātete ā-roto ōrite (r) ko:

r = _r1 + _r2 + _rn

Ko te iahiko e rere ana i roto i te ātete o waho (R) ko:

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Ko te ture tuatahi a Kirchhoff, e kiia nei ko te ture o te pūwāhi hononga, e kī ana ko te iahiko e tomo ana ki tētahi pūwāhi hononga he rite tonu ki te iahiko e puta ana mai i taua pūwāhi hononga. Ko te pūwāhi hononga i roto i tētahi ara iahiko hiko ko te pūwāhi e tūtaki ai ngā kaiārahi e rua, neke atu rānei, pērā i te pūwāhi a i te ahua kei te taha.

Ko I te iahiko e tomo ana ki te pūwāhi hononga, ko I ₁ me I ₂ ia ngā iahiko e puta ana i te pūwāhi hononga, I = I ₁ + I _2. Hei tauira anō, mātakitakina te ahua i raro nei.

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E ai ki te ture tuarua a Kirchhoff, ko te huringa o te pūmanawa hiko i runga i te porowhita o te ara iahiko kati he kore. Ko te ture tuarua a Kirchhoff e ahu mai ana i te ture tiaki pūngao, e kī ana he pumau tonu te pūngao.

Hei mārama ake i tēnei, whakaarohia te neke o te hiko i roto i tētahi ara iahiko kati, pērā i te pikitia. Ina haere te hiko i roto i tētahi ātete hiko (R), te pūngao pūmanawa hiko ka whakaitihia nā te mea ka whakamahia ki ēnei ātete. Mēnā ka pā te utu hiko mā roto i tētahi atu ātete hiko, ka heke anō te pūngao pūmanawa hiko nā te mea ka whakamahia anō ki te ātete. Hei tāpiri, ina pā te utu hiko mā roto i te pūtake ngaohiko mai i te pūmanawa iti ki te pūmanawa teitei, ka piki ake te pūngao pūmanawa hiko. Ina hoki ki tōna pūwāhi taketake, ka rite tonu te pūngao pūmanawa hiko ki mua, arā, ko te huringa o te pūngao pūmanawa hiko he kore. Ina whakamahia KirchhoffKo te ture tuarua a te tuhinga mō te ara iahiko hiko, ka whakamahia e tātou te huringa o te ngaohiko hiko, ehara i te huringa o te pūngao pūmanawa hiko.

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Te whakamāramatanga o te mana hiko

Ko te mana i akohia i roto i te mahi me te Pūngao ka whakatauhia hei mahi i mahia i roto i tētahi wā motuhake. Ko te mahi he tukanga o te huringa pūngao, nō reira ka taea te mārama ko te mana he huringa o te pūngao e puta ana i roto i tētahi wā motuhake.

Ko te mana hiko he panonitanga o te pūngao hiko i roto i tētahi wā kua whakaritea. I roto i tētahi arotake o te pūmanawa hiko, e whakamāramahia ana ko ngā panonitanga o te pūngao pūmanawa hiko ka puta ina haere tētahi utu hiko mā roto i tētahi rerekētanga pūmanawa hiko.

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