He tuhinga mō te Ātete
Mō te iahiko hiko, kua kōrerohia te kiato o te iahiko hiko, ā, kua whakamāramahia hoki te mara hiko i roto i te kaupapa mō te mara hiko. Kei roto i te kaiārahi te mara hiko me te iahiko hiko mēnā he rerekētanga pūmanawa kei roto i te kaiārahi, engari ki te kore he rerekētanga pūmanawa, kāti kāore he mara hiko me te iahiko hiko.
I roto i te nuinga o ngā ara iahiko whakarewa, he rite tonu te āputa hiko ki te mātotoru o te iahiko hiko, ina he pumau te ōwehenga o te āputa hiko ki te mātotoru o te iahiko hiko. Ko te uara o te whakatairite i te āputa hiko ki te mātotoru o te iahiko ka kiia ko te ātete. I roto i te pāngarau, ko te whanaungatanga i waenga i te āputa hiko, te mātotoru o te iahiko, me te ātete ka whakahuatia i roto i te whārite:
ρ = E / J
ρ = ātete, E = papa hiko , J = kiato iahiko
Ko tētahi o ngā tātai o te mara hiko ko E = V/d, ko V = te rerekētanga pūmanawa hiko = te ngaohiko hiko, ā, ko d = te tawhiti, kia rite ai te waeine o te mara hiko ki te Volt/mita (V/m). Ko te tātai o te kiato o te iahiko ko J = I/A, ko I = te iahiko hiko, ā, ko A = te horahanga whakawhiti-wāhanga o te kaiārahi, nō reira ko te waeine o te kiato o te iahiko ko Ampere/mita tapawhā (A/m² ) . Ko te whārite o te ātete ko ρ = E/J, kia rite ai te waeine ātete ki te V/m: A/m² = V/mxm² / A = V/A (m) = Ω m (pānuihia: Ohmmeter). Ko Ω = Volt / Ampere he waeine o te ātete hiko.
Ko te uara ātete nui rawa kei ngā ārai hiko, ko te ātete iti rawa kei te kaiārahi hiko pai. Ko te pai ake o te tuku a te kaiārahi i te iahiko hiko, ko te iti ake o te ātete o te momo kaiārahi. Ko te raupapa o ngā kaiārahi konganuku he ātete nui ki te iti rawa ko te tine, te maitai, te konumohe, te koura, te parahi, te hiriwa. Nō reira, ka taea te whakatau ko te uara ātete o tētahi mea e whakaatu ana i te ine o te kaha o te mea ki te aukati i te iahiko hiko.
He pai te arataki hiko, ā, e whai ana i te ture a Ohm, i tētahi pāmahana, kāore te uara ātete e whakawhirinaki ki te papa hiko, arā, ki te huri te papa hiko, kāore te uara o te ātete e huri. I tētahi atu taha, mō ngā arataki hiko kāore e whai i te ture a Ohm, ka whakawhirinaki te uara ātete ki te papa hiko, arā, ki te huri te rahi o te papa hiko, ka huri anō hoki te uara-R.
Ko te ātete o te kaiārahi whakarewa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pāmahana. Mēnā ka piki te pāmahana o te whakarewa, ka piki ake te ātete o te whakarewa, engari ki te heke te pāmahana o te whakarewa, ka heke te ātete o te whakarewa. I te pikinga o te pāmahana, ka tere ake te neke o ngā ngota, ā, ka whakarite kia kore e tika kia aukati i te nekehanga o ngā irahiko, ka puhoi ake te rere o ngā irahiko. Ina heke te pāmahana, ka puhoi ake te neke o ngā ngota, ā, ka whakarite kia maeneene ake te rere o te irahiko.
Ko te ritenga kē o te ātete ko te kawe hiko. Mā te pāngarau, ka whakaaturia te whanaungatanga i waenga i te ātete me te kawe hiko mā te whārite:
σ = 1/ ρ
σ = te kawe hiko o te kaiārahi hiko, ρ = te ātete.
Ko te waeine o te ātete ko Ωm, nō reira ko te waeine o te kawe hiko ko 1 / Ωm = (Ωm) -1
Ko te uara kawe hiko nui rawa atu kei te kaiārahi hiko, ko te uara kawe iti rawa kei te kaiārahi hiko, kei te kaiārahi hiko kino rānei. Ko te pai ake o te kawe hiko a te kaiārahi, ko te nui ake o te kawe hiko o te kaiārahi. Ko te raupapa o ngā kaiārahi konganuku he kawe hiko nui rawa atu ki te iti rawa ko te hiriwa, te parahi, te koura, te konumohe, te maitai, te tine. Nō reira, ka taea te whakatau ko te uara o te kawe hiko o tētahi mea e whakaatu ana i te ine o te kaha o te mea ki te kawe i te hiko. He nui te kawe hiko o te hiriwa engari he utu nui, nō reira he whānuitia te whakamahinga o te parahi hei kaiārahi hiko.
