Ngā Take he Kikorangi te Rangi: He Tūhuratanga Hōhonu
Mai anō i tō tātou tamarikitanga, he tokomaha o tātou kua whakaaro he aha te kikorangi o te rangi. He pātai tēnei kua roa e hiahia ana te tangata ki te mōhio, ā, he pātai e whakakotahi ana i te pūtaiao me te pānga o te rotarota. Ahakoa tōna āhua o ia rā, ko te mārama ki te take e kikorangi ai te rangi ko te ruku hohonu ki te ao whakamīharo o te ahupūngao me te pūtaiao āhuarangi. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga ngā whakamārama pūtaiao kei muri i te āhuatanga, ā, ka tukuna he māramatanga whānui mō te take e kikorangi ai tō tātou rangi.
Te Mararatanga o Rayleigh: Te Take Matua
Ko te take nui e kikorangi ai te rangi nā te ariā e mōhiotia ana ko te mararatanga o Rayleigh. I tapaina i muri i te kaipūtaiao Piritana a Lord Rayleigh, nāna i whakaahua tēnei mararatanga i te rautau 19, e pā ana ki te mararatanga o te mārama e ngā matūriki he iti ake i te roangaru o te mārama. Engari me wehewehe anō tātou.
Te Āhua o te Māramatanga
Tuatahi, he mea nui kia mārama ko te rā, te mārama mā rānei, he whānuitanga tae, he rerekē ngā roangaru o ia roangaru. Ina uru te rā ki te āhuarangi o te Ao, ka tūtaki ki ngā ngota me ngā matūriki iti. Ahakoa ko ngā tae he roa ake ngā roangaru, pērā i te whero, te karaka, me te kōwhai, ka tika ake te haere mā te āhuarangi, ko ngā roangaru poto ake (kikorangi me te waioleto) ka ngawari ake te mimiti, kātahi ka marara ki ngā ahunga rerekē e ngā hau me ngā matūriki o te āhuarangi.
He aha te kikorangi e kaha ake ai
Ahakoa he nui ake te marara o te mārama waiporoporo i te mārama kikorangi nā te poto o te roanga ngaru, kāore ō tātou kanohi e aro nui ki te waiporoporo. Hei tāpiri, he nui te wāhanga o te mārama waiporoporo ka mimitihia e te paparanga ozone i te tihi o te āhuarangi o te Ao. Nō reira, ka marara te mārama kikorangi ki ngā taha katoa, ā, ka āhua kikorangi te rangi ki ō tātou kanohi.
Te Tūranga o te Āhuarangi
He mea nui te hanganga me te matotoru o te āhuarangi o Papatūānuku ki te tukanga marara. Ko te nuinga o te wā, he hauota me te hāora kei roto i tō tātou āhuarangi, me ētahi atu hau iti noa iho. He tika te rahi o ēnei ngota hei marara i te mārama poto-roa (kikorangi me te waiporoporo) i ngā roangaru roa ake (whero me te karaka).
Ko te matotoru o te āhuarangi he mea nui anō hoki ki ngā rerekētanga tae e kitea ana e tātou. Ka rerekē tēnei matotoru i runga i te koki o te rā. Hei tauira, i te wā e whiti ana te rā me te tōnga o te rā, me tika te whiti o te mārama o te rā mā roto i te matotoru nui ake o te āhuarangi, ka marara ngā roangaru poto ki waho o te tirohanga, ā, ka taea e ngā roangaru roa (whero me karaka) te noho hei pūtake, ka hoatu ki te rangi ōna tae ataahua i te ata me te ahiahi.
Te Tirohanga Tangata
Ko tā tātou tirohanga ki te tae tētahi atu take e kite ai tātou i te rangi he kikorangi. Kei roto i ngā kanohi tangata ngā pūtau kōne e aro ana ki ngā tae mārama rerekē: whero, kakariki, me te kikorangi. Ina marara te mārama i roto i te āhuarangi, ka pā pinepine te mārama kikorangi ki ō tātou retina, ka whakaoho i ngā kōne e aro ana ki te kikorangi. I tua atu, e ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, ahakoa kei reira te mārama waiorā, kāore ō tātou kanohi e aro nui ana ki a ia, ā, ka aro atu hoki ngā kōne kikorangi ki te waiorā, ka whakarei ake i te āhua kikorangi.
Ngā Mea Kē Atu e Pā Ana ki te Tae o te Rangi
Ahakoa te whakamārama a Rayleigh scattering i te tae kikorangi matua, he maha atu anō ngā mea ka pā ki te tae o te rangi:
– Ngā Hauāwhiowhio me ngā Parahanga: Ka taea e ngā matūriki mai i ngā pahūtanga puia, ngā ngahere ahi, me ngā mahi a te tangata te horapa i te mārama i roto i ngā momo huarahi rerekē. Ka horapa ngā matūriki nunui i ngā roangaru mārama katoa, ā, he maha ngā wā ka āhua mā, ka hina rānei te rangi, e mōhiotia ana ko te Mie scattering.
– Ngā pata wai me ngā tioata hukapapa: Ka titaritari ngā kapua me ētahi atu momo ua i te mārama i ngā huarahi rerekē, ka whai wāhi ki ngā rerekētanga o te tae o te rangi e kitea ana e tātou i raro i ngā āhuatanga huarere rerekē.
– Teitei me te Tauwāhi: Ka kitea pea ngā rohe teitei he kikorangi hohonu ake nā te mea he angiangi ake te āhuarangi, ka whakaiti i te marara o ngā roangaru kē atu. Waihoki, ko ngā rohe he iti ake te parahanga, he mārama ake, he kikorangi ake te āhua o ngā rangi.
Te Māramatanga o Ngā Hītori
He mea whakamiharo, he nui ngā kōrero mō te rapunga kia mārama ai he aha te kikorangi o te rangi. I whakaaroaro ngā Kariki o mua mō te āhua o te tae o te rangi, ā, he nui ngā takoha a ngā tāngata pērā i a Leonardo da Vinci rāua ko Isaac Newton ki tō tātou māramatanga ki te māramatanga me te tae. Heoi, tae noa ki te rautau 19 ka puta he whakamārama pūtaiao tūturu i roto i ngā mahi a Lord Rayleigh.
Te Ataahua o te Rangi Kikorangi
Haunga tōna whakamārama pūtaiao, he hiranga ataahua, he hiranga kare ā-roto hoki te rangi kikorangi ki te tini o te tangata. He maha ngā wā e hono ana te rangi kikorangi mārama ki te rangi pai, ki te marino, ki te wairua tuwhera me te herekore. Kua whakaaweawehia e ia ngā mahi toi, ngā tuhinga, me ngā waiata maha puta noa i te hītori o te tangata.
Opaniraa
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko te tae kikorangi o te rangi he hua nō te mararatanga o Rayleigh, arā, ko ngā roangaru poto o te mārama (kikorangi) ka marara pai ake e ngā ngota i roto i te āhuarangi o Papatūānuku. Nā tēnei āhuatanga, me te aro o ō tātou kanohi ki te mārama kikorangi, ka hangaia te tuanui kikorangi ataahua e kitea ana e tātou i te rā mārama. He maha ngā āhuatanga, tae atu ki te hanganga o te āhuarangi, te tirohanga a te tangata, me ngā āhuatanga taiao, e whai wāhi katoa ana ki tēnei āhuatanga o ia rā, engari he mea whakamiharo.
Ko te mārama ki te take he kikorangi te rangi, ehara i te mea ka ea noa te hiahia nui, engari ka whakamāramahia hoki te hononga uaua i waenga i te mārama me te mea. He tohu tēnei mō te ataahua me te uaua o te ao tūroa, he whakamaumaharatanga ahakoa ko ngā wheako tino noa kei raro i ngā mātāpono pūtaiao whakamīharo. Nō reira, i te wā e titiro ake ai koe ki te rangi kikorangi mārama, ka mōhio koe ki ngā tukanga whakamiharo e hanga ana i taua mea.
